The Great Pensioner ( Dutch Raadpensionaris ) is one of the highest officials in the Republic of the United Provinces , the first official and legal adviser both from the province of Holland and from the province of Zealand .
Pensioner or pensioner , formerly a “city lawyer” - in large and eligible old cities of the Netherlands, an official holding the same position in the city council as a great pensioner or town pensioner (and until 1630 the “Zemstvo lawyer”) held in the provincial states .
The great pensioner of the province of Holland in the General States collected votes, drafted decisions, opened letters addressed to the states, negotiated with foreign ambassadors and ministers, was in charge of income, maintaining order and generally everything related to the welfare of the province. He participated in the College of Elected Advisers, which held supreme authority between state convocations, and was part of the deputation, which represented the states of the province of Holland in the General States of the United Netherlands. He was elected for five years, and after this term for the most part another five years. He was also a pensioner of the nobility, which, like the city, was part of the provincial states. The Batavian Revolution and the French occupation destroyed the post of pensioner by 1795 ; Napoleon I restored this title for a short time, appointing R. Ya. Schimmelpennink as a pensioner of the Batavian Republic in 1805 .
The great pensioner was often opposed to stathauder : the conflict between Johan van Oldenbarnevelt and Moritz of Orange , as well as Jan de Witt and Wilhelm III of Orange, is well known.
See also
- Stagalter
Literature
- History of the Middle Ages (under the editorship of S.P. Karpov), vol. 2, M., 2005
- Rowen, HH (2003), John de Witt: Statesman of the "True Freedom" , Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0521527082
- Brouwer, M. (2008), Governance and Innovation: A Historical View , Routledge, ISBN 0415437059
- Bockel, J. van (2009), Gevormde kaders: bureaucratische en professionele reguliering van het werk van ambtenaren in de Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden , Eburon Uitgeverij BV, ISBN 9059723503
Links
- Pensioner // Big Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- Pensioner // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Domestic policy of the Republic of the United Provinces. V. Zyabrikov (inaccessible link)
- Netherlands - History