Honored Master of Sports - honorary sports title. The standard abbreviation in sports reference is ZMS .
The title "Honored Master of Sports" was established in the USSR in 1934 (since 1983 the official name is "Honored Master of Sports of the USSR"). Similar titles existed in Bulgaria [1] , Mongolia , Poland [1] (exist now), East Germany [1] , Romania [1] , Czechoslovakia [1] .
After the collapse of the USSR, the title “Honored Master of Sports of the USSR” was awarded in 1992 for achievements in the United Team . Since 1992, the titles “Honored Master of Sports” have been established in a number of states that were formerly part of the USSR (in some, as an honorary title):
- ZMS of Russia - in 1992, an honorary sports title.
- ZMS of Ukraine - in 1992, an honorary sports title; according to the Unified Sports Classification of Ukraine in 2006 - a sports rank.
- ZMS of the Republic of Belarus - in 1994, an honorary sports title; Since April 13, 1995 - an honorary title.
- ZMS of the Republic of Kazakhstan - an honorary sports title.
- ZMS of the Kyrgyz Republic - an honorary sports title.
- ZMS of Moldova - an honorary sports title.
- ZMS of the Republic of Tajikistan - an honorary sports title.
- Uzbekistan - honorary titles “Uzbekistan Iftihori” (August 28, 1998) and “Honored Athlete of the Republic of Uzbekistan” (April 26, 1996).
Honorary title - the title assigned individually by the highest legislative body of the country or by the president; honorary sports title - the title assigned individually by the leadership of the ministry or department responsible for sports; sports title - the title assigned when fulfilling the standards established by sports classifications.
Content
- 1 USSR
- 1.1 Honored Master of Mountaineering
- 2 Russia
- 3 Ukraine
- 4 Belarus
- 5 Kazakhstan
- 6 Uzbekistan
- 7 Bulgaria
- 8 Mongolia
- 9 Poland
- 10 Links
USSR
- See also: Category: Honored Masters of Sports of the USSR
On May 27, 1934, the CEC of the USSR adopted a resolution “On Establishing the Title of Honored Master of Sports” (since 1983 the official name of the title is “Honored Master of Sports of the USSR ” [2] ), which is assigned to “outstanding masters - active builders of Soviet physical education” [3] .
The title was assigned by the highest body for sports management in the USSR (in 1934 - the All-Union Council of Physical Culture at the Central Executive Committee of the USSR; later it repeatedly changed its name and status).
On June 5, 1934, the title was awarded to 22 athletes; their list was published on June 17 in the Pravda newspaper . Sign number 1 was received by skater Yakov Melnikov [4] . Most were active athletes or completed their performances recently (in the early 1930s); Plato Ippolitov, whose sporting achievements date back to the 1910s and early 1920s, did a lot to popularize speed skating in the USSR.
The badge of the honored master of sports was approved in 1935.
- Badge and certificate awarded to Victor Mikhailov , first boxer - Honored Master of Sports (1936)
New assignments followed in 1936 and became regular.
During the Great Patriotic War, the title "Honored Master of Sports" was awarded to masters of sports who distinguished themselves in battles with invaders. So, the famous athlete (and in the future, the famous coach) Viktor Alekseev in 1942 received the title "for preparing reserves for the front and high sports achievements" [5] , and in 1943 the title was awarded to weightlifter Arkady Avakyan for killing a German punch [6] .
In the second half of the 1940s and the beginning of the 1950s, the number of title awards increased sharply. In the first half of the 1950s, in connection with the entry of Soviet athletes into the international arena, it was decided to confer the title for achievements at major international competitions.
Until the mid-1950s, the title was often awarded for coaching and pedagogical achievements; in 1956, this practice was discontinued in connection with the establishment of the title " Honored Trainer of the USSR ". In 1943, the only time the title was awarded to a sports referee - football referee Nikolai Usov .
A number of athletes were stripped of their ranks for unsportsmanlike behavior, “violation of the sports regime,” or for political reasons. Among the most famous cases are:
- During the Stalinist repressions, a number of repressed athletes were deprived of the title of ZMS; the most famous of them are brothers Alexander , Andrey and Nikolay Starostin, deprived of their rank in 1941 (the rank was restored in 1955) [7] .
- After the defeat of the USSR national football team from the Yugoslav national team at the 1952 Olympic Games , coach Boris Arkadiev , players Konstantin Beskov and Valentin Nikolaev [8] (the title was restored later) were stripped.
