United Nations Development Program

The United Nations Development Program was founded on November 22, 1965 as a result of the merger of the Expanded Technical Assistance Program and the United Nations Special Fund, which was enshrined in resolution A / RES / 2029 (XX) ^{[8] of the} UN General Assembly .

The expanded program of UN technical assistance was established on August 15, 1949 by resolution E / RES / 222 (IX) ^{[9] of the} UN Economic and Social Council and approved by resolution A / RES / 304 (IV) ^{[10] of the} UN General Assembly for economic and political assistance. underdeveloped countries in strengthening their national economies and ensuring the higher and sustainable well-being of their citizens. ^[eleven]

The UN Social Fund was established on October 14, 1958 by resolution A / RES / 1240 (XIII) ^{[12] of the} UN General Assembly to provide technical assistance to less developed countries, including projects in the areas of resources and industry , agriculture , transport, communications , construction, etc.

UNDP projects and operations are funded from voluntary contributions from Member States and UN observers, multilateral institutions, the private sector, and other sources in the form of regular contributions or donations earmarked for a particular region, project, or development area. ^[13] In 2017, 66% of the UNDP budget were contributions from the governments of member states, 33% from multilateral and international institutions, and 1% from the private sector. ^[14]

Annually, contributions and donations to UNDP amount to about $ 5 billion and represent 1/5 of all contributions and donations to the United Nations system . ^[15]

Regular contributions form the basis of the UNDP budget and are critical to the effectiveness of the Program. They enable UNDP to support the most vulnerable segments of the population, to respond quickly and flexibly to crises. As of 2017, the leaders in making regular contributions to UNDP are:

In 2017, Russia was ranked 24th on the list of leaders in making regular contributions to UNDP with an indicator of 1.1 million dollars ^[16] .

Transparency

As part of the Strategic Plan of the United Nations Development Program for 2018-2021 ^[3], the UNDP Executive Board also approved a new Resource and Results Assessment Framework ^[17] that openly demonstrates the distribution of resources and the results achieved by UNDP, and also allows stakeholders to monitor the performance of the Program, study the lessons learned by her and bring the organization to responsibility, in case of misuse of funds provided to her. ^[one]

In 2015 and 2016 ^[18] , the AidDat a was the most transparent development agency in the world, ^[19] and AidDat a twice listed the Program on the list of development partners that most often cooperate with host governments. ^[one]

In 2011, UNDP created the Open Data Platform ^[20] , within which information on budgets and results of the Program is published and updated daily, covering 4,743 projects and operations in 155 countries and territories. ^[one]

Admin

At the international level, UNDP is headed by an Administrator, whose rank is identical to that of the Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations . The UNDP Administrator is appointed by the Secretary General and approved by the General Assembly of the United Nations for a period of four years ^[21] . In order to coordinate UN development activities , the UNDP Administrator also acts as Co-Chair ^[22] .

Since 2017, the UNDP Administrator has been occupied by , who in 2012-2016 headed the United Nations Environment Program . ^[23] The first administrator of the Program was Paul Hoffman , who in 1948-1950 was the Head of the and led the implementation of the Marshall Plan . ^[24]

Executive Council

The UNDP Executive Council was established on December 20, 1993 by resolution A / RES / 48/162 ^{[25] of the} UN General Assembly and, according to the resolution, oversees the activities of the Program and its Administrator, ensuring timeliness of response to the changing needs of Member States. The Executive Council consists of representatives of 36 ratifying countries and holds three annual sessions — one annual and two regular sessions ^[26] . All Council sessions are held in a new paperless format . ^[26]

Members of the Executive Council are elected annually by the UN Economic and Social Council for a three-year term, with the exception of the group of Western European states, which has established its own internal rotation policy. ^[27] Resolution A / RES / 48/162 ^[25] fixed the following geographical distribution of Executive Council members: 8 members from African states, 7 from the states of the Asia-Pacific region , 4 from Eastern Europe , 5 from the states of Latin America and the Caribbean and 12 from Western European States. ^[26]

