Division , Ship Division, Marine Division [1] (from lat. Divisio - division) - the main tactical formation ( formation , division ) of the fleet of the armed forces of the world states .
Content
History
In the era of sailing ships, the main formation of the fleet was a squadron . The squadron consisted of three divisions: the 1st division - Cordebatalia - was in the center of the battle formation and was led by the admiral (he also commanded the entire squadron); The 2nd — the avant-garde [2] —was located in the head of the combat order, headed by the vice-admiral ; 3rd — rearguard — completed combat order, led by Rear Admiral .
In modern aircraft fleets, squadrons may include several divisions or brigades , separate divisions of mine-sweeping , anti-submarine and small missile ships , submarines of various classes, as well as auxiliary vessels.
In the Russian Imperial Navy, divisions existed from the beginning of the 19th century until its liquidation after the October Revolution . The division of the Russian fleet into divisions was introduced by the Highest approved on February 4, 1891 "Regulations on the management of naval teams on the coast" [1] . The naval crews of the Baltic Fleet of the Naval Forces of Russia were divided into two permanent divisions, the command of which was entrusted to the senior flagships (vice admiral [3] ). The Black Sea crews constituted one Black Sea division, the command over which was entrusted to the senior flagship. For the divisions, St. Andrew's flag flags were set in color: for the first - blue, for the second - white and for the third - red, like a stern .
In 1927–1929 a division of battleships was stationed as part of the Baltic Fleet Naval Forces in the RKKF , later disbanded. Since 1951, there was a large-scale formation of divisions in the Navy of the USSR [4] .
As part of the US Navy, the last division was disbanded in 1974 [4] . There are no divisions in the modern fleets of the world, with the exception of the Russian Navy.
Division Types
Naval Forces of the Russian Empire
The division in the Marine forces of the Russian Empire was a division of the fleet, consisting of several crews under the general command [5] , that is, the connection of several vessels of the same type [6] . The ships and vessels of the operating fleet of the Naval Forces of the Russian Empire were combined into squadrons and detachments . A squadron sometimes consisted of a battleship division (8 ships), cruiser divisions (8 cruisers) or cruiser brigades (4 cruisers), squadron battalions divisions (36 torpedo boats and one cruiser) and / or brigade of destroyer-destroyers and auxiliary ships. Divisions of battleships and cruisers were divided into brigades of 4 ships. Destroyer division - in two brigades in two divisions in the brigade, in 9 ships in the division.
Navy of the USSR Armed Forces
Ships and ships of the Navy of the Armed Forces of the USSR were reduced to the following types of formations:
- division of surface ships ( DNA );
- anti-submarine ships division;
- the division of rocket ships ( DRC );
- cruisers division;
- division submarines ( DPL );
- anti-submarine division ;
- division of destroyers ;
- division of protection of the water area ;
- torpedo boat division ;
- division of amphibious forces ;
- division under construction and repairing ships .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Marine Division // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Avant-garde // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : in 4 t. / Author.-comp. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : M.O. Wolf Typography, 1880–1882.
- ↑ Crew // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 add.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ 1 2 Ship Division // US Civil War - Yokota / [sub total. ed. N.V. Ogarkova ]. - Moscow : Military Publishing House of the USSR Defense Ministry , 1979. - P. 181. - ( Soviet Military Encyclopedia : [in 8 tons.]; 1976-1980, vol. 3).
- ↑ Division // Brockhaus and Efron Small Encyclopedic Dictionary : 4 tons. - SPb. , 1907-1909.
- ↑ Division in the Navy // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 t.] / Ed. VF Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-islands I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
Literature
- Avant-garde // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : in 4 t. / Ed.-comp. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : M.O. Wolf Typography, 1880–1882.
- A. Dolgov , "Essay on the Naval Administration", St. Petersburg. , 1896
- Maritime Division // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 tons. (82 tons and 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Crew // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Division // Brockhaus and Efron Small Encyclopedic Dictionary : 4 tons. - SPb. , 1907-1909.
- Mine Division // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 t.] / Ed. VF Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-islands I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- Division in the Navy // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 t.] / Ed. VF Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-islands I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- Division in the Navy // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 t.] / Ed. VF Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-islands I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- Maritime Dictionary, M. , Military Publishing House of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR , 1959
- Marine Encyclopedic Dictionary, Ld, "Shipbuilding", 1991, ISBN 5-7355-0280-8
- US Civil War - Yokota / [under the total. ed. N.V. Ogarkova ]. - M .: Military Publishing House of the USSR Defense Ministry , 1979. - 678 p. - ( Soviet military encyclopedia : [in 8 tons.]; 1976-1980, vol. 3).