Tokmok (Ukraine)

Several mounds of the Bronze Age (III – II millennium BC) with inlet burials of the Sarmatians (II century BC – III century CE) and medieval nomads have survived on the territory of the city.

From the documents of the mid-18th century the Zaporizhzhya Sich archive is aware of the seasonal placement of Cossack smokers engaged in fishing and hunting in the Tokmak “natural boundary” (floodplain). They were adjacent to the seasonal sheep breeding sites of Crimean Tatars and Armenians, Nogai nomads, which sometimes led to conflicts and judicial complaints from both sides.

The official year of foundation of the city is considered to be 1784, but this is a conditional date dedicated to the conquest of Crimea and the formation of the Tauride region . The settlement of the settlement by relocation of state peasants from the Poltava region took place in 1791-1792. - after the end of the Russian-Turkish war . The village was called Big Tokmok.

In 1796, Tokmak was appointed the center of the Melitopol district of the Tauride region, and the district lower zemsky court, lower reprisal and noble custody were opened in it. In 1797, the Melitopol district was included in the Mariupol district of the Novorossiysk province , whose center again became Tokmok. In 1801, the county center was moved to Orekhov , and Tokmok remained the center of the Bolshetokmak volost . Sloboda Novoaleksandrovka, which in 1842 became the county town of Melitopol , also entered the Bolshetokmak volost in 1814–1829 ^[3] .

In the summer of 1842, a severe fire broke out in Orekhov and administrative institutions were again transferred to B. Tokmak. In the same year, the Berdyansk district was created, which included both Tokmok and Orekhov, which became a provincial city.

During the Crimean War with. Big Tokmak temporarily became the center of Berdyansk district. The wounded were stationed in the village, 281 defenders of Sevastopol were buried here ^[4] .

In 1861, Big Tokmak received the status of a place. Residents of the city were engaged in agriculture, cattle breeding, trade and crafts.

In 1917, the publication of the local newspaper Izvestia Bolshe-Tokmaksky Council of Workers, Soldiers, and Peasants' Deputies began ^[5] .

In 1918, Soviet power was established in Greater Tokmak.

March 23, 1921 Big Tokmok became the center of Velikotokmak district. By resolution of the All-Ukrainian Committee of March 7, 1923, the Velikotokmak District was formed with its center in Greater Tokmak, which became an urban-type settlement.

In 1923, the production of the first tractors in the USSR began at the Tokmak factory “Red Progress” ^[6] .

October 7, 1941 occupied by German troops ^[7] .

During the fascist occupation of 1941-1943. a partisan detachment led by V. G. Akulov and I. K. Shchava and an underground partisan group organized by G. F. Burkut, V. V. Veretennikov, and V. O. Fedyushin were actively operating in the city.

September 20, 1943 the city was liberated from Nazi invaders by the Soviet troops of the Southern Front during the Donbass operation : 2nd Guards Army ( Lieutenant General Zakharov, Georgy Fedorovich ), 4th Guards Mechanized Corps (Lieutenant General Tanaschishin, Trofim Ivanovich ) and the 4th guards. cavalry corps (Lieutenant General Kirichenko, Nikolai Yakovlevich ) ^[7] .

December 30, 1962 the city became known as Tokmok.

The name of the location on the river. Tokmok . Hydronym from Turkic täkmäk "pour". One should also take into account the possibility of the formation of Tokmok from an ethnonym: Tokmok is known - one of the names of the Polovtsians, and Tokmok , Tokmok are tribal names among the Kirghiz, Turkmens ^[8] . Although a more likely version of the Turkic TOKMOK "Club, club, brush."

• YUZHDIZELMASH OJSC ( S. M. Kirov Diesel Construction Plant ) - under liquidation
• CJSC TOKMAK-AGRO
• PJSC Tokmak Forging and Stamping Plant (TKShZ)
• Tokmak Building Materials Plant "Strokeramika"
• CJSC Tokmak Plant Progress
• LLC Tokmak Ferroalloy Company
• LLC Tokmak Solar Energy

In the city are the city house of culture, the city department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the city museum of local lore, 2 libraries for adults and one children’s, children's music and art school.

The choir of the Ukrainian song “Tavrian Dawns”, the folklore ensemble “Veselka”, the pop dance ensemble “Aelita” have the title “folk”, and the children's dance ensemble “Dinosaur” has the title “exemplary”.

There are 3 newspapers in the city, FM broadcasting is working.

The city has an educational institution where you can get a higher education: Tokmak Mechanical College of Zaporizhzhya National Technical University. There are also 10 schools, 8 kindergartens. Tokmak Training and Consulting Center of the National University of Shipbuilding was opened.

There is a center for children and youth creativity.

City secondary school No. 2 is named after the Hero of the Soviet Union A.N. Kot.

• Bezruchko, Marko Danilovich - military leader, coronet general of the UPR Army.
• Denisenko, Vasily Semenovich (1896-1964) - historian and ethnographer.
• Efimenko, Peter Savvich (1835-1907) - historian and ethnographer.
• Ivchenko, Alexander Georgievich - general designer of KB "Progress" , academician of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Hero of Socialist Labor.
• The cat, Alexei Nikolaevich (1914-1997) - pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union.
• Krasulia, George Andreevich (1929-1996) - opera singer. Honored Artist of the USSR (1974).
• Oberemko, Andrey Alexandrovich - Ukrainian footballer
• Olkhovsky, Grigory Ivanovich (born 1922) - a WWII disabled person living with a bullet wound to the heart.
• Chechet, Grigory Gerasimovich - aircraft designer.
• Etush, Vladimir Abramovich - Soviet and Russian film and theater actor, People's Artist of the USSR.
• Akhrameev, Vasily Nikiforovich - Director of the diesel plant, Honorary Citizen of Tokmak.

• Sergey and Nikolai Radchenko (Radchenko brothers) are Russian performers of songs in the style of “Russian chanson”.
• Hryhoriy Sardak - Ukrainian surgeon, pioneer of vascular surgery.
• Dmitry Dzyuba is a Ukrainian multi-instrumentalist musician.
• Evgeny Astakhov - a popular Ukrainian streamer
• Sidor Kovpak - commander of the legendary partisan detachment, major general, twice Hero of the Soviet Union. In 1921 he was a military commissar in the city.

• Tokmak Portal
• Tokmak Forum
• An article about the history of the city
• Tokmok on Wikimapia
• Tokmak Life and History
• Tokmak Map
• http://www.meriatokmak.gov.ua/ -official portal of the Tokmak City Council

• Tokmok // History of cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR. - K .: Head. ed. Ukrainian Sov. Encyclopedias , 1981. - T. Zaporizhia region. - S. 617-632. - 728 s.