Stanislav Wojciechowski ( Polish: Stanisław Wojciechowski ; March 15, 1869 , Kalisz - April 9, 1953 , Golombki , near Warsaw ) - Polish politician, President of Poland in 1922 - 1926 .
| Stanislav Wojciechowski | |||||||||
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| Stanisław Wojciechowski | |||||||||
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| Predecessor | Gabriel Narutovich Maciej Ratay (acting) | ||||||||
| Successor | Maciej Ratay (acting) Ignacy Moscitsky | ||||||||
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| Head of the government | Ignacy Jan Paderewski Leopold Skulsky | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Stanislav Tugutt | ||||||||
| Successor | Jozef Kuczynski | ||||||||
| Birth | March 15, 1869 Kalish , Kalish Province , Kingdom of Poland , Russian Empire | ||||||||
| Death | April 9, 1953 ( 84) Golombki , near Warsaw , Poland | ||||||||
| Burial place | Catholic church of St. John the Baptist | ||||||||
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Biography
Stanislav Wojciechowski was born March 15, 1869 in the city of Kalish , which was part of the Russian Empire, in a noble family. In 1888-1891 he studied mathematics and physics at the University of Warsaw . He was a member of two underground organizations at the university - ZET (Union of Polish Youth) and the Union of Workers. In 1891 he was arrested for participating in the Polish socialist movement, which advocated the independence of Poland. After his release, Wojciechowski moves to Paris , where he takes part in the Paris Congress. In 1892, Wojciechowski participated in the creation of the Polish Socialist Party [1] . There he met and made friends with Jozef Pilsudski . Wojciechowski has always opposed terror as a political tool. In 1895 he was arrested and expelled from France, and until 1899 he remained in France illegally. In 1899, Wojciechowski moved to London , where he studied the trade union movement and helped publish the Przedswit periodical. In 1905, Wojciechowski, together with Pilsudski, edited and published The Worker. In 1906, Wojciechowski returns to Poland, leaves the ranks of the Polish Socialist Party and works on the creation of Polish trade unions. He founded the weekly Spolem.
During the First World War, Wojciechowski, who believed that Germany now poses a greater threat to Poland, moved to Moscow, where he was elected chairman of the Council of the Association of Polish Parties. In 1918, he helped create the Polish Army in Russia, but he left Moscow under the threat of arrest. From 1919 to 1920 he worked as Minister of the Interior in three different governments of Poland. At the same time, Stanislav Wojciechowski was involved in drafting the Polish constitution. In 1922 he was elected to the Sejm from the Polish Peasant Party "Piast".
On December 20, 1922, at the National Assembly, he was elected President of Poland after the murder in Warsaw of Gabriel Narutovich . He has been in this post from December 22, 1922 to May 14, 1926. In 1926, Stanislav Wojciechowski, during the May coup, was ousted from power by his old friend Jozef Pilsudski. After that, Wojciechowski lived a private life and died in Golombki , near Warsaw in 1953 at the age of 84.
Proceedings
Stanislav Wojciechowski is the author of works on the cooperative movement: “The cooperative movement in England” (1907) and “Cooperation in its historical development” (1923).
Notes
- ↑ Wojciechowski Stanislav - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .