Shtrafbat (television series)

The author of the script, Eduard Volodarsky , used the memories of the soldiers of the penalty units (fines) alive at that time. However, they did not see the film, because, according to the authors of the picture, by the time the film was ready, none of them were already alive ^[1] .

The military consultants were not involved in the creation of the television series, there were only technical consultants on costumes and era. According to the director , there were practically no military consultants because, foreseeing possible claims against us, we did not want to substitute anyone, we decided to take full responsibility ” ^[1] .

The authors of the television series studied archival materials and war chronicles. The last series ends with a demonstration of the list of penal units that fought on the Soviet fronts from 1942 to 1945 ^[1] . According to the authors of the television series, their goal during the creation of the film, they saw the following ^[1] :

... we do not want to say that the fines won the war . But we want to say that they too put their little brick into the powerful foundation of Victory.

The film tells about the fate of one of the penal battalions of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War .

1

Tverdokhlebov was captured by the Germans at the very beginning of World War II. All those who refused to fight on the side of the Nazis were shot, and he miraculously survived. Wounded, he got out at night from a terrible grave and reached his own.

Former prisoners and escaped from the environment are interrogated by the NKVD investigators. Tverdokhlebov is accused of treason and offered to atone for blood by becoming the commander of the penal battalion (there are not enough staff officers).

Under the leadership of Tverdokhlebov, the thief in law Glymov, who was tired of lying on his bunk, the political prisoners Rodyansky and Baukin, who defended the Soviets from the White Guards, fell. Together they have to fight at the forefront.

2

Tverdokhlebov will organize a combat-ready detachment. He appoints the commanders of the companies of Baukin and Glymov. Glymov reluctantly assumes the role of boss, knowing that his wards can escape from the first battle. But Tverdokhlebov warns that the penalties are sent to death in any case - during the attack by the penalties, the NKVD detachment will take their position, and if Tverdokhlebov’s people do not die from the bullet of the Nazis in battle, then from the bullet of the Soviet special forces.

The penalty battalion is tasked with taking a height of 114 . The battalion will have to break through to a height over a mined field. Glymov refuses to lead his people into land mines. The battalion commander understands that many will die in the minefield, but he also knows that the order must be executed at all costs. He kneels before them ... At the cost of huge losses, the height was taken. But not everyone withstood the flurry of German fire, many turned back ...

3

In the battle for height 114, more than 500 people died. Only 200 fighters remained in the battalion. Hungry, tired, but inspired by their first victory, the soldiers play cards . The game ends with a fight. Vityunya demands the chain he lost back and they kill him. The battalion commander orders Glymov to shoot Tsypa, who killed Vitka. The sentence is executed. Tverdokhlebov receives a reprimand from the general for arbitrariness, he is threatened with Kolyma . Tverdokhlebov submits to the general a petition to review the affairs of fighters who have shown themselves heroically in battle, both those who survived and those who died. The request of the battalion commander accept, but without enthusiasm.

The battalion has been starving for two days. Desperate, several former convicts, dressed in German uniforms, decide to get hold of food from the "red-feathers" - the detachment did not suffer from hunger. Having broken into the field kitchen, they capture the stew and porridge. The leadership, of course, does not leave this sortie without attention: in the morning, Major Kharchenko arrives at the penal battalion with a search. But he does not find any signs of reckless antics, no one gave out raiders in the penal battalion. Enraged, Kharchenko arrests the first few fighters he caught sight of in order to punish him. Fines die when trying to escape.

4

And again the battalion of Tverdokhlebov goes on the attack. For young Zuckerman, this is the first battle in his life. He got into the penal battalion because he had a fight with his captain, who insulted him by calling him a Jew . The young soldier does not stand the test of the first battle: in order to get rid of this nightmare, he shoots himself in the leg and ends up in the hospital. The command poses a new task for Tverdokhlebov - it is necessary to take the enemy’s language, and it was important that the German was from the officer corps. All previous attacks on the German rear ended with the death of the scouts. The battalion commander sends in reconnaissance 6 people, appointing the main Glymova. The order of the authorities was stern: without the "language" not to return. The operation is successful, the German officer and important cards are delivered on time. But the price of this military fortune was great: someone was shot, someone drowned, because they saved the Germans in the first place - without him, the life of the Pribatovites did not make sense. Major Kharchenko, who does not hide his suspicious attitude towards Tverdokhlebov, offers him to write denunciations to his soldiers. But the battalion commander refuses ...

5

In the hospital, Zuckerman meets with captain Bredunov, because of a fight with which he got into the penal battalion. They again start a fight, the wounded barely have time to pull them in different directions, so that it does not come to the murder. Glymov’s reconnaissance group approaches enemy fortifications, deciding to wait for darkness to pick up their tongue. At the cost of enormous losses, they manage to capture a German officer ...

