Calm (booster)

General view of the rocket "calm"

“Shtil” is a Russian launch vehicle created on the basis of the R-29RM (RSM-54) ballistic missile submarine .

The rocket has three stages and works on high-boiling fuel components ( UDMH + AT ). The start of operation of the missile complex - 1998. Status: in development, the project is active. General Designer - I. I. Velichko , Chief Designer - Yu. A. Kaverin. The complex is being created on the basis of the sea ballistic missile RSM-54 as part of the conversion work, while in contrast to the Shtil-2 missile, a deeper modernization with a new last stage is provided.

3 modifications are developed:

"Shtil-1" - is a serial rocket R-29RM (RSM-54) with additionally installed telemetry equipment. The payload with a volume of up to 0.183 m³ is located in the standard compartment of the rocket. The launch is carried out from a submarine mine from a submerged position. “Shtil-1” allows placing a payload of 70 kg mass into a circular orbit with a height of 400 km and an inclination of 79 °. The world's first satellite launch from a submarine took place on July 7, 1998 . The “Shtil-1” rocket launched from the K-407 Novomoskovsk submarine launched two German satellites, , into Earth orbit

“Shtil-2” is the second stage of the rocket modernization. A special compartment with a volume of 1.87 m³, covered by an aerodynamic fairing, was designed to accommodate the payload. The launch of the rocket is made from a ground launch complex or from a submarine mine in a surface position. Startup cost - $ 4..5 million.

In 2009, according to the results of the All-Russian competition “ 100 best goods of Russia ”, the carrier rocket “Shtil” was awarded the honorary status “ Pride of the Fatherland ”. ^[one]

“ Shtil-3A ” is the third stage of the rocket modernization. The rocket is deployed on the launch platform in the cargo compartment of the An-124ARKK or Il-76MD transport aircraft in a horizontal position. The rocket is dropped from a carrier at an altitude of 10-12 km at an airplane speed of 760-800 km / h. When launching, the rocket with the launch platform is pulled out of the aircraft by a special parachute system, after which it is separated from the platform at a given height and the engine of the first stage starts. For take-off of the aircraft carrier, a first-class or extra-class airfield is necessary. Launch of the launch vehicle can be carried out at a distance of about 4,000 km from the airfield of launch ^[2] .