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Zavetnoe (Bakhchisarai district)

Zavetnoe (until 1948 - Alma-Kermen ; Ukrainian Zavіtne , Crimean-Tat. Alma Kermen, Alma Kermen ) - a village in the Bakhchisarai district of the Republic of Crimea , as part of the Postal settlement (according to the administrative-territorial division of Ukraine - the Postal Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea )

Village
Treasured
Ukrainian Zavіtne , Crimean Tat. Alma kermen
A countryRussia / Ukraine [1]
RegionRepublic of Crimea [2] / Autonomous Republic of Crimea [3]
AreaBakhchisarai district
CommunityPostal postal settlement [2] / Postal postal council [3]
History and Geography
First mention961
Former namesuntil 1948 - Alma-Kermen
Square0.18 km²
Center height151 m
TimezoneUTC + 3
Population
Population↘ 472 [4] people ( 2014 )
Official languageCrimean Tatar , Ukrainian , Russian
Digital identifiers
Telephone code+7 36554 [5]
Postcode298420 [6] / 98420
OKATO Code
OKTMO Code35604402106
COATUU code120455601

Current status

In Zavetnoye there are 4 streets and 2 lanes [7] , the area occupied by the village is 17.6 hectares, in which, in 145 yards, according to the council for 2009, there were 440 inhabitants, previously it was one of the branches of the state farm named after Chkalov [8] . In the village there is a feldsher-midwife station [9] and several shops.

Population

Population
2001 [10]2014 [4]
486↘ 472

The 2001 All-Ukrainian Census showed the following distribution by native speakers [11] :

TongueThe number of inhabitants.Percent
Russian25552,47
Crimean Tatar15732,3
Ukrainian5811.93
Armenianfour0.82

Population Dynamics

  • 1805 - 60 people [12]
  • 1864 - 28 people. [13]
  • 1887 - 63 people [14]
  • 1892 - 28 people. [15]
  • 1902 - 25 people [sixteen]
  • 1915 - 0/65 people. [17] [18]
  • 1926 - 100 people. [nineteen]
  • 1939 - 407 people [20]
  • 1989 - 433 people. [20]
  • 2001 - 486 people. [21]
  • 2009 - 445 people [22]
  • 2014 - 472 people [23]

Geography

It is located in the north of the district on the left bank of the Alma River, in its middle course, at the foot of Mount Libekir [24] , one of the peaks of the Third Ridge of the Crimean Mountains . The distance to the district center is about 26 kilometers (along the highway) [25] , to Simferopol - about 23 kilometers [26] . The nearest railway station is a platform of 1486 km , located 2 km. Neighboring villages: Samokhvalovo in the southeast and Novovasilyevka in the north, about 1 km, Pochtovoye in 1.5 km and Growing in 2.5 km. The height of the village center above sea level is 151 m [27] . Transport communication is carried out along the regional highway 35Н-070 Pochtovoe - Samokhvalovo from the highway 35Н-019 Novopavlovka - Peschanoe [28] (according to the Ukrainian classification - С-0-10232 [29] ).

 
View from the east

Title

The original name of the village is Alma-Kermen (Alma-Kermen). Alma is the name of the river on which the village is located, and Kermen in Crimean Tatar means “fortress” - “Alminskaya fortress”. Peter Keppen in his work “On the Antiquities of the South Coast of Crimea and the Tauride Mountains” directly indicated the origin of the name from the remains of an ancient fortress on the outskirts of the village and noted that local Tatars called it simply Kala [30] .

History

The first mention of the name Alma-Kermen, according to historians, dates back to the second half of the 10th century — no later than 961 (“A response letter from the Khazar Tsar Joseph ”, Wide Edition) [31] , but the village is much older. According to the results of archaeological excavations of the settlement , conducted since 1954 on the outskirts of the village, it was established that the settlement existed from the end of the VI century BC. e., and from the II century BC. e. Scythians appeared on it, which, after the Diophantine Wars, built a small fortress [32] .

From the 1st to the 3rd century, Roman troops were in the fortress - one of the detachments of the 11th Clavdiev Legion , which was part of the Kherson garrison [33] .

In Russian sources, the village was first mentioned in the cameral description of Crimea in 1784 as the village of Bakchi-Sarai kaymakanism of Bakche-Sarai kadylik Elma Kirmen [34] and in the warrant of Prince Potyomkin on March 14, 1787 on the organization of the trip of Catherine II to Taurida , where one of the stopping points Alma Kermen was designated 11 versts before Bakhchisarai [35] . After the annexation of Crimea to Russia (8) April 19, 1783 [36] , (8) February 19, 1784, by the registered decree of Catherine II to the Senate , the Tauride Region was formed on the territory of the former Crimean Khanate and the village was assigned to Simferopol uezd [37] . After the Pavlovsky reforms, from 1796 to 1802, it was part of the Akmechet district of Novorossiysk province [38] . According to the new administrative division, after the creation of the Tauride province on October 8 (20), 1802 [39] , Alma-Kermen was included in the Aktachi volost of Simferopol district.

In 1805, according to the Bulletin of all villages in Simferopol Uyezd, consisting of a rural municipality with the number of households and souls ... dated October 9, 1805, 15 households were recorded in Alma Kermen , in which 60 Crimean Tatars lived [12] , in military topographic map of Major General Mukhin in 1817 in the village of Alma-Kermen marked only 7 yards [40] . After the reform of the volost division of 1829, Alma-Kermen, according to the “Vedomosti on state volosts of the Tauride province of 1829”, was assigned to the Yashlav volost (renamed from Aktachinsky) [41] . Apparently, the Tatars left the village for Turkey during numerous emigrations of the beginning of the 19th century [42] , since on the map of 1842 it is already marked with the symbol “small village”, that is, less than 5 courtyards (although there is a mosque) [43] .

In the 1860s, after the Zemstvo reform of Alexander II , the village was assigned to the Mangush volost . In the “List of Populated Places of the Tauride Province according to the Information of 1864” , compiled according to the results of the VIII revision of 1864, Alma-Kermen , the 2nd police camp of Simferopol Uyezd, is the owner of the Tatar village, with 6 courtyards, 28 residents and a mosque by the Alma River [ 13] , on the three-verst map of 1865-1876, 9 yards are indicated, but at the same time farms of new landowners grow around [44] . According to the "Memorial Book of the Tauride Province of 1889" , according to the results of the X revision of 1887, there were 14 yards and 63 inhabitants in the village [14] .

 
View from the west

After the Zemstvo reform of 1890 [45], the village was assigned to the Tav-Badrak volost . By this time, a completely non-Muslim population had developed in the village — possibly a consequence of mass emigration after the Crimean War of 1853-1856 [46] ; on the milestone map of 1890 in Alma-Kermen 6 yards with Russian residents are indicated [47] .

According to the "... Memorial Book of the Tauride Province for 1892" , in the village of Alma-Kermen, which was part of the Biyuk-Yashlavsky rural society , there were 28 inhabitants in 8 households, all landless [15] . According to the "... Memorial Book of the Tauride Province for 1902" , by this year the village was expelled from the rural community and attributed directly to the volost and it included 25 landless residents in 2 yards [16] . According to the Statistical Directory of the Tauride Province. Part II. Statistical essay, issue six of Simferopol Uyezd, 1915 , in the village of Alma-Kermen, Tav-Bodrak volost of Simferopol Uyezd, there were 5 yards with a Russian population of 65 people of “outsiders” residents, all landless. The farms had 36 horses, 58 oxen and 18 cows [17] , including the savings of Chabovsky Alma-Kermen and 8 private gardens of various owners assigned to the village (together with Vikentievka ) [48] .

After the establishment of Soviet power in Crimea, according to the decree of the Krymrevkom of January 8, 1921 [49] , the volost system was abolished and the village was included in the newly created Podgorodne-Petrovsky district of Simferopol district, and in 1922 the districts were called districts [50] . On October 11, 1923, according to the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the administrative division of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was amended, as a result of which the Podgorodne-Petrovsky district was liquidated and Simferopolsky formed and the village was included in its composition [51] . According to the List of settlements of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic according to the All-Union Census on December 17, 1926 , in the village of Alma-Kermen of the Bazarchik village council of Simferopol district, there were 21 households, 20 of them were peasant, the population was 100 people (55 men and 45 women). In national terms, it is taken into account: 97 Russians, 2 Greeks, 1 Ukrainian [19] . The time of re-subordination of the village to the Bakhchisaray district has not yet been precisely determined, perhaps this is the result of the decree “On the reorganization of the network of regions of the Crimean ASSR” of October 30, 1930 [52] . According to the All-Union Census of 1939, 407 people lived in the village [20] .

In 1944, after the liberation of the Crimea from the Nazis, on August 12, 1944, Resolution No. GOKO-6372c “On the resettlement of collective farmers to the Crimea” was adopted, according to which 6,000 collective farmers were planned to resettle [53] and in September 1944 the first new settlers arrived in the district (2146 families) from the Oryol and Bryansk regions of the RSFSR, and in the early 1950s a second wave of immigrants from various regions of Ukraine followed [54] . Since June 25, 1946 Alma-Kermen as part of the Crimean region of the RSFSR [55] . Alma-Kermen received the modern name, according to the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR in 1948 [56] . April 26, 1954 the Crimean region was transferred from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR [57] . When Zavetnoe was reassigned [to the Plodovsky village council it has not yet been established: on June 15, 1960 the village was listed in its composition [58] , and in 1968 - again in the structure of Pochtovsky [59] . According to the 1989 census , 433 people lived in the village [20] . Since February 12, 1991, a village in the restored Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic [60] , on February 26, 1992, was renamed the Autonomous Republic of Crimea [61] . Since March 21, 2014 - as part of the Republic of Crimea of ​​Russia [62] .

Notes

  1. ↑ This settlement is located on the territory of the Crimean peninsula , most of which is the subject of territorial disagreements between Russia , which controls the disputed territory, and Ukraine , within the borders of which the disputed territory is recognized by the international community. According to the federal structure of Russia , the subjects of the Russian Federation are located in the disputed territory of Crimea - the Republic of Crimea and the city ​​of federal significance Sevastopol . According to the administrative division of Ukraine , the regions of Ukraine are located in the disputed territory of Crimea - the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city ​​with special status Sevastopol .
  2. ↑ 1 2 According to the position of Russia
  3. ↑ 1 2 According to the position of Ukraine
  4. ↑ 1 2 2014 Census. The population of the Crimean Federal District, urban districts, municipalities, urban and rural settlements (Neopr.) . Date of treatment September 6, 2015. Archived on September 6, 2015.
  5. ↑ New Bakhchisaray phone code, how to call to Bakhchisaray from Russia, Ukraine (Neopr.) . Directory of rest in the Crimea. Date of treatment June 21, 2016.
  6. ↑ Order of Rossvyaz of March 31, 2014 No. 61 “On the Assignment of Postal Codes to Postal Facilities”
  7. ↑ Crimea, Bakhchisarai District, Cherished (neopr.) . CLADR RF. Date of treatment December 28, 2014.
  8. ↑ Cities and villages of Ukraine, 2009 , Postal Council.
  9. ↑ Documents (unspecified) (inaccessible link) . govuadocs.com.ua. Date of treatment January 18, 2015. Archived on October 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Ukraine. 2001 Census (neopr.) . Date of treatment September 7, 2014. Archived on September 7, 2014.
  11. ↑ Rozpodil population beyond my river, Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Ukrainian) (inaccessible link - history ) . State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Date of treatment October 26, 2014.
  12. ↑ 1 2 Lashkov F.F. Vedomosti about all villages in Simferopol Uyezd consisting of an indication in which the volost is the number of yards and souls ... dated October 9, 1805. Page 85 // Proceedings of the Tauride Scientific Commission, vol. 26 .. - Simferopol: Tauride Provincial Printing House, 1897.
  13. ↑ 1 2 Tauride province. List of settlements according to 1864 43 (unopened) . St. Petersburg. Karl Wolfe Printing House. Date of treatment November 12, 2014.
  14. ↑ 1 2 Werner K.H. 1889. Memorial book of the Tauride province. The collection of statistical information on the Tauride province, volume 9. Alphabetical list of villages (neopr.) (Inaccessible link) . Simferopol. Printing house of the newspaper Crimea .. Date of treatment November 19, 2014. Archived on October 6, 2014.
  15. ↑ 1 2 Calendar and commemorative book of the Tauride province for 1892. Page 70 (unopened) (inaccessible link) . Simferopol. Tauride Provincial Printing House. Date of treatment November 26, 2014. Archived on October 6, 2014.
  16. ↑ 1 2 Tauride Provincial Statistical Committee. Calendar and Memorial Book of the Tauride Province for 1902. Page 126-127 (unopened) (unreachable link) . Simferopol. Tauride Provincial Printing House .. Date of access November 29, 2014. Archived on October 6, 2014.
  17. ↑ 1 2 Part 2. Issue 6. List of settlements. Simferopol Uyezd // Statistical Handbook of the Tauride Province / comp. F.N. Andrievsky; under the editorship of M.E. Benenson. - Simferopol, 1915 .-- S. 84.
  18. ↑ The first figure is the ascribed population, the second is temporary.
  19. ↑ 1 2 Collective of authors (Crimean CSB). List of settlements of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic according to the All-Union Census of December 17, 1926. . - Simferopol: Crimean Central Statistical Bureau., 1927. - P. 122, 123. - 219 p. Archived March 11, 2016.
  20. ↑ 1 2 3 4 R. Muzafarov. Crimean Tatar Encyclopedia. - Vatan, 1993 .-- T. 1 / A - K /. - 424 p. - 100,000 copies. - ISBN comp., Reg. RCP No. 87-95382.
  21. ↑ with Zavіtne Avtonomna Respublika Krim, Bakhchisaraysky district (Ukrainian) . Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Date of treatment October 30, 2014.
  22. ↑ Cities and villages of Ukraine, 2009 , Postal Council.
  23. ↑ Population of the Crimean Federal District, urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements. (unspecified) . Federal State Statistics Service. Date of treatment November 15, 2016.
  24. ↑ Detailed topographic map of Crimea. (unspecified) . This is Place.ru (1989). Date of treatment December 28, 2014.
  25. ↑ Route Bakhchisaray - Cherished (unopened) (unavailable link) . Dovezuha of the Russian Federation. Date of treatment November 15, 2016. Archived November 16, 2016.
  26. ↑ Route Simferopol - Cherished (unopened) (unavailable link) . Dovezuha of the Russian Federation. Date of treatment November 15, 2016. Archived November 16, 2016.
  27. ↑ Weather forecast for s. Cherished (Crimea) (neopr.) . Weather.in.ua. Date of treatment December 28, 2014.
  28. ↑ On the approval of the criteria for classifying public roads ... of the Republic of Crimea. (unspecified) . Government of the Republic of Crimea (03/11/2015). Date of treatment November 16, 2016.
  29. ↑ List of public roads of local importance of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Neopr.) . Council of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (2012). Date of treatment November 16, 2016.
  30. ↑ Peter Keppen . About the antiquities of the southern coast of Crimea and the Tauride mountains. . - St. Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, 1837. - S. 347. - 417 p.
  31. ↑ Kokovtsov, Pavel Konstantinovich . Jewish-Khazar correspondence in the X century . - Leningrad: Printing house of the USSR Academy of Sciences, 1932. - T. The response letter of the Khazar Tsar Joseph (ending). - XXXVIII + 134 + 4 tab. with. - ISBN 5-7780-0125-8 .
  32. ↑ Vysotskaya Tatyana Nikolaevna. Scythian fortifications . - Simferopol: Tavria, 1989. - T. In the Alma Valley. - 96 p. - ISBN 5-7780-0125-8 . Archived on October 16, 2014. Archived October 16, 2014 on Wayback Machine
  33. ↑ Khrapunov I.N. The population of mountain Crimea in the late Roman time // Bulletin of Ancient History / Askold Ivanchik . - Moscow: Publishing House "Science" , 2016. - T. 76/1. - S. 127. - 240 p. - 353 copies.
  34. ↑ Lashkov F.F. of the Kaymakanstvo and who are the members of the Kaymakan // Cameral description of the Crimea, 1784 . - Simferopol: Bulletin of the Taurida Scientific Archival Commission, 1888. - T. 6.
  35. ↑ Kireenko G.K. On warrants of Prince Potemkin ..., p . 31 . - Proceedings of the Tauride Scientific Archival Commission, 1888. - T. 6.
  36. ↑ Grzhibovskaya, 1999 , Manifesto on the adoption of the Crimean peninsula, Taman Island and the entire Kuban side under the Russian state. 1783 p. 96.
  37. ↑ Grzhibovskaya, 1999 , Decree of Catherine II on the formation of the Tauride Region. February 8, 1784, p. 117.
  38. ↑ About the new division of the State in the Province. (Named given to the Senate.)
  39. ↑ Grzybowska, 1999 , From the Decree of Alexander I to the Senate on the Creation of the Tauride Province, p. 124.
  40. ↑ Map of Mukhin in 1817. (unspecified) . Archaeological map of Crimea. Date of treatment November 8, 2014.
  41. ↑ Grzhibovskaya, 1999 , Bulletin of official volosts of the Tauride province, 1829 p. 128.
  42. ↑ On the issue of the resettlement of Crimean Muslims in Turkey at the end of the 18th – first half of the 19th centuries // Culture of the Black Sea Peoples / Tolochko P. .. - Taurida National Vernadsky University . - Simferopol, 1997. - T. 2. - S. 169—171. - 300 copies.
  43. ↑ Map of Betev and Oberg. Military Topographic Depot, 1842 (neopr.) . Archaeological map of Crimea. Date of treatment November 12, 2014.
  44. ↑ Three-verst map of Crimea VTD 1865-1876. Sheet XXXIII-12-c (neopr.) . Archaeological map of Crimea. Date of treatment November 17, 2014.
  45. ↑ Boris Veselovsky. The history of the zemstvo over forty years. T. 4; History of Zemstvo . - St. Petersburg: Publisher O. N. Popova, 1911.
  46. ↑ National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadsky ( PDF ) (unspecified) ? (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment November 17, 2014. Archived October 19, 2013. National Library of Ukraine named after V.I. Vernadsky (neopr.) . Date of treatment November 17, 2014. Archived October 19, 2013.
  47. ↑ Milestone map of Crimea, end of XIX century Sheet XV-12. (unspecified) . Archaeological map of Crimea. Date of treatment November 21, 2014.
  48. ↑ Grzybowska, 1999 , Statistical Handbook of the Tauride Province. Part 1. Statistical essay, sixth edition of Simferopol Uyezd, 1915, p. 266.
  49. ↑ History of cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR. / P.T. Tronko . - 1974. - T. 12. - S. 521. - 15,000 copies.
  50. ↑ I. M. Sarkizov-Serazini . Population and industry. // Crimea. Guide / I.M.Sarkizov-Serazini. - Moscow-Leningrad: Land and Factory , 1925. - S. 55-88. - 416 p.
  51. ↑ Historical background of the Simferopol region (Neopr.) . Date of treatment May 27, 2013. Archived June 19, 2013.
  52. ↑ Resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR of 10.30.1930 on the reorganization of the network of regions of the Crimean ASSR.
  53. ↑ Decree of the GKO on August 12, 1944 No. GKO-6372s “On the Relocation of Collective Farmers to the Crimea”
  54. ↑ How Crimea was populated (1944–1954). (unopened) (inaccessible link) . Elvina Seitova, graduate student of the Faculty of History, TNU. Date of treatment June 26, 2013. Archived June 30, 2013.
  55. ↑ Law of the RSFSR of 06.25.1946 On the Abolition of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and on the Transformation of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic into the Crimean Region
  56. ↑ Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR of May 18, 1948. (unopened) (inaccessible link - history ) .
  57. ↑ Law of the USSR of 04/26/1954 On the transfer of the Crimean region from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR
  58. ↑ Directory of the administrative-territorial division of the Crimean region on June 15, 1960 / P. Sinelnikov. - Executive Committee of the Crimean Regional Council of Workers' Deputies. - Simferopol: Krimizdat, 1960. - S. 17. - 5000 copies.
  59. ↑ Crimean region. Administrative division on January 1, 1968 / comp. M.M. Panasenko. - Simferopol: Crimea, 1968. - S. 17. - 10,000 copies.
  60. ↑ On the restoration of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (neopr.) . People’s Front "Sevastopol-Crimea-Russia". Date of treatment March 24, 2018.
  61. ↑ Law of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of February 26, 1992 No. 19-1 “On the Republic of Crimea as the official name of the democratic state of Crimea” (neopr.) . Vedomosti of the Supreme Council of Crimea, 1992, No. 5, Art. 194 (1992). Archived January 27, 2016.
  62. ↑ Federal Law of the Russian Federation dated March 21, 2014 No. 6-FKZ “On the Admission to the Russian Federation of the Republic of Crimea and the Formation of New Subjects - the Republic of Crimea and the City of Federal Significance Sevastopol” as a Part of the Russian Federation