- In 1958, for the three Olympic football champions - Eduard Streltsov , Mikhail Ogonkov and Boris Tatushin - the party ended with criminal charges; all three were stripped of their rank. Tatushin's title of ZMS was restored, Ogonkov did not live to be restored (he died in 1979). Sagittarius was convicted, after leaving prison he returned to sports, and in 1967 he was again awarded the title of Honored Master of Sports.
Deprivation of the rank also followed when traveling abroad to a permanent place of residence or refusal to return to the USSR. So, the titles were deprived of the chess player Alla Kushnir , the chess player Iser Kuperman , the “defectors” skaters Lyudmila Belousova and Oleg Protopopov , the chess player Viktor Korchnoi . The only exception was the football player Agustin Gomez : who came to the USSR as a teenager among the children of the Spanish Republicans, he returned to Spain in 1956 for clandestine work in the Communist Party. [9]
In December 1972, in honor of the 50th anniversary of the USSR, the title was awarded to the best athletes of 9 socialist countries. [4] On April 23, 1985, in connection with the 40th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War, the title was awarded to a group of athletes, including Stanislav Marusaz (Poland), who fought in the Polish Resistance. [10]
Honored Master of Mountaineering
"Honored Master of Mountaineering " - a title established by the Central Executive Committee of the USSR in 1934. In the same year, Vitaly Abalakov , Evgeny Abalakov , Lev Barkhash and Nikolai Krylenko were awarded it. In 1936, the All-Union Committee on Physical Culture and Sports Affairs became the head of mountaineering, in connection with which a new wording was introduced: "Honored Master of Sports" in mountaineering. [eleven]
Russia
- See also: Category: Honored Masters of Sports of Russia
"Honored Master of Sports of Russia " - an honorary sports title, established in 1992. The latest version of the title regulation was adopted in 2008 [12] (with minor amendments to the 2006 order [13] ). The issue of conferring and stripping a title is decided by the supreme body for managing physical culture and sports in Russia.
- Breastplates ZMS of Russia
Badge awarded before 2007
Badge awarded since 2007
According to the current regulation, the title is assigned to:
- champions and prize-winners of the Olympic , Paralympic and Deaflympic Games;
- world champions in the disciplines included in the program of the Olympic, Paralympic and Deaflympic Games - in personal competitions, including relay races, groups, couples, etc., competitions in game team forms;
- world and European champions, winners of the World and European Cups, who also scored the required number of points in accordance with a special table;
- “As an exception” - “for his outstanding contribution to enhancing the authority of the Russian Federation and Russian sports at the international level, with exceptional courage and skill shown.”
According to the current regulation, the grounds for the deprivation of rank are:
- identification of the inaccuracy of the submitted information necessary for the conferment of rank;
- disqualification of an athlete for using prohibited in sports means (doping) and / or methods;
- entry into force of a court verdict for a deliberate crime.
Although the title “Honored Master of Sports of Russia” is assigned to Russian citizens, an exception was made in 2008: for winning the UEFA Cup 2007/2008 among the Zenit players (St. Petersburg), the team captain Anatoly Timoshchuk was awarded the title [14] , who does not have Russian citizenship - he is a citizen of Ukraine and has the title “Honored Master of Sports of Ukraine” (2005) [15] . Other Zenit footballers who do not have Russian citizenship did not receive the title.
Ukraine
- See also: Category: Honored Masters of Sports of Ukraine
“Honored Master of Sports of Ukraine ” ( ZMSU , Ukrainian: Honors Master of Sports of Ukraine ) - since the establishment in 1992 - an honorary sports title [16] , with the introduction of the Unified Sports Classification of Ukraine 2006 - a sports title [17] . Badge No. 1 was received by athlete Sergey Bubka [18] .
The procedure and criteria for conferring and withdrawing a title are regulated by the Unified Sports Classification of Ukraine in 2006, and in 1993-2006, the Regulations on the Honorary Title “Honored Master of Sports of Ukraine” (revisions of 1993 and 1997). The issue of conferring and stripping a title is decided by the supreme body for managing physical culture and sports in Ukraine. The title is assigned to citizens of Ukraine.
