Golitsyn, Boris Borisovich

Until 1874, he was brought up by grandmother, Countess Ekaterina Dmitrievna Kusheleva, in a mansion on the embankment of the Fontanka River , 32; In the summer he lived in the estate of Ligovo (Polezhaevsky Park). He graduated with honors from the Naval Cadet Corps , then studied at the Nikolaev Naval Academy ^[2] . From his youth he was fond of physics, chemistry, astronomy and other sciences.

In 1887, he left the service in the Navy and continued his education at the University of Strasbourg , where in 1890 he defended his dissertation "On the Law of Dalton" ^[3] , for which B. B. Golitsyn was awarded the degree of Doctor of Philosophy with highest honors. He returned to Russia in 1890. In May 1891, Boris Borisovich married Maria Konstantinovna Khitrovo (1866-1942), with whom he happily lived his whole life ^[4] .

In 1892, he began teaching at Moscow University , and placed his work, Studies in Mathematical Physics, in the Moscow Mathematical Collection. Part I. General properties of dielectrics, from the point of view of the mechanical theory of heat. Part II About radiant energy ”, which at the beginning of 1893 was presented to the faculty as a master's thesis. On the part of reviewers A. G. Stoletov and A. P. Sokolov, this dissertation received a very severe assessment and the applicant was not allowed to defend ^[5] . Golitsyn left Moscow University and began to give lectures at Yuriev University - as a professor of physics. However, he taught only one semester here , since at the end of 1893 he was elected an adjunct of the Academy of Sciences and at the beginning of 1894 he was entrusted with the management of the physical office of the Academy of Sciences. In 1896, a member of the state councilor , he was awarded the court rank of chamberlain .

After the Vernensky earthquake of 1887, a permanent seismic commission was established, in the affairs of which soon B. B. Golitsyn, admittedly, took one of the first places.

He was engaged in the theory and practice of seismology. Designed by him in 1906, the electromagnetic seismograph was recognized as the best in the world. Seismic stations in Europe , in particular, Strasbourg , began to be equipped with such instruments.

In 1897 he headed the Department of Experimental Physics at the Women's Medical Institute in St. Petersburg. He lived (in 1906-10) in the apartment building of O. N. Rukavishnikova ( Admiralteyskaya embankment , 10).

He oversaw the creation of Russia's first seismic service. By 1909, seven seismic stations operated on the territory of the Russian Empire: in Pulkovo (central at the Academy of Sciences ), Yuriev , Tiflis , Yekaterinburg , Irkutsk , Vladivostok and Baku .

In 1911, another one was opened - Makeevskaya seismic station of the 1st category, which was part of the first Central Rescue Station in Russia. Such a seismic station was a double-walled building constructed in a recessed pit. The building had two separate rooms: one for seismographs (Pulkovo type), the second for galvanometers with a recording apparatus. For continuous recording of the seismic signal, special pendulums and a moving platform were used.

He worked as the director of the Expedition for the Preparation of Government Securities , equipping it with the latest printing technology and arranging release there, in addition to securities , excellently published art albums for their time ( I. Repin , V. Vasnetsov , I. Bilibin , I. Aivazovsky and others .) ^[6] .

In 1913 he was appointed director of the Nikolaev Main Physical Observatory ^[6] (GFO). He began reforming the Russian meteorological industry. Together with meteorological scientists A.I. Voeikov and M.A. Rykachev, he developed a plan for a significant expansion of the network of meteorological observations in Russia, however, the implementation of his plans was prevented by the First World War ^[7] . He also worked as the head of the Main Military Meteorological Administration ^[6] .

When did the world war of 1914-1918 begin ? , at the suggestion of B. B. Golitsyn, the Military Meteorological Administration was created, at the head of which he was appointed. The main task of the command was to service the army with weather forecasts, which acquired special significance when the German troops launched the gas war. At the same time taught at the Petrograd Higher Women's Courses . During these years of the war, B. B. Golitsyn devoted all his strength to serving the motherland and, in continuous labor, undermined his health so much that a light cold brought him to the grave. But until the last days, B. B. Golitsyn continued to be interested and manage the affairs of management, calling employees to his house.

