Mytishchi dragging from Yauza to Klyazma

From the annals it is known that in the XII century from the Chernigov land the path to the Rostov-Suzdal land went through the Oka , the Moscow River , the Yauza and Klyazma . Somewhere near Mytishchi, goods were redirected to Klyazma and continued on their way. There were also other ways, there were also names like "mytishche", there was, for example, the village of Mytishchevo. This indicates that trade duties ( washes ) were collected in many places where water trade routes passed.

Later, when water trade routes began to be abandoned, such duty-collection points were called “Mytishchi”, which meant that they had once collected a wash. In Ivanovo , Yaroslavl , Novgorod , Kiev , Rivne and Moscow there are settlements with the name Mytishchi .

The first written mention of the name “Yauzsky Mytishche” refers to 1454 - 1460 . The historian Stepan Veselovsky wrote about the water trade route from Yauza to Klyazma: “They went up the river Yauza in boats to the place where she turned almost at a right angle to the south and goes into a large peat bog. Here are currently Mytishchi. From Mytishchi there was a drag of seven kilometers to Klyazma. Boats dragged by land descended to Klyazma near the existing settlement Gorodishchi. Near the Settlement is Bolshevo , and on the other bank of the Klyazma, opposite Bolshevo , lies the village of Baskaki. ... The Yauzsky wash served as a good income, and a Khan Baskak was planted here to control its income. The memory of this remained in the village of Baskaki. In the XIV century, the Yauz path was abandoned. At the end of the 14th century , mills and mill dams are mentioned on the Yauza River. When the Yauzsky path was abandoned, then ... the town became unnecessary, and started ... the settlement Gorodishche appeared on the site of the town. "

The wolf could start from the river Worker , which flows into Yauza . Rising along it several hundred meters up, the vessels with goods stopped near the ravine on the right, traces of which are still visible. Here the goods were unloaded to be dragged, as Stepan Veselovsky writes, to Klyazma . In turn, Klyazma also had a ravine. The question arises: were they not artificial, forming similar harbors for stopping boats? If this is the case, then the route from one ravine to another was precisely the place of transport of goods.

At one time, the historian of the last century, I. E. Zabelin , suggested a different route for the dragging, and it is impossible to deny it completely either. He believed that in the upper Yauza , where the swamp is now located, there could have been a large lake before, from which the dragging into Klyazma began . In support of this version, there is indirect evidence. In the documents of the 15th century , a hut laid from the village of Kostino towards the Yauz swamp is mentioned. The word "hat" is of Slavic origin and means "passage through the swamp." But such a way of transporting goods could exist before the appearance of the Pereyaslav (then Trinity) road , since with its appearance a bridge on the road blocked the way for ships. One way or another, but the version of Zabelin deserves attention.

However, the first version seems more plausible, based on the following documentary data. In the XVI century, near the Bolshevo , the wasteland of Loshakovo was mentioned. In turn, near the river Rabotny there was a small village under the same name. Obviously, it was not by chance that these villages with the same name were located at the ravines, the supposed transshipment points from one river to another. In these villages there could be horses that were necessary for the transport of goods. As you know, the word "horse", that is, "horse" in Russia was borrowed from the Turkic language, with the subsequent addition of the suffix -k, turning into the word "horse". Consequently, the name Loshakovo came from this word. These were villages where horses were kept for transporting goods from river to river.