The lateral ventricles of the brain ( lat. Ventriculi laterales ) are cavities in the brain containing cerebrospinal fluid , the largest in the ventricular system of the brain . The left lateral ventricle is considered the first, the right - the second. The lateral ventricles communicate with the third ventricle through interventricular (monroe) openings. They are located below the corpus callosum , symmetrically on the sides of the midline. In each lateral ventricle, the front (frontal) horn, the body (central part), the posterior (occipital) and lower (temporal) horns are distinguished.
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Anatomy
Above and in front, the anterior horn is bounded by the frontal parts of the radiance of the corpus callosum. The outer wall of the front horn is the head of the caudate nucleus . On the medial (inner) side, the front horns are bounded from each other by a slit-like transparent septum formed by transparent plates. In the posterior sections of the anterior horns, there are interventricular (Monroe) openings connecting the lateral ventricles to the third.
Posteriorly, the anterior horn continues with the body (central part) of the lateral ventricle located under the parietal part of the radiance of the corpus callosum. The central part is bounded below by the upper surface of the thalamus and the body of the caudate nucleus.
The posterior (occipital) horn is narrow, slit-like, located in the occipital lobe of the cerebral hemisphere. Its inner wall is concave due to the protrusion of the furrow of a bird's spur into its lumen. Above and outside, the horn is bounded by the fibers of the corpus callosum (tapetum), behind - by the substance of the occipital lobe.
The lateral horn is a continuation of the temporal lobe of the body and the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle. Above and outside, the temporal horn is limited by the tapetum, from the inside by the hippocampus . The bottom of the lower horn is a lateral (collateral) triangle [2] .
Clinical Importance
It is known that the volume of the lateral ventricles increases with age, as well as in many diseases (within the framework of hydrocephalus ). On average, the lateral ventricles are wider in individuals with schizophrenia [3] and bipolar disorder . [four]
Illustrations
Overview image of the lateral ventricles, from above.
The central part, the front and rear horns of the lateral ventricles, on top.
Coronal section through the posterior horns of the lateral ventricles.
Coronal section through the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles.
Lateral section of the human brain.
The projection of the ventricles of the brain on its surface.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Foundational Model of Anatomy
- ↑ Side ventricles
- ↑ Wright IC, Rabe-Hesketh S., Woodruff PW, David AS, Murray RM, Bullmore ET Meta-analysis of regional brain volumes in schizophrenia (English) // American Journal of Psychiatry : journal. - 2000 .-- January ( vol. 157 , no. 1 ). - P. 16-25 . - PMID 10618008 .
- ↑ Kempton, MJ, Geddes, JR, Ettinger, U. et al. (2008). " Meta-analysis, Database, and Meta-regression of 98 Structural Imaging Studies in Bipolar Disorder ," Archives of General Psychiatry , 65: 1017-1032 see also MRI database at www.bipolardatabase.org .
Literature
- Lateral ventricles // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 tons (82 tons and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.