6

In the village liberated from the Germans, Glymov meets Katerina, the woman with whom he wanted to stay forever for the first time in his life. The management decides to throw the Tverdokhlebov’s penal battalion into a well-fortified area by the Germans, conduct reconnaissance in battle, and gain a foothold there. The command understands that this place is ruined and almost certainly everyone will die there. The battalion of Tverdokhlebov again fulfills the order at the cost of huge losses, after which the leadership orders them to retreat to their previous positions. Tverdokhlebov brings a report to General Lykov with a request to remove him from command of the battalion. Lykov is disappointed with this request of the battalion commander - he wanted to submit it to the award. Major Kharchenko is trying to pick up Tverdokhlebov’s report to initiate a new case against him ...

7

The battalion of Tverdokhlebov receives an order to clear the city of Mlynov from the Germans and policemen who had taken refuge there, who did not manage to escape during the retreat. The soldier Bulyga rapes the girl he came across. Zoyka's grandfather comes to the battalion commander with a demand to punish the offender, but the girl herself, shocked by what happened, refuses to identify the rapist. She cannot stand shame ... Major Kharchenko begins an investigation into the rape of a girl. In one of the destroyed houses, fighters capture a wounded Vlasovite . Tverdokhlebov recognizes in him Sazonov. Once he was captured along with a battalion commander, then a major, and agreed to serve the Germans. It was he who shot Tverdokhlebov and other soldiers who refused to become traitors. At night, Tverdokhlebov comes to his cell and gives him a pistol with one cartridge ...

8

The task was assigned to the battalion of Tverdokhlebov - to gain a foothold in one dangerous area and hold on until the neighboring army goes on the offensive. To help the fines direct artillery with anti-tank guns under the command of Captain Bredunov. So on the battlefield once again meet Saveliy Zuckerman and the restless captain who are not reconciled in the hospital. Captain Bredunov seriously injured. Before his death, he asks Savelius for forgiveness. After the battle, Tverdokhlebov was arrested on a denunciation of Kharchenko ...

9

A new commander is sent to the battalion. Tverdokhlebov is tortured in the dungeons of the Special Department. Realizing that it will not be possible to prove his case, he decides to hang himself, but the sentry does not allow him to do this.

General Lykov is trying to alleviate the fate of the battalion commander. The head of the Special Department of the army orders to close the Tverdokhlebov case and sends him privates to the same penal battalion.

Savely secretly leaves for the hospital to see nurse Sveta. The battalion notice his absence and decide that he escaped. Returning from the hospital, Savely falls under the bombing and, having been seriously wounded, is again in the hospital ...

10

Bulyka informs Kharchenko that the fighters of the penal battalion found a German food warehouse. Major suggests General Lykov personally lead the operation to seize the warehouse. It seems to him that this is a trifle matter. The general also believes that everything will go smoothly, and in advance reports to management about success.

However, an easy walk for German sausages does not work. Kharchenko and the commander of the battalion Golovachev die in battle. By order of General Lykov, Tverdokhlebov again became the commander of the penalties.

Glymov and his soldiers are successfully conducting reconnaissance. They manage to capture two German officers. The new head of the Special Department announces thanks to the battalion commander for a successful sortie to the German rear and expresses his respect to him.

11

Kraftnikov expects a new test. They were ordered to cross the river, drive out the Germans who had strengthened themselves on that bank, and hold on until the arrival of the main forces. Tverdokhlebov realizes that his people are thrown into the thick of it and they are unlikely to survive.

The general knows for sure that he sends the penalty team to certain death in order to distract the enemy from the main forces that will go on the offensive. The fighters of the penalty team successfully complete the task assigned to them, but this is their last battle.

