Fedor Krause ( March 10, 1857 - September 20, 1937 ) - German surgeon , one of the founders of German neurosurgery. It is best known for the use of electrical stimulation in the surgical treatment of epilepsy and an attempt to create a functional map of the cerebral cortex.
| Fedor Krause | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | March 10, 1857 |
| Place of Birth | Friedland (now Korfantow , Poland ), Upper Silesia Prussia |
| Date of death | September 20, 1937 (aged 80) |
| A place of death | Bad Gastein Salzburg Austria |
| A country |  Prussia  German Empire  Germany  Germany |
| Scientific field | Surgery , Neurosurgery |
| Place of work | Department of Surgery , Halle University , Frankfurt University , Hamburg Hospital, Augusta Hospital in Berlin |
| Alma mater | Humboldt University of Berlin |
| supervisor | Richard von Volkman |
| Famous students | Emil Heymann |
| Known as | surgeon, one of the pioneers of German neurosurgery |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 Scientific activities
- 3 Memory
- 4 Main works
- 5 Literature
Biography
Born March 10, 1857 in Friedland (now Korfantow , Poland ) - Upper Silesia . He died on September 20, 1937 in Bad Gastein .
Initially, Fedor Krause studied music at the Berlin Conservatory , but then switched to medicine , enrolling at the Humboldt University of Berlin . In 1883 he became an assistant to Richard von Volkmann ( 1830 - 1889 ) in the surgical department of the Halle University Hospital . Subsequently, he worked as a pathologist at the University of Frankfurt ( 1890 - 1892 ), as a surgeon at the Hamburg Hospital ( 1892 - 1900 ), and then as the head of the surgical department of the August Hospital in Berlin . In 1901, he became an associate professor at the University of Berlin. In Berlin, he worked closely with the famous German neurologist Oppenheim ( 1858 - 1919 ).
During the First World War, first served as a consultant surgeon, and then was sent to Latin America , where he conducted training on the basics of neurosurgery.
In 1931, Krause moved away from medicine and devoted the rest of his life to the study of art and music.
Scientific activity
- Krause developed a technique for transplanting free skin grafts (Krause flap) in plastic surgery .
- One of the founders of the surgical treatment of epilepsy . Krause distinguished 2 forms of epilepsy - genuin and focal. Treatment of focal epilepsy involved the removal of an epileptic focus. In 1912, he published a paper in which he described the results of surgical treatment of 96 patients with focal epilepsy. A feature of his operations was the use of electrical stimulation. Made an attempt to map the brain . It should be noted that subsequently Penfield , using a similar technique on the material of patients with epilepsy, created functional maps of the cerebral cortex . During his work, Krause performed about 400 operations for epilepsy. Based on his experience, he developed the principle “The sooner focal epilepsy is operated on, the better”
- F. Krause in 1909 first performed the removal of sequestered herniation of the intervertebral disc . Together with Oppenheim, he published a paper in which he described the course of the operation - transdural removal of a herniated disc.
- In 1893, Krause carried out the first complete extirpation of the gasser node with extradural access for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia . The technique he developed was called the “Krause operation”, and subsequently after the Hartley modification, the “Hartley-Krause operation”.
- He made a great contribution to the development of neurosurgical technology and access to many intracranial formations. In 1898, a patient turned to him with complaints of noise in the ear . This led him to the idea that the auditory nerve can be cut similarly to the trigeminal one . Osteoplastic trepanation of the posterior cranial fossa was performed in the position of the patient sitting. Thus, it was possible to access the auditory nerve. The successful removal in 1900 of a bullet from the roof of the right orbit served as an incentive for the transformation of access to the pituitary gland .
- Krause offered a variety of techniques and tools. Since 1908, he began to use suction to remove a brain tumor . Already in 1911 he warned of the danger of lumbar puncture with increased intracranial pressure and described the advantage of ventricular drainage in such cases.
- He made a great contribution to the development of techniques for removing tumors of the brain and spinal cord. The novelty and unstudied nature of this problem at that time was evidenced by the fact that out of 109 patients operated on in 1907 with brain tumors, two thirds died, and the mortality rate among re-operated patients was 21% (data from the manual by F. Krause “Brain and Spinal Surgery ").
Memory
The German Association of Neurosurgeons for their outstanding contribution to neurosurgery presents the Fedor Krause medal.
Major works
- Tuberculosis of bones and joints (Die Tuberkulose der Knochen und Gelenke) (1891)
- On the use of large free skin grafts for plastic surgery (Über die Verwendung großer ungestielter Hautlappen zu plastischen Zwecken) (1896)
- Brain and Spinal Surgery (Chirurgie des Gehirns und Rückenmarks) (1907) (translated into English and French)
- Oppenheim H., Krause F. Über Einklemmung bzw. Strangulation der cauda equine. Deutsch Med Wochenschr 1909: 35: 697-700 (article which first describes the removal of a herniated disc)
- Surgical technique of operations on the head (Chirurgische Operationslehre des Kopfes) (1912, 1914)
- General surgery of brain diseases, together with Haymann in 2 volumes (Die allgemeine Chirurgie der Gehirnkrankheiten) (1914)
- Textbook of Surgery (Lehrbuch der chirurgischen Operationen) (1914) (translated into Russian, English and Spanish)
Literature
Likhterman B. L. Neurosurgery: the formation of surgical discipline. - M. , 2007 .-- S. 163-165.