Gaskell, elizabeth

Born September 29, 1810 in Chelsea, London . Her father, William Stevenson, was a priest of the Unitarian church in Failsworth . When she was one year old, she lost her mother. She was brought up by her aunt. Since 1823, she studied at a boarding school in Stratford-upon-Avon. In 1831, having come to stay in Manchester , she met William Gaskell, her future husband, a priest. In 1832 she married and moved to Manchester and lived there for the rest of her life. She gave birth to four daughters and a son.

Gaskell's writing career began after the tragic events - her only son, while still a baby, died of scarlet fever . The fear of this disease was reflected in her works, for example, in the unfinished novel “Wives and Daughters”.

Gaskell's first major work is the social novel Mary Barton. A Tale from Manchester’s Life, ”in which for the first time in an English novel, Gaskell addressed the topic of the Chartist struggle and showed how hunger, poverty, lack of voting rights and legal means of struggle lead workers to think about terrorism and to kill the manufacturer by lot. But both the killer detained by the police and the family members of the manufacturer repent and come to reconciliation. In 1861, the novel was translated and published in Dostoevsky’s journal Vremya, and psychological intrigue and problems are close to Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment. In the novel " Cranford " (1853) depicts the life of the inhabitants of a provincial town. In the novel "Ruth", the writer respected the employee who refused to marry the " gentleman " who seduced her. In the novel " North and South " religious and sentimental tendencies are intensified. However, in the novels “Fans of Sylvia” ( 1863 ) and “Wives and Daughters” ( 1866 , unfinished) there are realistic pages. She wrote a biography of her friend Charlotte Bronte . Karl Marx attributed Gaskell, along with Charles Dickens , William Thackeray and Charlotte Bronte , to the "brilliant galaxy of English novelists." ^[7]

Elizabeth Gaskell died in Olton (Hampshire) in 1865.

Depicted on a 1980 British postage stamp.

• Elizabeth Gaskell. Mary Barton. - Moscow .: Goslitizdat, 1963
• Elizabeth Gaskell. Cranford. - Moscow .: Eksmo, 2011 - ISBN 978-5-699-50450-3 .

Novels

• " Mary Barton " ( Mary Barton , 1848 )
• Cranford ( 1853 )
• The Ruth ( Ruth , 1863 )
• " North and South " ( North and South , 1855 )
• “ Fans of Sylvia ” ( Sylvia's Lovers , 1863)
• “ Cousin Phillis ” ( Cousin Phillis , 1864 )
• “ Wives and Daughters ” ( Wives and Daughters , 1866 )

Stories and Collections

• The Moorland Cottage (1850)
• Mr. Harrison's Confessions (1851)
• The Old Nurse's Story (1852)
• Lizzie Leigh (1855)
• My Lady Ludlow (1859)
• Round the Sofa (1859)
• Lois the Witch (1861)
• A Dark Night's Work (1863)
• “Cousin Phillis” ( Cousin Phillis , 1864 )

Stories

• Libbie Marsh's Three Eras (1847)
• Christmas Storms and Sunshine (1848)
• The Squire's Story (1853)
• Half a Life-time Ago (1855)
• The Poor Clare (1856)
• The Manchester Marriage (1858) - co-authored with Charles Dickens
• The Haunted House (1859) - co-authored with Charles Dickens
• The Half-brothers (1859)
• The Gray Woman (1861)

Documentary works

• An Accursed Race (1855)
• " Life of Charlotte Bronte " ( Life of Charlotte Bronte , 1857) - biography of a friend of Elizabeth - writer Charlotte Bronte .

• Gaskell // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Telegin O. V. Aesthetization of everyday life in the novels by Elizabeth Gaskell: Diss. ... K. Filol. n . - Nizhny Novgorod: NRU NNGU , 2016 .-- 226 p.

• The Gaskell Society
• Texts of works (English)