• Alexey Serebryakov - Tverdokhlebov Vasily Stepanovich, commander of the penal battalion (1-11 series)
• Yuri Stepanov - Glymov Antip Petrovich, a former thief in law , later - a company (company commander) in a battalion (1-11 series)
• Roman Madyanov - Major Kharchenko, Head of the Special Department (2-10 series)
• Yuri Shibanov - Pavel Burykin
• Pavel Derevyanko - Tsypa (1-3 series)
• Nikolai Machulsky - Ferret (1-3 series)
• Anna Astashkina - the wife of the commander
• Alexander Bashirov - Alexey Shustrov, "Stira", an experienced sharpie (all series except 7)
• Evgeny Berezovsky - SS Major
• Lev Borisov - Zoe's grandfather (7 episode)
• Alexey Zharkov - Major General Ilya Grigorievich Lykov (2-11 series)
• Ilya Kovrizhnykh - Savely Zuckerman (4-11 series)
• Polina Kutepova - Katerina (6 series)
• Andrey Merzlikin - captain Vyacheslav Bredunov (5-6, 8 series)
• Ivan Mokhovikov - Victor Redkin (1-3 series)
• Dmitry Nazarov - Father Michael (Mendeleev Timofey Alexandrovich) (7-11 series)
• Julia Syomina - Vera Tverdokhlebova
• Vladimir Skvortsov - Artyom
• Andrey Smolyakov - company commander Fyodor Baukin (1-4.6 series)
• Victor Suprun - harmonist Shlykov (1-4, 6-11 series)
• Maxim Konovalov - a guy on thieves raspberries
• Alexandra Chichkova - nurse Galina
• Nadezhda Markina - mistress
• Olga Kalashnikova - Nurse of the Light (4-6.9-11 series)
• Vladimir Kashpur - Zimyanin (7 episode)
• Kirill Pletnev - Dubinin (1-2 series)
• Timothy Tribuntsev - Chudilin (6-11 series)
• Alexey Pushkin - captain Alexander Vladimirovich Sazonov (1.7 series)
• Maxim Litovchenko - Victor Kobylko (1-4.6 series)
• Vladimir Kapustin - George Tochilin (1-5 series)
• Mikhail Eremeev - Rodyansky
• Alexander Nikiforov - Anatoly Petrovich Muranov (1-4 series)
• Vladimir Toptsov - Colonel Ivan Ivanovich Telyatnikov
• Sergey Tsepov - Ogloblin (1-4.6 series)
• Sergey Perelygin - Semyon Yakovlevich Dronsky (4.6-11 series)
• Maxim Drozd - Stepan Bulyga (6-11 series)
• Vladimir Yavorsky - Yuri Grigoryevich Balyasin, company
• Natalya Ishutina - Zoya ( Episode 7)
• Gregory-Said Bagov - Major General Chepurov, Head of the Special Department of the Army (Series 7-10)
• Vladimir Priezhev - Ryabinin
• Alexey Goryachev - Investigator Captain Kurygin (episode 8-9)
• Mikhail Dementiev - driver Tolyan (9 series)
• Tagir Rakhimov - Mustafa Kulegenov
• David Khugaev - Idris Akhilgov (10-11 series)
• Anatoly Goryachev - lieutenant colonel Zubarev
• Dmitry Medvedev - a German soldier who drank with Glymov (9-10 series)
• Mikhail Krylov - Stepan Shutov (3-5 series)
• Vasily Mishchenko - Rodion Svetlichny
• Alexey Oshurkov - company commander Shilkin Sergey Viktorovich (6-11 series)
• Oleg Valkman - thief Miron (7 series)
• Shota Gamisoniya - Vakhtang Mikeladze (3 episode)
• Olga Degtyareva - Katyusha
• Nikolay Isakov
• Nadezhda Kamenkovich - Nadezhda, daughter of Katerina
• Ivan Lapin - translator
• Alexander Myakushko - Peter Voskoboinikov
• Andrey Nevraev - head of training courses, lieutenant
• Alexander Turcan - prisoner Semyon Drozhkin
• Irina Kareva - head nurse
• Kirill Burdikhin - captured Red Army man
• Grigory Bagrov - penalty Crane
• Mikhail Lukashov - Valery Shalnov
• Andrey Tubelis - captured Red Army man
• Igor Mescherin - German Colonel
• Georgy Shakhet - military doctor in the hospital
• Valentin Varetsky - German general
• Dmitry Lyamochkin - Lapikov
• Oleg Mazurov - Stepan
• Maxim Zykov - captured Red Army man
• Mikhail Samokhvalov - lieutenant colonel, head of the prison
• Vitaliy Zikora - surgeon
• Nikolai Tochilin - Colonel, Head of Intelligence
• Ivan Timchenko - Stepan
• Gennady Podshivalov - foreman in the hospital
• Kirill Boltaev - Andrey Rubashkin (4-5 series)
• Василий Дахненко — капитан Генрих Бенхов, пленный немецкий офицер (5 серия)
• Дмитрий Бобров — комбат Головачёв Андрей Сергеевич (9-10 серия)
• Леонид Громов — следователь капитан Сычёв (1 серия)
• Александр Чернявский — капитан НКВД
• Мария Шашлова — Маша
• Евгений Косырев — повар с перевязанной головой
• Денис Курочка — пленённый немецкий солдат
• Юрий Пономаренко — старший лейтенант артиллерии
• Евгений Сологалов — майор Андрей Витальевич, был представлен к званию Героя СССР
• Екатерина Директоренко — Валентина
• Павел Мисаилов (эпизод, в титрах не указан)
• Владислав Котлярский — Белянов

На роль Цукермана режиссёр фильма изначально пригласил известного российского юмориста Максима Галкина , но под давлением руководства Первого канала Галкин вынужден был отказаться от этой роли .

