Lexicon

There are two types of vocabulary: active and passive .

Active vocabulary includes words that a person uses in speaking and writing.

Passive vocabulary includes words that a person recognizes when reading or hearing, but does not use them himself in oral speech and writing. Passive vocabulary is usually several times more active.

Russian language

In the Russian literary language there are about 500 thousand roots, and dozens of words derived from them ^[1] . The Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language by V. I. Dahl has about 200 thousand words. The most common words, according to the “ Frequency Dictionary of the Russian Language ” edited by L. N. Zasorina , are about 30 thousand words, and a little more than 6 thousand words have the highest frequency, covering more than 90% of the texts processed in compiling this dictionary.

However, the "alphanumeric word index to PSS Lenin" is controversial counting methodology, as well as the vocabulary of the language of A. S. Pushkin. For example, in the PSS of V.I. Lenin: anarchist, anarchist, anarchist, minister-clown, absolutely necessary, parliamentary-impeccable, parliamentarian-communist, parliamentarian-socialist, etc. are counted. ^{[2] The} same "methodology" is used by the " Dictionary of the Pushkin language ." For example, “leaf”, “leaf”, “leaf”, “leaf”; “Tsar” and “Tsar Cannon” are counted as separate words ^[3] .

English language

According to the compilers of the dictionaries Webster (Third International Dictionary) and Oxford English Dictionary (Second Edition, 1993) , the English language has 470 thousand ^[4] words.

But some researchers argue that when counting English words, it is necessary to take into account all neologisms , including words from Internet blogs and other unofficial resources, as well as words used only in varieties of the English language, for example, in China and Japan.

Japanese language

Japanese language contains about 900 thousand words. Japanese Ministry of Education evaluates the active vocabulary of the Japanese, it is it who recommends to its compatriots 1850 hieroglyphs for everyday use, of which 881 are studied in primary and secondary schools. On average, a Japanese manages 500 hieroglyphs in everyday life, and newspapers and magazines use 3,000 hieroglyphs.

• Vocabulary
• Lexical diversity coefficient
• Terminology
• Concept space
• Ellochka-cannibal dictionary

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• Gorbachevich K., Is it possible for us to predict? (On the future of the Russian language) , Russian Studies , Berlin, 1990, 2 pp. 70-80