According to the Unified Sports Classification of Ukraine in 2006, the title of ZMSU is awarded to "athletes in individual or team types of programs to commemorate their personal merits" when fulfilling the standards specified in the document. Standards:
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Although the 2006 Unified Sports Classification of Ukraine does not provide for the awarding of the title of ZMSU for other achievements (previously, the title could be awarded “according to the totality of results”), other criteria also apply. So, in 2009, 17 Shakhtar Donetsk players received the title for winning the UEFA Cup , and 10 of them did not have Ukrainian citizenship. [19]
According to the Unified Sports Classification of Ukraine in 2006, an athlete is deprived of the title of ZMSU only in the event of a lifelong disqualification for violation of anti-doping rules (previously there was a wider range of reasons for deprivation of the title).
Belarus
- See also: Category: Honored Masters of Sports of the Republic of Belarus
“Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Belarus ” ( Belorussian. Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Belarus ) is an honorary title awarded by decrees of the President of the Republic of Belarus .
The title was established in 1994 as an honorary sports title, and by the Law of the Republic of Belarus of April 13, 1995 "On State Awards of the Republic of Belarus" - as an honorary title. The successor Act of May 18, 2004 states [20] :
The honorary title “Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Belarus” is awarded to athletes, including disabled athletes, for achieving high results at the Olympic , Paralympic and World Games, championships, championships and World and European Cups.
On April 12, 1996, persons holding the title of Honored Master of Sports of the USSR were equated with individuals awarded the title of Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Belarus [21] (in 1994-1995 several honored masters of sports of the USSR were also awarded the title of the Republic of Belarus).
The description of the badge was adopted on January 15, 1996, and on April 8, 2005 a new description was adopted [22] , in which the inscriptions were translated from Russian into Belarusian .
There are no clear criteria for awarding a title. For achievements at the Olympic Games, the title is awarded to all champions and prize-winners; in 2002, all members of the hockey team, which took 4th place, also received the title. For achievements in the Paralympic Games, the title is usually awarded to champions.
Kazakhstan
- See also: Category: Honored Masters of Sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan
"Honored Master of Sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan " ( Kazakh Republic of Kazakhstan , the Kazakh Sibur Sport Sheberi ) - an honorary title awarded by the decrees of the Ministry of Youth, Tourism and Sports of the Republic of Kazakhstan (later by other departments).
Uzbekistan
Honorary titles of Uzbekistan assigned to athletes by decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan:
- Uzbekistan Iftihori - established by the law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of August 28, 1998. [23]
- “Honored Athlete of the Republic of Uzbekistan” - established by the law of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated April 26, 1996. [24]
The honorary title of “Uzbekiston Iftichori” ( Uzbek: O'zbekiston iftixori - translated as “Pride of Uzbekistan”) is awarded to “citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan who have won world championships, Olympic games and equivalent sports forums with the title of champion champion and their achievements contributing to exaltation of prestige , honor and glory of the motherland. " (The title is assigned not only to athletes.)
The honorary title "Honored Athlete of the Republic of Uzbekistan" ("Uzbekistan Republic Sida Hizmat Kursatgan Sportchi", Uzbek. O'zbekiston Respublikasida xizmat ko'rsatgan sportchi ) is awarded to "world champions and champions, winners of the Olympic and Asian Games , as well as other athletes who have achieved high results in sports competitions. "
Bulgaria
The title "Honored Master of Sports" of Bulgaria ( Bulgarian. He has earned a major in sports ) has existed since socialist times. In contrast to the practice of the USSR and the countries of the former USSR, the title is assigned by federations for sports based on the standards approved by them (the assignment order must be approved by the Minister for Youth and Sports) [25] .
Mongolia
- Main article: Honored Athlete of Mongolia
The title "Honored Master of Sports" of Mongolia ( Mong. Sportin gaviyat master ) existed in 1960-1991; in 1992 it was replaced by the title of "Honored Athlete" of Mongolia ( Mong. Gaviaat Tamirchin ).
Poland
The title of Honored Master of Sports of Poland ( Polish: Zasłużony Mistrz Sportu ) was established by a decision of the Polish government on April 17, 1950. The title is assigned by the supreme body for sports management:
- Main Committee for Physical Education ( Glowny Komitet Kultury Fizycznej ) - until 1960,
- Main Committee for Physical Culture and Tourism ( Glowny Komitet Kultury Fizycznej i Turystyki ) - 1960-1985,
- Main Committee for Physical Culture and Sports ( Glowny Komitet Kultury Fizycznej i Sportu ) - in 1985-1987,
- Committee on Youth and Physical Culture ( Komitet do Spraw Mlodziezy i Kultury Fizycznej ) - 1987-1989,
- Office for Physical Culture and Tourism ( Urzad Kultury Fizycznej i Turystyki ) - in modern Poland.
