Rudaki (district of Tajikistan)

Since ancient times, the land where the Rudakinsky district is now located is where people lived, the main occupation of which was animal husbandry and agriculture. In different eras, the local land and its population were part of Sogdiana , Bactria , the Sassanian state , the Kushan kingdom , the Samanid emirate (9th-10th centuries) , the Gaznevidian sultanate (10th-12th centuries) , the Mongolian empire , the Temuri empire , the Sheybanids and the Bukhara emirate ( XVIII-early XX century) .

Historical and archaeological complexes dating back to the 9th-12th centuries were revealed on the territory of the region: Chorgultepa and Tojhon, including the villages of Chorgultepa, Oli Somon, Obi Shifo, Kuktosh, Kariai Kamar and Bachamazor; Guliston - with the villages of Mavlavi, Sabzikor, Tezgar, Falacon; Rohati - with Machiton, Nilkon, Teppai Samarkand, Simigandzh villages; Chorteppa - with the villages of Kampir-Kala, Shaynak, Morteppe, Chorteppa; Esanboy - with the villages Namozgoh, Bibikhuram, Khoja-Tutbulok, as well as Kalay-Kofarnikhon ^[5] .

• Soviet period

In 1920-1921, as a result of the revolutionary events in Central Asia , the Bukhara People’s Soviet Republic was formed, which also included the lands of Gissar Bekism.

Then, as a result of the national-territorial delimitation carried out in Central Asia , in 1924 the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed as part of the Uzbek SSR .

On September 17, 1927, after the administrative-territorial demarcation , the Lokai district was formed as part of the Hissar province of the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . This initial name of the administrative unit of the young republic reflected the self-names of the indigenous peoples living within the region — the Lokaians .

However, on August 29, 1932, pursuant to the Resolution of the CEC of the Tajik SSR, the name Lokaysky district was abolished, and the geographical name of the regional center - toponym Koktash was used in its new name, the district acquired the name Koktash district of the Stalinabad region of the Tajik SSR .

April 22, 1970 in commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of the founder of the first in the world history of the socialist state V.I. Lenin on the basis of the Decree of the RIC district, the administrative unit was named Leninsky district.

• Recent history

On September 9, 1991, after the adoption at the session of the Supreme Council of Tajikistan of the Statement and Decree “On the State Independence of the Republic of Tajikistan” , the former name - the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic was abolished, the new state was named the Republic of Tajikistan (RT) .

At the same time, the Leninsky district retained its status as a district of republican subordination within the Republic of Tajikistan.

On November 21, 2003, the Resolution of the Supreme Assembly of Tajikistan No. 462 of the Leninsky district was renamed in honor of the great Tajik poet Abu Abdallah Rudaki in the Rudakinsky district ^{[6] [7]} .

Rudakinsky district is located in the Gissar Valley of Tajikistan. In the north and north-east it borders with 4 districts ( Varzob , Gissar , Shakhrinav and Vahdat ). In the west - with the Surkhandara region of Uzbekistan , in the south and east - with 4 districts ( Kubodiyon , Jilikul , Khuroson and Yavan ) of the Khatlon region of Tajikistan.

The administrative center of the Rudakinsky district is the village. Somoniyon , located 17 km south of the capital of Tajikistan - Dushanbe city, at the northern foot of the mountain range Rangon (Rangon-Tau) , 3 km from the right tributary of the Amudarya river flowing through the Gissar valley .

The population of the district as of January 1, 2017 is 472,219 people, including the city living in three urban-type settlements : Somoniyon (22.6 thousand), Mirzo Tursunzade (18.8 thousand), Navabadsky (9, 5 thousand) - only 51 928 people, which is 11% of the total number of inhabitants ^[1] .

The Rudakinsky district includes 3 urban-type settlements - Somoniyon , Navabadsky and Mirzo Tursunzade , as well as 13 rural communities ( taj. Samoat ) ^[8] :

The head of the district administration, the hukumat, is the Chairman, who is appointed by the President of the Republic of Tajikistan . The legislative body of the district is the Majlis of people's deputies, which is elected publicly for a term of 5 years.

At present, there are 122 industrial enterprises, 56 construction organizations, 3 transport, 2 exploration, 10 utility and domestic enterprises, 8 markets, 3 shopping centers.

The population of the district carries out private business activities directly related to agriculture. According to statistics, as of January 2017, there are more than 4,650 dekhkan farms in the area .

• Abdurahimova, Kumrikhon (c.1920 - ..?) - the drummer of socialist labor , the collective farmer - the record holder of the manual picking of cotton from the kolkhoz im. Kaganovich of the Koktashsky District of the Stalinabad Oblast of the Tajik SSR, Hero of Socialist Labor , Knight of the Order of Lenin (1948) ^[9] , ^{[10] [11]} .

• Dzhabarov, Rakhmankul (1902 - ..?) - the chairman of the kolkhoz named after Kaganovich Koktashsky region of the Stalinabad region of the Tajik SSR (from 1930 to 1950); Hero of Socialist Labor (1947), gentleman of the three Orders of Lenin (1944, 1947, 1948), Order of the Patriotic War (1946) ^{[12] [11]} .

• Kurbanova, Zainab-bibi (1887–1928) - the first female Tajik leader — the chairman of the Executive Committee of the Council of Workers' Deputies of the Lokaysky District of the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic ^[13] , ^{[14] [15]} .

• Kurbonov, Karomatullo (1961−1992) - a popular Tajik singer , musician and composer , author and performer of folk songs in pop processing - soloist of the Tajik State vocal-instrumental ensemble “Gulshan” ^[16] . In memory of the national singer - idol and countryman - a resident of the district, in the regional center - the village of Somoniyon , a monument was erected ^{[17] [18]}

• Rasulov, Jahon (1917 −19.1987) - collective farmer-record holder of hand picking cotton, a link collective farm “Kzyl Yulduz” of the Koktash district of the Tajik SSR, Hero of Socialist Labor of the USSR , holder of two Orders of Lenin (1947, 1948), two Orders of the Red Banner of Labor ( 1946, 1957) ^[19] .

• Rakhimov, Mirzomurod (1960−1980) - a warrior-internationalist , born to. Chorteppa, Leninsky district; August 3, 1980 - died heroically in battle, selflessly causing fire on himself, saving his comrades. For military feat awarded the Order of the Red Star (posthumously) ^[20] .

• Sardarov, Karakhan (1905−1952) - the commander of the Koktash dekhkan detachment of the Red Balancers, an activist of the establishment of Soviet power in the Lokai district; Cavalier of the Order of the Red Banner of Labor of the Tajik SSR (1930), two orders of the Red Banner of the RSFSR (1926, 1932) ^{[21] [22]} .

• Suleymanova, Khalimakhon (1907− ...?) - the record holder of hand picking cotton from the Kaganovich collective farm of the Koktash district of the Tajik SSR, twice Hero of socialist labor , and twice holder of the Order of Lenin , the “Hammer and Hammer” gold medals (1947, 1948), and orders of Red Labor Banner (1944, 1946) ^{[10] [23]} .

• Sultanov, Mukum (1894−1975) - the commander of the dekhkan detachment of the Red Balancers village. Shuriyanbash, chairman of the Kzyl Yulduz collective farm in the Lokai district; participant of the capture of the leader of the Bas-maksi - Ibrahim-bek (06.23.1931) ^[24] . Cavalier of the Order of Lenin, two orders of the Red Banner ^[25] .

• Sahibnazarov, Yuldash (1902−1979) - the commander of the Red Cockerel Dehkan detachment , an activist of the establishment of Soviet power in the Lokai district, the hero of the fight against Basmachi in Tajikistan in the 1920–1930s and statesman. Commander of the Order of Lenin ^[26] .

• Toshev, Kuvondik (1882−1938) - commander of the volunteer dekhkan detachment of the Red -shoulder-gunners, an activist of the establishment of Soviet power in the Lokai district, a hero of the struggle against Basmachi in Tajikistan in the 1920–1930s; immortalized in the monument - installed at the Memorial in the village Somonien ^[27] .

• Chekabaev, Ibrahim-bek (1889−1931) - the son of toxabo ^[28] Chekabai, elders ( aksakala ) of the Lokai community from the village of Koktash. In the period from 1921 to 1931, the field commander who led the Basmach movement in the southern regions of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan ^{[29] [30]} .

• Kotov, Sergey Dmitrievich (1911−1981) - a teacher of history of the school number 1 named. A.S. Pushkin, the village of Leninsky Leninsky district, a veteran of the Great Patriotic War ; one of the organizers of the anti-Nazi resistance to the fascist regime in the Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany (1943-1945); Chevalier of the Order of the Red Star .

• Rudaki, Abu Abdullah - the founder of Persian and Tajik classical literature , was established in 2003 in the central square of the district center - Somoniyon village; in honor of Rudaki, a new name was given to the administrative unit of republican subordination - Rudakinsky District (Nohiya Rudaki).

• Ulyanov-Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich - the founder of the world's first socialist state - the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ; until 2003 it stood on the central square of the district center, now it has not been preserved. Another monument to V.I. Lenin, who previously stood at the facade of the school uch. "Partisan Surkh" collective farm "Moscow", now stands on the territory of the Memorial complex of the Military and Labor Glory of the Rudakinsky district.

• The Tajiks soldier is a symbolic sculpture of a Soviet Tajik soldier who liberated the peoples of the USSR and Europe from the fascist , man-hate, Hitler regime of Germany during the Second World War ; established in 1975 to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 , in the center of the Memorial Complex of the Military and Labor Glory of the Rudakinsky District.

• Kurbonov, Karomatullo (1961−1992) - a popular Tajik singer and composer , author and performer of folk songs in pop processing - a soloist of the Tajik State vocal-instrumental ensemble “Gulshan” ^[16] , a monument to Karomatolllo Kurbonov installed in the center - pgt Somoniyon ^{[17] [31]} .

• Mikhail Pavlovsky, Mikhail Abramovich (1908−1931) - a military pilot of the Separate Stalinabad Aviation Squad named after Y. M. Sverdlov , captured during a combat mission, and on April 11, 1931, died at the hands of the Basmachis at the Khoji-Bebok Pass - later named "Gardani Kushti" ( Russian : "severed neck"). The monument-monument to the pilot M. A. Plavelsky is installed at the fork in the highway leading from Dushanbe to Kurgan-Tyube . ^{[32] [33]} .

• Tabarov Akhror. Noiiyaiin Lenin is a gift of masiri taarich (Leninsky district in the process of history). Dushanbe, 1997.
• Mashrabov Kholmahmad. Az coined Elok and the Reichstag (from the banks of the Elok to the Reichstag). Dushanbe, Donish Publishing House, 2005.