Akulov, Ivan Alekseevich

Born in St. Petersburg in the family of a poor merchant. In early childhood, he lost his father, four young children had to be raised by his mother. He ended up in a shelter.

In 1905 he graduated with honors from the St. Petersburg Commercial and Industrial School.

He worked as a clerk in a commercial and industrial newspaper in St. Petersburg.

Since 1907, a member of the RSDLP (b), the very next year he was sentenced to the year of imprisonment in the fortress.

He was one of the organizers of the Bolshevik faction in the trade union of metalworkers, and later the secretary of this union.

In 1912, on the recommendation of A.E. Badayev, he was elected to the Petersburg Committee of the RSDLP (b). In 1913 he was elected a member of the Executive Commission of the Petersburg Committee of the RSDLP. In 1913 he was twice arrested and eventually exiled to the Samara province, from where he fled.

After the February Revolution, he moved to the Novgorod province, where he actively helped local party organizations. Then he returned to Vyborg and created the military organization of the RSDLP (b) there, in the same year he was elected a delegate from Vyborg to the VII (April) All-Russian Conference and the VI Congress of the RSDLP (b) .

Member of the October armed uprising in Petrograd.

In December 1917 - January 1918, Secretary of the Yekaterinburg Committee of the RCP (B.) .

In January - May 1918 - Secretary of the Ural Regional Committee of the RCP (B.).

From May to August 1918, he was a member of the operational headquarters and supply commissar of the Chelyabinsk-Zlatoust Front of the Red Army .

In September 1918 - January 1919 - Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Vyatka Provincial Council and at the same time Chairman of the Vyatka Provincial Committee of the RCP (B) and the Provincial Executive Committee

After 4 months, it was recalled to organize the defense of Orenburg . In February 1919 - August 1920 - Secretary of the Orenburg Provincial Committee of the RCP (B.)

From August 1920 to January 1921, Secretary of the Kyrgyz Bureau of the RCP (B.) And member of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the Kyrgyz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.

Since March 3, 1921 - Secretary of the Crimean Regional Committee of the RCP (B.) And at the same time Secretary of the Crimean Revolutionary Committee. Continued the policy of his predecessors to conduct the Red Terror ^[1] .

In 1923 - 1925 and 1930 - 1934 - member of the Central Control Commission of the RCP (b). From May 16, 1924 to December 6, 1925 - member of the Central Control Commission of the Communist Party (b) of Ukraine . From December 12, 1925 to June 5, 1930 - a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) U.

From 1922 to 1925 - Chairman of the Donetsk Union of Laborers. In 1922 - 1927 - member of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Union of Miners. Since 1927 - Chairman of the All-Ukrainian Council of Trade Unions (VUSPS). November 29, 1927 - March 16, 1928 - member of the Organizational Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine (b).

Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (B.) In 1927-1930.

Since 1929 - 2nd Secretary ^[2] and member of the Presidium of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions. Since June 1929 - Member of the Council of Labor and Defense of the USSR .

July 13, 1930 - January 26, 1934 - member of the Central Control Commission of the CPSU (b).

From July 1930 to October 1931 - Deputy People's Commissar of the USSR Workers 'and Peasants' Inspectorate - member of the Presidium of the Central Control Commission of the CPSU (B.). At the same time, from July 13, 1930 to October 2, 1932, he was a member of the Organizational Bureau of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks , and until January 26, 1934, he was a member of the Presidium of the Central Control Commission.

In the years 1931-1932. - First Deputy Chairman of the OGPU , since 1932 - Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPB (U) in the Donbass, member of the Politburo and Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPB (U).

On June 20, 1933, he headed the newly created Prosecutor's Office of the USSR ( Andrei Vyshinsky became his deputy). After Kirov’s murder, he formally led the investigation.

March 3, 1935 approved by the secretary and member of the Presidium of the CEC of the USSR .

In February 1937, he chaired the Ordzhonikidze funeral committee.

July 9, 1937 was relieved of his post as secretary of the CEC of the USSR.

He was arrested on July 23, 1937, and on October 29, 1937, the military collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR , chaired by V. Ulrich, was sentenced to death on charges of participating in a counter-revolutionary military conspiracy. The sentence was carried out the next day, October 30, 1937 . ( The TSB indicated a different date - 1939 .

He was rehabilitated by the military collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR on December 18, 1954 , reinstated in the party of the CPC at the Central Committee of the CPSU on May 27, 1955 .

The delegate of the VII April All-Russian Conference of the RSDLP (b), VI-XVII Party Congresses, II-XVI All-Russian Congresses of Soviets.

One of the organizers of mass repressions in the USSR.

• Wife - Shapiro Nadezhda Isaakovna.
• Son - Gavriil Ivanovich Akulov (Soviet architect), daughter - Elena Ivanovna.
• Grandson - Alexey Gavriilovich Akulov, Russian archaeologist.

• In 1988, the USSR postage stamp dedicated to Akulov was issued.

• Zvyagintsev A. G. The Rises and Falls of the Doctors of Destiny: Tragic Pages in the Biography of Russian Lawyers. - M .: Yauza ; Eksmo , 2005 .-- S. 448: ill. - ISBN 5-699-17237-8 .
• Akulov Ivan Alekseevich // Bulletin of the Central Committee of the CPSU, No. 7 (306), 1990. - P. 82.
• Soviet prosecutor's office. Essays on the story. / Ed. I.I. Karpets . - M.: Research Institute for Strengthening Law and Order, 1993. - S. 67-68.
• Akulov, Ivan Alekseevich - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
• Akulov Ivan Alekseevich // TSB. - 3rd ed. - M., 1970. - T. 1. - S. 364—365.
• Akulov Ivan Oleksiyovich // Rad. encyclical. History of Ukraine. - К., 1969. - T. 1. - P. 43.
• Akulov Ivan Oleksiyovich // URE. - K., 1959. - T. 1. - S. 147.
• Akulov Ivan Alekseevich // SSE. - K., 1978. - T. 1. - S. 116.
• Blinov A.S. Ivan Akulov. - M.: Politizdat , 1967. - 79 p.: Ill.
• Golubova A. Was a real Bolshevik: On the 100th anniversary of the birth of I. A. Akulov // Working paper . - 1988. - Apr 12
• Zastavskaya N. With Bolshevik hardening: 100 years since the birth of I. A. Akulov // Evening Donetsk . - 1988. - Apr 18
• Levin V.S. Bots of Leninsky Gartu // Ukr. іст. journal - 1978. - No. 3. - S. 119—124.
• Mikhailov V. A man of duty and honor // Truth of Ukraine. - 1988. - Apr 12
• Parsenyuk B. Stalinsky Governors: І. O. Akulov // Donetsk Region . - 2002. - 10 zhovt.
• Parsenyuk B. Chervonі governor // Scheid of the Chronicle . - 1995. - 12-18 sickle .; 22 sickle - 1 heather.
• Yasenov E. Our region began on paper // Golden Scythian. - 2002. - No. 1. - S. 67.
• Encyclopedia of Secret Services of Russia / Auth. A.I. Kolpakidi . - M .: AST ; Astrel; Transitbook, 2004 .-- S. 423-424. - 800 p. - ISBN 5-17018975-3 .
• [ Akulov I.A. ]