Saint Stephen IV (V) ( Latin Stephanus PP. IV (V) ; c. 770 - January 24, 817 ) - Pope from June 22, 816 to January 24, 817 .
| Saint Stephen IV (V) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| lat Stephanus PP. IV (V) | |||
 | |||
| |||
| June 22, 816 - January 24, 817 | |||
| Church | Roman catholic church | ||
| Predecessor | Leo III | ||
| Successor | Easter I | ||
| Birth name | Stephen | ||
| Birth | OK. 770 Rome , Italy | ||
| Death | January 24, 817 Rome , Italy | ||
| Buried | |||
| Father | Marin | ||
Biography
Stephen was a Roman nobleman, the son of a noble Roman named Marin. He belonged to the same family from which popes Sergius II and Adrian II came out [1] . At a young age, he was recruited to the Lateran Palace during the pontificate of Pope Adrian I, and under Pope Leo III, Stefan was ordained as subdeacon and then deacon . Stefan was very popular among the Roman people [2] . On June 12, 816, Pope Leo III died . Upon learning of his death, the crowd plundered suburban papal palaces. 10 days later, on June 22, Stephen IV (V) was elected the new pope. There is an assumption that his quick election was an attempt by the Roman clergy to prevent the interference of Emperor Louis I the Pious in the election [2] .
Since Stephen was elected without the consent of the emperor, he sent the emperor a notice of his election, ordering the Romans to swear allegiance to the emperor [3] . After this, Stephen IV decided to personally visit Louis I and, accompanied by the King of Italy Bernard , arrived in the Frankish state at the end of July [4] . In early October, the pope and the emperor met in Reims , and Louis I the Pious solemnly bowed to him three times. At Sunday Mass on October 5, 816, Pope Stephen IV solemnly crowned Louis I and his wife Irmengard in the Reims Church with a gold crown brought with them [5] . This event is regarded by some historians as an attempt by the papacy to take over the authority to recognize and proclaim kings, since in 813 Louis I was already crowned without the participation of the pope [6] .
Louis I gave Pope valuable gifts, including a piece of land (most likely in Vandevre-sur-Bars ) provided by the Roman church [7] . The king and pope also renewed a treaty confirming the privileges of the Roman church. Stephen IV ordained Bishop Theodulf to the rank of archbishop, and Louis I in response freed the Roman prisoners captured by the emperor as a result of the conflict under Pope Leo III [8] .
After visiting Ravenna on the way back from Reims, Stephen IV returned to Rome until the end of November 816 [9] . Shortly after his return, he died on January 24, 817, and was buried in St. Peter's Basilica. Stephen IV was canonized as a holy Catholic church [10] .
Notes
- ↑ Mann, pgs. 111–112
- ↑ 1 2 Mann, pg. 112
- ↑ Mann, pgs. 112–113
- ↑ Mann, pgs. 113–114
- ↑ Tegan. Acts of the Emperor Louis, 17 ; Annales regni Francorum, a. 816.
- ↑ Duffy, pg. 78
- ↑ Mann, pg. 117–118
- ↑ Mann, pgs. 118–119
- ↑ Mann, pg. 119
- ↑ Artaud de Montor, The lives and times of the Roman Pontiffs, from St. Peter to Pius IX Volume 1 (1867), pg. 94
Links
- Konskiy P.A. Stefan, popes // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Duffy, Eamon, Saints and Sinners: A History of the Popes, Yale University Press (1997)
- Mann, Horace K., The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages, Vol. II: The Popes During the Carolingian Empire, 795–858 (1906).