• Автор сценария: Эдуард Володарский
• Режиссёр: Николай Досталь
• Оператор-постановщик: Алексей Родионов
• Художник-постановщик: Алим Матвейчук
• Композитор: Алексей Шелыгин
• Продюсер: Николай Досталь

Телесериал был отмечен на следующих конкурсах и фестивалях:

• Финалист конкурса ТЭФИ-2005 в пяти номинациях ^[2] .
• Победитель конкурса ТЭФИ-2005 в номинации «Телевизионный художественный сериал» ^[3] .
• Лучший телевизионный художественный фильм, награда «Золотой меч», II международный фестиваль военного кино имени Ю. Н. Озерова, 2004 год ^[4] .
• Лучший сценарий к фильму, II международный фестиваль военного кино имени Ю. Н. Озерова, 2004 год ^[4] .
• Исполнение главной роли, диплом жюри, II международный фестиваль военного кино имени Ю. Н. Озерова, 2004 год ^[4] .

Зрительские рейтинги:

• Ruskino.ru: 3,404 из 6 — 23636 голосов ^[5] .
• IMDb : 7,1 из 10 — 768 голосов ^[6] .

В личном звонке режиссёру телесериала «Штрафбат» Николай Губенко сказал, что несмотря на некоторые идеологические и политические претензии к сценарию, он считает, что это памятник русскому солдату ^[7] .

Российский военный историк, доктор исторических наук, генерал армии Махмут Гареев подверг телесериал критике:

«Такие фильмы, как „Штрафбат“ — это своеобразный политический, идеологический заказ. Надо вдолбить в головы современной молодёжи, что Победу ковали не маршалы Жуковы и рядовые Матросовы, а уголовники, и тем самым если не умалить, то определённым образом принизить её значение в умах нынешнего поколения» ^[8] .

Кроме этого, Гареев М. А. отмечает в телесериале ряд исторических ошибок и неточностей: « в штрафбате никаких уголовников, равно как и политических заключённых, просто не могло быть. Из уголовников формировали штрафные роты. Командовали штрафными подразделениями только кадровые офицеры. <…> Все штрафные подразделения составляли не более 1,5 % от всей численности действующей армии » ^[8] .

В аннотации к книге доктора исторических наук Юрия Рубцова «Новая книга о штрафбатах» звучит обвинение сериала в том, что он « старательно протаскивает мысль, что штрафники-де „выиграли войну“ » ^[9] .

Станислав Говорухин в интервью Дмитрию Гордону :

Пару лет назад в Кремле на разводе почетного караула ко мне подошел чуть ли не в слезах маршал одного из родов войск. «Вы „Штрафбат“ видели? — возмущенно спросил. — И что скажете?».- «Безобразие, конечно», — ему ответил. Он: «Ну как же можно так искажать? Что, у них консультантов не было? Разве они не знают, что командир штрафного батальона не мог быть штрафником? Это были кадровые офицеры, и комиссары у них ни в коем случае не могли штрафниками быть, и никогда штрафников не посылали в тыл врага за языком, и никаких ранений жутких там быть не могло, потому что после первой же царапины боец возвращался в полк, как смывший свою вину кровью. Какой там мог быть поп, откуда? Ну сколько можно эту развесистую клюкву втюхивать!». Все это ложь — и снято, естественно, плохо. ^[ten]

В июне 2013 года создатель фильма Николай Досталь обратился с открытым письмом к Генеральному директору ВГТРК Олегу Добродееву по поводу демонстрации «Штрафбата» на канале «Россия-1». По словам Досталя, по всему фильму вырезались отдельные крепкие слова и словечки, вырезались грубо, «по живому», даже из песни штрафников-уголовников ^[11] . Были сокращены несколько сексуальных сцен. Досталь заявил, что «всех случаев неуважительного отношения к авторам фильма не перечислить» и что он испытал «чувство горечи и стыда за такую грубую, мелочную и ханжескую цензуру » ^[12] .

Производство: кинокомпания «МакДос» при участии киностудии «Эталон-фильм».

Художественный фильм ТВ, цветной.

Прокатное удостоверение № 211026504 от 03 июня 2004 г.

• Первый показ по центральному ТВ: 2004 г.
• Издание на DVD: 2 DVD, звук 5.1, PAL, 5-я зона, без субтитров, издатель: «Медиатека Паблишинг», 2005 г.
• Издание на VHS: 4 VHS, звук 2.0, PAL, издатель: «Медиатека Паблишинг».
• Издание на mpeg4: 6 CD, издатель «Топ индастри».

• Штрафные воинские подразделения

«Штрафбат» (англ.) на сайте Internet Movie Database