Ars grammatica

Grammar of Donat consists of two parts. The first is most often found under the heading Donati de partibus orationis ars minor (Donat. A brief science of the parts of speech), or briefly Ars Minor (Small Grammar). It contains an overview of eight parts of speech : name, pronoun, verb, adverb, participle, union, preposition and interjection (nomen, pronomen, verbum, adverbium, participium, coniunctio, praepositio, interiectio). It is built in the form of “questions” and “answers”, like a dialogue between a student and a teacher. The student asks a question, and the teacher gives an answer to it. For example: “How many numbers does the name have? “Two: singular and plural.” This part of the Grammar was widely used at the initial stage of teaching the Latin language.

The second part of Donat Grammar is known as Donati grammatici urbis Romae ars grammatica (Donat, the grammar of the city of Rome. Grammar science) or Ars maior (Big grammar). It consists of three books, the first of which is devoted to phonetics , the second to parts of speech , the third to stylistics . Designed for a higher level of training.

“Ars grammatica” (“The Art of Grammar”) Donata was a huge success as a school textbook. In the Middle Ages (from the XVI century and in Russia, it was translated by the famous scribe Dmitry Gerasimov ) Donat grammar was repeatedly rewritten and reprinted as a school textbook, his name became a household name for Latin grammar ( donet , "Donatus"). Donat highlights eight parts of speech . Judging by the little that we know about Roman linguistics, Donat’s grammar is not very original and, obviously, is based on the same sources used by Harisei and Diomedes . However, the manual concisely and successfully sets out the material. This is also the only exclusively textual work that was published in the form of a block book (carved as a woodcut, without the use of moving letters ).

Ars grammatica Diomedes (also known as De oratione et partibus orationis et vario genere metrorum libri III ) is a Latin grammar textbook. It was written in the second half of the 4th century . Dedicated to St. Athanasius . The book is an extensive manual on the main sections of Latin grammar, compiled on the basis of lectures by Diomedes himself and scholarly works. The author used genuine texts of outstanding grammars of the past. Diomedes' work was, however, too cumbersome to be able to form the basis of school grammar teaching. In addition, very contradictory opinions were expressed and made in it. The complete Grammar of Diomedes consists of three books:

• Book I: Eight Parts of Speech;
• Book II: Basic ideas of grammar and stylistics;
• Book III: Poetry, longitude of sound and meter.

Book III is especially valuable for its historical and literary notes, borrowed from the work of De poetica Suetonius . It also contains one of the most comprehensive lists of dactyl hexameter types.

Ars grammatica Diomedes has been fully preserved to this day (although, perhaps, in an abridged version). Nick was first printed. Jenson in the Latin Grammar series in Venice around 1476 . The best edition of this work is Grammatici Latini G. Keil .

• Dictionary of antiquity. Per. with him. - M .: Progress, 1993.- 704 p., Ill.

• “Grammar science in late antiquity and the Middle Ages”
• TEXTBOOK OF LATIN GRAMMAR IN LATE ANTIQUITY
• On-line Latin texts of major Latin grammarians at the Corpus Grammaticorum Latinorum (link not available)

• Ars grammatica . - in Smith 's Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.
• Latin texts of all of Aelius Donatus , including the Ars Minor and all the parts of the Ars Major