Klany (palace)

The estate of Clagny near Versailles was acquired by the king in 1665. In 1674, Louis XIV for his official favorite of the Marquise de Montespan decided to build a palace. In the beginning, Antoine Lepotra was involved in the work. But his project was not liked by an influential customer. Under the patronage of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, design is entrusted to 28-year-old J. Arduin-Mansard. May 22, 1674 he presented a plan of the castle. On June 12, construction work began. In August 1675, Madame de Sevigne visited the palace, which she described to her daughter: “ We were in Clagny, and what will I tell you about it? This is the palace of Armida. The house is growing before our eyes, the gardens are ready . " Around the same time, Louis XIV paid a visit to Queen Maria Theresa , Madame de Montespan and the Great Dauphin with his wife. By 1680, construction work was largely completed.

The palace, made in a "large manner", consisting of a central pavilion under a tetrahedral dome, two-story wings covering the courtyard , topped with an attic roof , and one-story side galleries, was located on the terrace. On its sides were two stalls (floral, on the greenhouse side, and a lawn on the other side), and behind the stalls - bosquets from tall trees. A wide alley passed along the facade of the palace, and an oblong stall lay in front of the facade. It was covered by two terraces and ended at the wide pond of Clagny, which served as a reservoir for the Versailles fountains. On both sides of the stalls were thick bosquets of sheared greenery. In the palace, in addition to the two-tiered central salon, Arduen-Mansard created a gallery, which later served as a model for the Apollo gallery in the Louvre designed by him, and then the Versailles Mirror Gallery . This gallery is depicted on one of the famous portraits of the favorite.

After the Poison Case, the Sultana began to lose the king’s disposition and appeared less and less in Klany. Despite cooling off, the monarch formally presented her with an estate in 1685, mainly for the sake of their beloved eldest son . In June 1692, Madame de Montespan left for the monastery. In 1707, after her death, the owner of Clan became Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, Duke of Manx . In 1766, the estate returned to the Crown. By this time, the building, estimated by Madame de Sevigne at two million livres, the construction of which was occupied by 1,200 workers, was greatly affected by neglect and dampness as a result of forty years of desolation.

The city of Versailles, meanwhile, grew, and the quarter of Notre Dame came close to the estate. After the outbreak of malaria in 1736, the Klany pond, as the source of the disease, it was decided to fall asleep. Louis XV allocated 11 hectares of Maria Leshchinsky park. A very religious queen established a ursulinok monastery on these lands. By 1769 the castle of Klany was dismantled. Part of the stone went to the construction of a neighboring monastery, erected from 1767 to 1772 according to the project of Richard Mika . The new complex, in addition to the monastery itself, included an educational home for young girls and a housing for elderly people. Now the Queen’s Monastery is a lyceum in Osh. The remains of the favorite “ King of the Sun ” park were destroyed during the Second Empire .

• Klanyi (about the park)
• Francoise de Montespan

• Levron J. The best works of French architects of the past M., Stroyizdat , 1986
• Peruse de Monclo J.-M. Versailles. M., Slovo , 2001