Literature

  • Postal council // Cities and villages of Ukraine. Autonomous Republic of Crimea. The city of Sevastopol. Historical and local history essays. - Glory of Sevastopol, 2009.
  • Administrative-territorial transformations in the Crimea. 1783-1998 Handbook / Ed. G. N. Grzhibovskoy . - Simferopol: Tavria-Plus, 1999 .-- 464 p. - ISBN 966-7503-22-4 .
  • Vysotskaya Tatyana Nikolaevna. Some data on agriculture of the late Scythian settlement Alma-Kermen // Brief Communications of the Institute of the History of Material Culture. - 1961. - No. 11 . - ISSN 0130-2620 .

Links

  • with Zavіtne Avtonomna Respublika Krim, Bakhchisaraysky district (Ukrainian) . Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Date of treatment October 30, 2014.
  • Map sheet L-36-116 Bakhchisaray . Scale: 1: 100,000. Status of the terrain for 1984. 1988 edition
  • Map of the Bakhchisaray region of Crimea. Detailed map of Crimea - Bakhchisarai district (Neopr.) (Inaccessible link) . crimea-map.com.ua. Date of treatment October 19, 2014. Archived February 1, 2014.
  • Alma-Kermen (neopr.) . National Preserve of Tauric Chersonesos. Date of treatment December 31, 2014.
Source - https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title= Treasured_ ( Bakhchisarai district )&oldid = 101345523


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