He died on May 4 ( 17 ), 1916 at his country house in New Peterhof from pneumonia ^[8] .

• In 1908 he was elected an academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences .
• Member of the Royal Society of London .
• In 1911 he was elected President of the International Seismological Association .
• Since 1994, the B. B. Golitsyn Prize has been awarded for achievements in geophysics.
• In 1970, the International Astronomical Union assigned the name of Golitsyn to a crater on the far side of the moon .
• In his honor, in 1965 or earlier, the under-ice mountains of Golitsyn in Antarctica were named (coordinates: ), discovered by the SAE in 1957–58. ^[9] .
• In honor of B. B. Golitsyn named the research vessel "Academician Golitsyn" .
• B. B. Golitsyn is the hero of the miniature Valentin Pikul “Midshipman of the Navy Retired” ^[10] .

• Golitsyn B. B. Selected Works. Volume 1. Physics / Otv. ed. A. S. Predvoditelev . - M .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1960 .-- 242 p.
• Golitsyn B. B. Selected Works. Volume 2. Seismology / Otv. ed. V.F. Bonchkovsky . - M .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1960 .-- 491 p.

• Prince Golitsyn Boris Borisovich // List of civil ranks of the fourth class. Corrected on September 1st, 1907. - SPb. : Publication of the Inspection Department of His Imperial Majesty’s Chancellery . Senate Printing House, 1907. - S. 613-614.
• Boron. Boron. Golitsyn // Full members of the academy // List of persons serving in the department of the Ministry of Education for 1915. - Petrograd: Senate Printing House, 1915. - S. 163.
• Zhukovsky V.S. Technical Thermodynamics . - 3rd ed. - M .: Gostekhizdat , 1952.- 440 p. (inaccessible link)
• Ponomarev, A.V. Founder of modern seismology Boris Borisovich Golitsyn (1862–1916): on the 150th anniversary of his birth / A.V. Ponomarev , A. Ya. Sidorin // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences. - 2012. - T. 4, No. NZ6001. - S. 1-11. - DOI : 10.2205 / 2012NZ000114 .
• Regel, R. Prince Boris Borisovich Golitsyn. February 18, 1862 - October 4, 1916 // Tr. Office of Prikl. botany. - 1917. - T. 10 , No. 1 . - S. 3-9 .
• Hramov Yu. A. Golitsyn Boris Borisovich // Physicists: Biographical Reference / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Nauka , 1983 .-- S. 87 .-- 400 p. - 200,000 copies. (per.)
• A Biographical Dictionary of Professors and Teachers of the Imperial Yuryevsky, Former Derpt University for a Hundred Years of Its Existence (1802-1902) / Ed. G.V. Levitsky. - Yuriev: Printing house of K. Mattisen, 1902. - T. I. - S. 425-428. - 666 p.
• Lazarev P.P. A. G. Stoletov , N. A. Umov , P. N. Lebedev , B. B. Golitsyn. - Leningrad: Chemical Engineering. ed., 1927.
• The Golden Age of McNII: History of Creation, Development and Formation (1907-2007) / Ed. Cand. tech. Sciences O. M. Bryukhanova - Donetsk: TOV "Runway" Promin "", 2007 - S. 56-59., ill. - ISBN 966-96743-4-1

• Profile of Boris Borisovich Golitsyn on the official website of the RAS
• Academician A.N. Krylov IN MEMORY OF PRINCE B. B. GOLITSYN
• E. A. Annenkova, E. Yu. Basargina . Academician Prince Boris Borisovich Golitsyn (1862–1916): Portraits of different years. On the occasion of the 150th birthday
• Research vessel "Academic Golitsyn"
• Boris Bulibash. From a seismometer to the theory of an expanding universe // Science and Technology of the Russian Federation