Executive Council documents, as a rule, are action-oriented, have a short form and do not contain a preamble. Since 1994, all decisions of the UNDP Executive Board have always been taken by consensus . ^[27]

The Bureau of the Executive Council consists of one Chair and four Vice-Chairs, who are elected annually from the Board members at the first regular session, taking into account equitable geographical representation. ^[28] Since 2001, the Presidium of the Executive Council has been chaired by Chairs from the following geographical groups:

In 2018, the Executive Council is chaired by ( Mauritius ), Vice-Chairmen: Chul-Joe Park ( Republic of Korea ), ( Albania ), Tumasi Blair ( Antigua and Barbuda ) and Dominic Favre ( Switzerland ) . ^[29] The main functions of the Bureau of the Council are to prepare and organize meetings of the Executive Council, to facilitate transparent decision-making and to facilitate dialogue in the decision-making process. ^[29]

The Executive Council Secretariat accompanies all aspects of the Council’s work, including providing its members with timely information and other support services, organizing three formal sessions, planning and organizing informal consultations and briefings, meetings of the Bureau of the Council, coordinating visits and ensuring an effective relationship between the Executive Council and relevant UNDP structures as well as the United Nations population Fund (UNFPA) and the (UNOPS). In addition, the Executive Council Secretariat provides editorial services for all documentation related to Council meetings and maintains its website. ^[thirty]

United Nations Development Investment Fund

At the international level, UNDP is also represented by the United Nations Development Investment Fund , which since 1966 has been assisting developing countries in stimulating their economies by supplementing existing sources of financial aid with all kinds of grants and loans. The Executive Board of the United Nations Development Program is also the Executive Board of the United Nations Development Investment Fund . ^[31]

Global Policy Centers

The UNDP Global Policy Centers contribute to the international advisory functions of the Program, providing research support in the areas of: (1) identifying global development priorities and innovative approaches, (2) measuring UNDP performance, (3) risk assessment and management. ^[32]

As of 2018, there are six Global Policy Centers in the UNDP system ^[32] :

Global UN Volunteers Program

UNDP manages the , which annually operates in 130 countries in order to consolidate peace and promote sustainable development through volunteering.

The UN Volunteers program was established on December 7, 1970 by resolution A / RE / 2659 (XXV) ^{[33] of the} UN General Assembly and, according to the resolution, has a dual mandate: (1) mobilizes volunteers for the United Nations system and (2) promotes the importance volunteering in the worldwide development process.

Regional Bureaux

At the regional level, UNDP is represented by five Regional Offices ( Africa , Asia and Oceania , the Middle East , Eurasia , Latin America and the Caribbean) ^[34] located in New York . Regional Bureaus provide effective, timely and operational support adapted to the needs and priorities of UNDP country offices, quickly mobilizing expert assistance from other country offices and regional bureaux of the Program, as well as from outside agencies in the United Nations system .

Each UNDP Regional Bureau is headed by a Director, who is appointed by the UN Secretary General and acts as his Development Assistant, as well as Assistant Administrator of the entire UNDP. ^[35]

As of 2018, the Assistant Administrators of UNDP and the Regional Directors of the Program are:

Regional Hubs

In the regions themselves in Ethiopia , Thailand, Jordan , Istanbul and Panama, the UN Development Program has established five regional hubs that facilitate the implementation of country projects on the ground, in particular, mobilizing financial resources. Supervises the work of each regional Hub Chapter, who also acts as Deputy Director of the respective Regional Bureau. ^{[36] [37] [38] [39] [40]}

Legal framework

The legal framework for the activities of each UNDP hub in the region, as a rule, is a Regional Program Document adopted by the Executive Board of the Program for a period of four years. ^[41]

Country Representatives

At the country level, UNDP operates in 177 countries and territories and is integrated into UN] system. The Permanent Coordinator system was established on December 20, 1977 by resolution A / RES / 32/197 ^{[42] of the} UN General Assembly and, according to the resolution, covers all UN organizations represented in the country and plays a central role in coordinating United Nations operations and projects. ^[43]

