George Davidovich Eristavi ( Georgian გიორგი დავითის ძე ერისთავი ; 1811 - 1864 ) - Georgian writer and playwright , director , actor , public figure, translator [1] .
| Eristavi Georgy Davidovich | |
|---|---|
| cargo. გიორგი დავითის ძე ერისთავი | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | 1811 |
| Place of Birth | Odzisi village, Russian empire |
| Date of death | 1864 |
| Place of death | in the same place |
| Nationality |  Russian empire |
| Occupation | , |
Biography
George Eristavi was born in 1811 in the village of Odzisi , not far from the city of Dusheti , in the family of Prince David David Rostomovich Eristov (Eristavi-Ksansky; 1780-1830) and Maria Ivanovna (1786-1848; nee Princess Kobulova) [2] . He studied at the "noble school" in Tiflis, and then in Moscow in a boarding school [3] .
He was an official of special assignments under the military governor Baron G.V. Rosen . He participated in a noble plot and was expelled from Georgia to Lithuania for this. He was able to return to his homeland only in 1839 [4] . Being in exile, I got acquainted with Polish , West European and Russian literature [3] .
He began his literary work in 1832 . The central theme of the work of George Davidovich was the mockery of moneylenders , merchants, venality and tyranny of officials [4] .
The author of the plays: “Section” (first staged in 1850), “Litigation” (written in 1840, staged in 1850), “Stingy” (1851), “Invisible Hat” (1852), “Atabeg Kvarkvare” (1853) , “Crazy” (1862), “Pictures of the Old Time” (1863) [1] . George Eristavi became the founder of the Georgian professional realistic theater [4] . Eristavi is the author of the staging of Shota Rustaveli 's poem “The Knight in the Tiger Skin ”, he translated into the Georgian language “ Woe from Wit ” by A. S. Griboedov [4] , the prose translation into Polish “The Knight in the Tiger Skin” [1] .
In 1852-1853 he edited the Georgian magazine Tsiskari [3] .
Eristavi was a talented actor. It was he who introduced the tradition of using the Kartalin dialect of the Georgian language on stage as a stage speech [4] .
George Eristavi discovered the original talent of Zurab Antonov for art [4] .
Georgy Davidovich Eristavi died on September 9 (21), 1864 in his small homeland, in the village of Odzisi.
Family
He was married to Elizabeth Georgievna Alikhanova [2] . Twin Sons [2] :
- David (1847-1890), poet, journalist and translator;
- Constantine (1847-1859).
Widowed, married a second time - to Princess Martha Davidovna Tarhan-Mouravi (1820-1908) [2] .
Memory
- Eristavi named the theater in the city of Gori .
- Over the years, George Eristavi’s plays were staged on theaters in Georgia: Kote Marjanishvili directed the play “Section” in 1923 , Akaki Vasadze directed the comedy “Litigation” in 1942 at the Theater named after Shota Rustaveli [4] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov, 3rd ed. T. 30. Bookplate - Yaya. 1978. 632 pp., Ill .; 30 l ill .; 9 l kart.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Princes of Eristavi (Eristavi-Aragvi) // Dumin S.V., Chikovani Yu.K. Noble clans of the Russian Empire. Volume 4. Princes of the Kingdom of Georgia. - S. 270—272.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Great Soviet Encyclopedia. / Ch. ed. B. A. Vvedensky, 2nd ed. - T. 49. Elokventsiya - Yaya. - 1957. - 680 p., Ill .: 69 p. ill. and cards.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Theatrical Encyclopedia. / Ch. ed. P.A. Markov. - T. 5 - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, Tabakova - Yagushin. - 1967. - 1136 stb. with ill., 8 l. ill.
Literature
- Bukhnikashvili G. , George Eristavi Theater, Tbilisi, 1948.
- Khakhanov A.S. ,. Eristov, Georgy Davidovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.