Shebekino

Located on the border with Ukraine , 7 km from the Seversky Donets River , 32 km along the highway from Belgorod on the Nezhegol River.

The date of the Shebekino settlement is considered to be the year 1713, when it was first marked on Russian maps. However, it is likely that in this place and earlier there was some small settlement that arose in the XVII century in the course of the development of these territories by the Russian people. Moreover, the Belgorod defensive line was very close to this place and one of its watchmen was located. In 1654, the city-fortress Nezhegolsk , which was part of the Belgorod defensive line ^{[3] [4],} was built on the site of a modern Shebekino suburb.

The town got its name by the name of the first landowner, who, after settling here his serfs, founded the village. Lt. Col. Ivan Dmitrievich Shibeko ^[5] , who was one of the participants in the Battle of Poltava, bought 160 quarters of the land from a nobleman N. R. Maslov. He settled his serfs on the right bank of the Nezhegol River. In his estate, in addition to the manor, he built the mill ^[4] .

In 1716, I. D. Shibeko and his wife died, leaving no children behind. All the estate was transferred to the rental ownership of Alexey Vasilyevich Makarov , the former cabinet secretary of Peter I ^[4] . After his death, Shebekino became an object of controversy and in the XVIII century changed several owners ^[4] , among whom N. F. Golovin was known ^[3] . In 1785, the settlement of Shebekino passed into the possession of Princess Ekaterina Petrovna Baryatinskaya ^[4] . In 1792, in the center of the settlement, a wooden church of the Tikhvin Mother of God was built at the expense of parishioners and voluntary donors.

In the 19th century, the settlement became the volost center of the Belgorod district of the Kursk province ^[3] . In 1836, Lieutenant-General Alexey Maksimovich Rebinder (1795–1869) bought the Shebekino settlement. With the transfer to the possession of the Rebinder family in the settlement, the active development of industry began. In 1839, the owner of the settlement on the banks of the Nezhegol River built a primitive sugar factory, which was reconstructed and enlarged in 1848 and named Alekseevsky by the name of the owner ^[6] . In 1847 a brick factory was built, which was intended to provide the enterprise with building materials. By 1850, the Rehbinder beet sugar refinery became one of the largest in the Kursk province ^[4] .

The son of Alexei Maksimovich, Alexander ^[6] , in 1867 built in Shebekino mechanical workshops for the repair of agricultural implements, and in 1875 - a distillery and a two-story mill with a butter churn. In 1888, the sugar factory was reconstructed, the main and two side buildings were completed, a pumping station was installed. In 1890, Shebekinsky and Novo-Tavolzhansky sugar factories produced products for 1 million 575 thousand rubles. To simplify the export of such production volumes in 1896, during the construction of the railway line from Belgorod to Kupyansk, from Nezhegol station, access railway lines were laid to the Botkino freight station in Novo-Tavolzhanka and to the freight station Rebinderovo in the Shebekino settlement ^[4] .

In 1875, Alexander Alekseevich, together with his brother Nikolai, at the initiative of the agronomist Vasily Krainsky ^[7], founded the Maryinsky agricultural school for 120 people working in Shebekino. Pupils not younger than 14 years old were taken into it, of which 3 teachers taught field work, carpentry and plumbing ^[4] .

At the turn of the 1880s, a new stone one with the same name was built next to the old church. A part of the funds for its construction was allocated by the Rebinder family.

In 1905, A. A. Rebinder built a power plant at the sugar plant, which provided electricity not only to industrial enterprises, but also to residential buildings. At the beginning of the 20th century, the Alekseevsky plant became the largest in Russia, and the daily sugar production was 15 wagons, 900 pounds each, which gave an income of up to 3 million rubles a year. In 1914, A. A. Rebinder built a tannery and slaughterhouse, which employed 1,385 workers ^[4] .

Before the Shebekino revolution, besides sugar and leather factories, there were alcohol, chalk and brick factories, as well as agricultural workshops ^[4] .

In the savings "Fedorovka" was a stud farm (stud farm). In order to breed more durable horse breeds A. A. Rebinder bought several stallion sires abroad.

From September 1 (Art. Art.) To October 25 (Art. Art.), 1917 as part of the Russian Republic . Then the Civil War began in Russia (1918–1923) .

C December 1922 as part of the RSFSR .

In July 1928, Shebekino became the center of Shebekinsky district. On December 16, 1938, by the Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, the working settlement of Shebekino was given the status of a city ^[8] .

The city of Shebekino was occupied by the Germans on June 14, 1942 ^[9] , liberated on February 9, 1943 by the 472nd regiment (commander - Major Semen Petrovich Berezin) with the assistance of the 454th and 460th infantry regiments of the 100th Infantry Division (Major General Perkhorovich, Franz Iosifovich ) of the 40th Army of the Voronezh Front from the Nazi German troops during the Kharkov offensive operation (see also Kharkov Offensive Operation 2.02.-03.03.1943 ) ^{[9] [10]} .

After the war, Shebekino developed as a city of chemists. In 1948, construction began on the first chemical plant in the USSR producing fat substitutes and detergents based on surfactants. In the USSR, Novost, Kristall, and Neptune laundry detergents were widely known; Fairy, Alfia, and Iva liquid detergents were produced.

In 1961, the village of Titovka was included in the city limits; in 1971, the village of Ustinka and Denovoye were included in the line of Shebekino ^[11] .

From 2004 to 2018 as part of the now abolished former municipal district ^{[12], it} formed the eponymous municipality Shebekino city with the status of urban settlement as the only settlement in its composition ^[13] .

As of January 1, 2018, in terms of population, the city was located at 366 out of 1,113 ^[29] cities of the Russian Federation ^[30] .

• Household chemicals factory.
• Engineering Plant.
• Plant avtospetsoborudovaniya.
• Plant of reinforced concrete products.
• JSC "Karbon", a former chalk plant.
• Plant finishing materials.
• Combine building materials.
• Vegetable Combine.
• Shebekinsky cardboard company.
• Butter factory.
• Asphalt plant.
• Shebekinsky macaroni and confectionery production
• LLC SPF RUS
• LLC "Agroacademia"
• Limkorm LLC

• Historical and Art Museum .
• Palace of Culture.
• Centralized library system.
• Center for Cultural Development.

A television:

• Comet TV

Newspaper:

• MY DISTRICT Shebekino

Radio:

• 68.27 Radio Russia
• 89.0 Radio 7
• 103.4 Mir Belogorya (Radio 31)

• Shebekinsky History and Art Museum

• Ovchinnikov V.V. Shebekino // Belgorod Encyclopedia / Ch. editor V. V. Ovchinnikov. - Belgorod: Regional Printing House, 1998. - p . 338 . - ISBN 5-86295-001-X .

• Official website of Shebekino city administration
• Portal of Shebekino

Maps

• Aerosyomka Shebekino 1941.
• Detailed map with address search.