The Permanent Coordinator is appointed by the Secretary General and is the head of the SEC and the UN diplomatic mission in the country. His rank is identical to the ambassador of a foreign state . As a rule, the UN Resident Coordinator at the same time acts as the Permanent Representative of UNDP. ^[44]

To approve a candidate for the position of Permanent Representative, he or she must meet the following requirements: (1) availability of certified support from one of the UN departments, (2) Master's degree in development, international relations , political science , economics , social sciences , human rights or related fields (3) the level of the position of at least P5 for internal candidates and 15 years of relevant experience at the international level for external candidates (4) proficiency in English and other languages of the organizations of the union of Nations , (5) the ability to exercise its powers in any country on behalf of the UN Secretary General and others. ^[45]

Legal framework

The legal framework for the activities of each UNDP Country Office is typically: (1) The Agreement between the Government of the country and UNDP on Assistance and Cooperation (SBBA), (2) The Country Program Document (CPD), adopted by the UNDP Executive Board for a period of four years, (3) The Country Government’s and UN Assistance Framework (DAF), agreed by the Government of the country and the United Nations on the basis of CPD, and implemented by the parties for four years, (4) The Country Program Action Plan (CPAP), agreed by the Government of the country and UNDP and also Four years realizability. ^{[46] [47] [48]}

The mandate of the United Nations Development Program does not allow it to provide financial assistance at the private level - to individuals, NGOs or commercial companies. ^[49] UNDP works exclusively in collaboration with Governments, as of 2018, implementing 3,617 ^[50] individual projects and operations to eradicate poverty and hunger, ensure well-being for all, reduce inequality, and preserve the environment .

However, in order to align individual operations and projects with the needs and priorities of the local population, as well as to achieve sustainable and long-term results, UNDP works closely with the business sector, civil society and individuals, in particular, creates mutually beneficial public-private partnerships . ^[51]

Goodwill Ambassadors

In addition, to directly motivate people to act to improve their lives and the lives of their fellow citizens, as well as to accelerate the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at the private level, UNDP engages voluntary services and the support of prominent individuals as Goodwill Ambassadors. ^[52]

UNDP Goodwill Ambassadors:

• Antonio Banderas pays special attention to reducing poverty and empowering women . ^[53]
• Bob Weir pays special attention to climate change issues and helps keep our planet prosperous for future generations. ^[54]
• Cody Simpson promotes awareness of the important role of the oceans in the health of the planet and people. ^[55]
• Connie Britton pays special attention to reducing poverty and empowering women . ^[56]
• Didier Drogba promotes poverty reduction, health care and education for all. ^[57]
• His Royal Highness Crown Prince Haakon of Norway is helping to reduce the gap between the rich and the poor throughout the world. ^[58]
• Iker Casillas deals with the situation of youth in developing countries , improving access to education and health care . ^[59]
• Misako Konno empowers girls and women , and promotes the SDGs around the world. ^[60]
• Michelle Yeoo pays special attention to the empowerment of the most vulnerable segments of the population, including women living in poverty, and those facing natural disasters and crises. ^[61]
• Nikolai Koster-Waldau promotes awareness and support for the SDGs , especially gender equality and climate change . ^[62]
• brothers Joan Joseph and Jordi Roca promote sustainable nutrition practices. ^[63]
• Ronaldo and Zinedine Zidane have contributed to the organization and conduct of the annual football more than 15 years. ^[64]
• Maria Sharapova more than 10 years contributed to the program of recovery after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant . ^[64]

Intermediate Results (2014-2016) ^[65]

Sustainable development

• 24.7 million people (51% of women) in 119 countries of the world gained access to more favorable living conditions, including through UNDP initiatives on economic transformation, the introduction of effective natural resource management and the rapid recovery from economic crises .
• More than 2 million new jobs were created in 98 countries of the world (36% for women).
• 35 countries around the world have developed National Action Plans to address unfinished Millennium Development Goals and the transition to the SDGs .
• 94 countries in the world have implemented measures to ensure low greenhouse gas emissions and climate resilience .

