Ernst Genrichovich Shakht ( 1904 - 1942 ) - Hero of the Soviet Union ( December 31, 1936 ), Major General of Aviation (1940).
| Ernst Genrikhovich Schacht | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 E. G. Schacht, early 1930s | ||||||
| Date of Birth | April 14, 1904 | |||||
| Place of Birth | Basel , Switzerland | |||||
| Date of death | February 23, 1942 (37 years old) | |||||
| Affiliation |  the USSR | |||||
| Type of army |  Air force | |||||
| Years of service | 1923 - 1941 | |||||
| Rank | Major General Aviation  | |||||
| Battles / wars | The battles with the Basmachi in Central Asia , Spanish Civil War | |||||
| Awards and prizes |
| |||||
Content
Biography
Born April 14, 1904 in the city of Basel ( Switzerland ). German. In 1918-1921 he worked as a painter's assistant, apprentice electrician at the factory.
Since 1918 he was engaged in political activities, was a member of the Communist Youth League (KSM) of Switzerland. In July-November 1921 - technical secretary of the Central Committee of KSM Switzerland, from November 1921 - representative of the Central Committee of KSM Switzerland at the Berlin Bureau of the Communist International of Youth (KIM). Due to political persecution in April 1922 he emigrated to the USSR.
In 1922-1923 he worked as an electrician in the International Working Committee for Starving in Moscow.
In the army since May 1923. In 1924 he graduated from the Borisoglebsk Military Aviation School of Pilots, in 1925 - the Higher School of Aerial Firing and Bombing ( Serpukhov city). He served in the combat units of the Air Force (in the Moscow Military District ).
From December 1926 to December 1931 he participated in the elimination of Basmachi as a flight commander of the 35th squadron and the 37th squadron ( Central Asian Military District ). In 1929, for the courage and heroism shown in these sorties, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
In 1931 he graduated from advanced training courses for commanding officers at the N.E. Zhukovsky Air Force Academy . Since December 1931, he was the commander of the Special Forces Squadron, which was based at the Central Airfield in Moscow and was engaged in the transportation of the top command staff of the Red Army. In May 1936 he was awarded the Order of Lenin for high performance in flight training.
Member of the hostilities in Spain from September 1936 to February 1937. Initially, he trained Spanish pilots at the Alcala de Henares airfield, and since October 1936 he commanded the 1st bomber air squadron. On October 28, 1936, the squadron under his command made the first combat flight of the aircraft to bomb the fascist positions. In total, he made several dozen sorties in Spain on a SB bomber.
By decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on December 31, 1936, Major Shacht Ernst Genrikhovich for the courage and heroism shown in the performance of military duty, was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin. After the establishment of the mark of special distinction, he was awarded the Gold Star medal No. 15.
Since June 1937, he was the head of the Lipetsk Higher Flight and Tactical School (in 1938 it was reorganized into the Lipetsk Higher Aviation Improvement Courses).
Since August 1939 - Head of the Ryazan Higher Air Force Improvement Courses. In 1940 he graduated from the Higher Academic Courses at the Military Academy of the General Staff . In April 1940 he was appointed commander of the 167th reserve aviation regiment ( Ryazan city), in which the technique of "blind" flights was perfected. Since November 1940 - Deputy Commander of the Air Force of the Oryol Military District for higher educational institutions.
On May 30, 1941, he was arrested "as a German spy and participant in an anti-Soviet military conspiracy, transmitting to the Germans spy information about Soviet aircraft construction." On February 13, 1942, by a resolution of the Special Meeting of the NKVD of the USSR, he was sentenced to capital punishment and executed on February 23, 1942.
Posthumously rehabilitated in 1955. The burial place is unknown. A cenotaph is installed at the Vvedensky cemetery in Moscow.
Rewards
- Hero of the Soviet Union (12.31.1936)
- 2 orders of Lenin (05.25.1936, 12.31.1936)
- Order of the Red Banner (1929)
- medal "XX years of the Red Army" (1938)
Literature
- Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary / Prev. ed. collegium I. N. Shkadov . - M .: Military Publishing , 1988. - T. 2 / Love - Yashchuk /. - 863 s. - 100,000 copies. - ISBN 5-203-00536-2 .
- T. Bortakovsky, Shot Heroes of the Soviet Union. - M. Veche, 2012 - ISBN 978-5-9533-6190-3
- Cherushev N.S. , Cherushev Yu.N. The executed elite of the Red Army (commanders of the 1st and 2nd ranks, comkors, divisional commanders and their equal): 1937-1941. Biographical Dictionary. - M .: Kuchkovo field; Megapolis, 2012 .-- S. 473-474. - 496 p. - 2000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9950-0217-8 .
Links
Mine, Ernst Genrikhovich . Site " Heroes of the country ".