The badge is a gold medal with a diameter of 34 mm on a gold block 30 × 8 mm. [26]
Links
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Athletes of the countries of socialism in the international arena / Compiled by V. L. Steinbach . — М. : «Физкультура и спорт», 1974.
- ↑ Указ Президиума Верховного Совета СССР от 21 сентября 1983 года «О внесении изменений в некоторые законодательные акты СССР по вопросам здравоохранения, физической культуры и спорта, народного образования и культуры» // «Ведомости Верховного Совета СССР». — 1983 — № 39 — С. 583
- ↑ Постановление ЦИК СССР
- ↑ 1 2 Когорта сильнейших и доблестных // Сайт ОКР. — 24 мая 2004
- ↑ Александр Иссурин . Первый не только по номеру удостоверения // «Невское время» . — 27 августа 2004
- ↑ М. Л. Аптекарь . Тяжёлая атлетика. Справочник . — М. : «Физкультура и спорт», 1983. — С. 59.
- ↑ Список ЗМС по футболу // «Футбольный курьер». — 17—23 февраля 1993
- ↑ Секретный архив Акселя Вартаняна Архивная копия от 15 марта 2008 на Wayback Machine // «Спорт-Экспресс» . — 28 января 2002
- ↑ Юрий Петров . Красная Площадь Агустина Гомеса // «Футбол». — 1995, № 48
- ↑ «Советский спорт» . — 30 апреля 1985
- ↑ 99 Заслуженных Мастеров Спорта Архивная копия от 11 декабря 2008 на Wayback Machine
- ↑ Приказ Министерства спорта, туризма и молодёжной политики Российской Федерации от 27 ноября 2008 г. № 55 «Об утверждении Положения о присвоении почетных спортивных званий» Архивная копия от 9 ноября 2010 на Wayback Machine
- ↑ Приказ Федерального агентства по физической культуре и спорту от 25 сентября 2006 г. № 634 «Об учреждении почетных спортивных званий»
- ↑ Приказ о присвоении спортивного звания «Заслуженный мастер спорта России» Архивная копия от 15 мая 2010 на Wayback Machine № 119-ВН от 25 декабря 2008
- ↑ Тимощук получил звание «Заслуженный мастер спорта» Архивная копия от 21 апреля 2009 на Wayback Machine // официальный сайт Анатолия Тимощука . — 18 октября 2005
- ↑ Про внесення змін та доповнень до наказу Держкомспорту від 14.04.93 р. № 35 «Про затвердження Положення про почесне звання „Заслужений тренер України“ та про затвердження Положення про почесне спортивне звання „Заслужений майстер спорту України“» (укр.)
- ↑ Единая спортивная классификация Украины 2006 Архивная копия от 28 февраля 2007 на Wayback Machine (укр.)
- ↑ Биография С. Бубки Архивная копия от 28 сентября 2007 на Wayback Machine
- ↑ Юрий Павленко: «Это прецедент в Украине» // сайт ФК «Шахтёр». — 21 июля 2009
- ↑ Закон Республики Беларусь от 18 мая 2004 г. № 288-З «О государственных наградах Республики Беларусь» Архивная копия от 11 декабря 2008 на Wayback Machine , статья 59
- ↑ Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 12 апреля 1996 г. № 143 «О некоторых мерах по подготовке белорусских спортсменов к Олимпийским и Паралимпийским играм 1996 и 1998 годов» Архивная копия от 21 июля 2015 на Wayback Machine , пункт 3
- ↑ Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 8 апреля 2005 г. № 168 «О некоторых вопросах награждения государственными наградами Республики Беларусь» Архивная копия от 11 декабря 2008 на Wayback Machine , статья 54
- ↑ Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On the establishment of the honorary title of the Republic of Uzbekistan“ Uzbekiston Iftihori ”” (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On the establishment of honorary titles of the Republic of Uzbekistan” (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Naredba No. 1 - 03 For being awarded a title for sports and treasure, Archived copy of January 6, 2009 on Wayback Machine (Bulgarian)
- ↑ Decorations for Merit in Sports Archived July 30, 2009 by Wayback Machine