Democratic government and peacebuilding

• Almost 40 million new voters are registered in 40 countries of the world.
• More than 3.2 million people (51% of women) in 35 countries of the world received access to legal aid services.
• 2 million people in 22 countries have access to antiretroviral treatment .
• 27.6 million people in 24 countries participated in UNDP initiatives to change the behavior related to the risk of HIV / AIDS .

Climate and disaster resilience

• 58 countries of the world have implemented 1239 national plans for disaster risk reduction and adaptation.
• 38 countries around the world have adopted regulatory laws and regulations to address the risks of climate change and natural disasters .
• More than 5.3 million people in 50 countries around the world have access to electricity .
• In 30 countries at all levels of societies, 240 disaster early warning systems have been implemented.
• 481 programs in 36 countries were informed in advance by UNDP of the risk of natural disasters in various hazardous areas at the national and subnational levels.

On June 15, 1993, the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Andrei Kozyrev, and the UN Secretary General, Boutros Boutros-Ghali , signed the Agreement on the Establishment in Russia of a United Nations office, including UNDP ^[66] . Five months later, on November 17, 1993, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergey Lavrov and UNDP Administrator signed an Agreement on Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the United Nations Development Program ^[67] , which determined the conditions under which UNDP began to assist the Russian Government in implementing projects in three areas - energy and environment , human development, partnership with the private sector ^[68] .

UNDP Country Office in Russia was opened in Moscow in August 1997. ^[69] From 1997 to 2011, the United Nations Development Program implemented over 150 projects in Russia worth $ 171 million. ^[68]

In early 2011, the UNDP Country Office for Development Program in Russia was reorganized into the UNDP Project Support Office following the completion of the Country Program for 2008–2010 and the acquisition of international assistance by the Russian Federation . The task of the UNDP Project Support Office is technical support for a number of projects funded by Russia . From 2011 to 2015, the Russian Federation acted as a donor of UN Development Program projects in seven countries for a total of $ 22 million. ^[70]

Partnership Framework Agreement and Trust Fund

January 23, 2015, First Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation I.I. Shuvalov and UNDP Administrator H. Clark signed the Framework Partnership Agreement ^[71] , under which Russia became a donor of projects for the implementation of Agenda 2030 in developing countries , primarily in the CIS region. ^[72]

June 11, 2015 by the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation S.V. Lavrov and UNDP Administrator H. Clark signed the Agreement on the establishment of the Trust Fund ^[73] , where in 2015-2019 Russia will transfer the initial funding of $ 25 million to implement the projects of the United Nations Development Program. ^{[74] [70]}

As of 2018, the Russian Federation contributes to the implementation of 23 UNDP projects. ^[75]

UNDP began its activities in Kazakhstan in 1993 as part of the Standard Basic Assistance Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan and UNDP. Since then, UNDP has supported over 180 development projects totaling more than $ 72 million. ^[76]

The UNDP office in Kazakhstan is part of the system of agencies, funds and UN programs in Kazakhstan . All UN agencies that provide support to Kazakhstan work under the auspices of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) for 2010–2015. The UNDAF is a set of jointly agreed priorities to which the UN system in Kazakhstan devotes its resources. The UNDAF is developed jointly with national institutions and signed by all UN agencies and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on behalf of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In determining the priorities of its activities, UNDP fully relies on the UNDAF and makes an active contribution to its implementation through joint activities with other UN agencies. As well as UNDP in Kazakhstan cooperates with the ALE " National Volunteer Network " in the implementation of its activities.

Another aspect of the Program’s work in Kazakhstan is environmental protection and energy. UNDP provides support to national partners for the implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development of Kazakhstan until 2024, to improve the protection and preservation of the environment, and innovative experience in the use of water and the exploitation of land resources is disseminated. UNDP also provides assistance to the country's efforts to counter global warming issues by promoting energy conservation, more economical use of water resources and mobilizing renewable energy sources, including the use of wind power.

• Sustainable development goals
• The international cooperation

• UNDP official website (Eng.)
• UNDP in Russia