Argun ( Chinese р 尔古纳 п , pinyin : É'ěrgǔnà , pall .: Erguna ; Mong. ᠡᠷᠬᠥᠨᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ Ergüne qot , Mong.Kir .: Ergүn hot) - a city county in the north-west of the Hulong Buir , which is located in the north-east of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region ( PRC ).
| Hulun Buir County | |
| Argun | |
|---|---|
| whale. Exercise 额 尔古纳 , Pinyin : É'ěrgǔnà ᠡᠷᠬᠥᠨᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | |
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| A country |  China |
| Autonomous region | Inner Mongolia |
| City district | Hulun Buir |
| History and Geography | |
| Square | |
| Height | |
| Timezone | |
| Population | |
| Population | |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Postal codes | |
Content
Geography
The county is located on the right (southeast) bank of the Argun River , along which the state border between China and Russia passes. The Trans-Baikal Territory borders the county on the Russian side. [one]
On the territory of the county there are two border crossing points with Russia [1] .
History
Under the Qing Empire, the lands were subordinate to the Hulunbuir fudutong.
After the Xinhai Revolution , Qiqian County (奇 乾 县) was formed here in 1921.
After the puppet state of Manzhou was formed in 1932, Qiqian County was transformed in 1933 into Hoshun Argun-Yuiqi (额 尔古纳 右翼 旗, “Argun banner of the right wing”).
After the Second World War, these lands came under the control of the Chinese Communists. In November 1947, the khoshuns of Argun-Zuoci and Argun-Yuitsi were united into the khoshun of Argun-Qi (额 尔古纳 旗, “Argun flag”). In 1966, by decree of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China, the khoshun Argun-Qi was divided into khoshuns Argun-Zotsi (额 尔古纳 左旗, "Argun left banner") and Argun-Yutsi (额 尔古纳 右 旗, "Argun right banner").
On April 28, 1994, in accordance with the decree of the State Council of the PRC, the khoshun Argun-Yutsi was transformed into the city county of Argun.
Administrative Division
Argun city district is divided into 2 street committees , 3 villages , 1 parish , 2 national volosts ( Sanhe-Hui national volost and Enhe-Russian national volost ) and somon Menyu-Shiwei .
The Enhe-Russian National Volost and the somon Menju-Shiwei were created in 2011 as a result of the division of the existing Shivei -Russian National Volost (室韦 俄罗斯 民族乡Shì wéi Éluósī zú mínzú xiāng ) that existed in 2001–2011.
Ethnic Composition (2006)
| People | Population | Share |
|---|---|---|
| Chinese | 64591 | 75.8% |
| Mongols | 7294 | 8.6% |
| Russians | 2468 | 2.9% |
| Others (incl. Hui ) | 10809 | 12.7% |
Russian Three Rivers
- See also: History of the Three Rivers.
The county is the only place in China where a compact Russian rural population is represented [2] . On the territory of the county is the so-called Three Rivers , or Region of three rivers (the territory of the basins of the tributaries of the Argun River - Genhe (Gan) [3] , Telbur (Derbul, Derbul, Terbul) [3] and Haul (Hauerhe, Haul) [3] ), an area of approximately 11.5 thousand km². This is a place of long-standing Russian colonization from Transbaikalia . The Russians drove cattle to pastures here, harvested hay, hunted, and sometimes plowed fertile virgin lands. The huts of the settlers of 1895-1900 are still preserved here. [4] Before the “great cultural revolution”, there were 9 Russian schools, 18 Orthodox churches and one monastery operating in Three Rivers, the number of Orthodox believers reached 28 thousand people (according to maximum estimates).
Now the Russian population is dispersed in 7-8 villages. Of the 2.5 thousand Russians, 1774 people live in the Enhe-Russian national volost . The older generation speaks Russian, and their children and grandchildren - mostly in Chinese, although many understand the Russian language. In addition, there are villages of the Orthodox Tungus and Yakuts . Although in the oral and written communication the majority of Russians switched to Chinese , among them the national identity, the Orthodox faith was preserved (instead of previously closed in the village of Labudalin by the Chinese authorities in 1990, the Church of St. Innocent of Irkutsk was built, consecrated in August 2009 [5] ), songs , dances, holiday customs, domestic and behavioral features. Since 2008, the Russian Ethnographic Museum has been operating in the Shivei village.
In 2006, the events of the Year of Russia in China were held in Shivei-Russian National Volost, Enhe and Labudalin, and in 2007, China in Russia.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 市 情 概述 - Description of the county (Chinese)
- ↑ According to the article “ National Minorities of China: Russians ”, another compact settlement of Russians in China is the village of Russkoye Pogranichnoye (Chinese Xiaodintszytsun , almost half of the Russians are Russians ), subordinate to the village of Pogranichnoye, located in Xunke County, Heihe City District (opposite Blagoveshchensk ) Heilongjiang Province .
- ↑ 1 2 3 Notes on the description of the journey of N. Spafaria. (15) The path of Spafarius and Milovanov through Chinese Dauria.
- ↑ Anuchin V.A. Geographical Essays on Manchuria . M., 1948.S. 178
- ↑ In China, for the first time in 50 years, an Orthodox church was consecrated
Links
- Argun - information about the territory, population and history of changes in the administrative-territorial division on the site 行政 区划 网(Chinese)
- Map showing the entire county territory .
- Soviet military topographic map of 1988. Scale 1: 1,000,000. Fragment M-51
- Yu. V. ARGUDYAEVA Russian population in the Three Rivers
- The tragedy of the Russian Three Rivers
- Trip essay by priest Dionisy Pozdnyaev , who visited the county for several days in December 2000
- Klyaus V. L. “Russian” village on the map of the ethno-tourism route in Manchuria