Tsarev

The name of the village, as well as the names of the Volga cities of Saratov , Tsaritsyn , is of Turkic origin (the name is along the Tsarevka River), therefore, it is not Tsarev that is pronounced, but Tsarev.

The village is located near the ruins of the former capital of the Golden Horde of the city ​​of Saray-Berke ( Tsarevskoe settlement ).

The first inhabitants of Tsarev came from the Voronezh province , who requested permission to relocate to the river. Akhtuba in 1805 .

In 1836, Tsarevka settlement was renamed the county town Tsarev of the Saratov province , which in 1850 , when the Samara province was formed , became part of the Astrakhan province ; to it was attached the settlement of Solodovka, populated by the Tatars .

In 1842 there were 4723 inhabitants in Tsarev, in 870 - 8191, and according to the 1897 census - 6977, consisting of 1,249 households. According to the census, the mother tongue indicated: Russian (Great Russian) - 3,873, Ukrainian (Little Russian) - 2,439, Tatar - 616 ^[2] .

In 1899 the population of Tsarev was out of 5709 people, including 89 noblemen , 16 Orthodox clergy , 11 Muslims , 40 merchants , 4,934 bourgeois , 148 peasants , 94 military personnel, retired lower ranks and their families - 375. According to the religion of the Orthodox, 4,633 people, schismatics - 450, Muslims - 605. According to the nationality of the Russians, 4,929 people, Ukrainians - 145, Tatars - 605.

At the end of the 19th century , there were 804 courtyards in the village, 2 Orthodox churches (one of them was stone), a mosque, 7 male colleges and schools, 1 female parish school, and a Tatar mekteba in Solodovka. There was a hospital with 10 beds, a pharmacy, 6 drinking establishments, 18 shops, 20 windmills, 1 tannery, a city public bank, a city library, and a local committee of the Red Cross Society. The city had the character of a rural settlement, residents were engaged in cultivation, cattle breeding and partly gardening, there were only 250 people artisans .

In 1914, a two-story building of a male gymnasium ^[3] .

From the first decade of the 20th century, after the construction of the railway, which passed away from the city, the “sunset” of the city of Tsarev begins. Livestock trade has moved to other locations and provinces. The rapid shallowing of the Akhtuba River made steamboat communications impossible with the city of Tsaritsyn . In the harsh winter of 1910-1911, Tsarevsky Gardens froze. Tsarev every year began to lose its economic significance ^[3] . As a result of the 1917 revolution and the ensuing civil war, part of the wealthy citizens of the city emigrated abroad, fearing a new government. The city itself was attacked by gang groups that arose at that time. In 1925, the city ​​of Tsarev was renamed the village of Tsarev, and the administrative center of the county was moved to the village of Prishib, which was renamed the city of Leninsk ^[3] .

In 1922, near the village a meteorite fell, later called the Tsarevsky Meteorite.

In the thirties, Tsarev was in the zone of "starving Volga". Many residents died of starvation, some moved to other places in search of a better life for themselves and their families ^[3] .

In 1961, the Leninsky state farm was created in Tsarev (it went bankrupt in the early 1990s) ^[3]

In 2012, the village was gasified ^[4] .

The village is located on the left bank of the Akhtuba River, on the border of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain and semi-desert regions of the Caspian lowland , between the villages of Zayar and Zaplavnoe . To the north of the village is a small lake, Kuzhury ^[5] , at an altitude of 9 meters below sea level ^[6] . The soil cover is complex: in the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain, floodplain meadow soils, meadow-brown desert-steppe soils are widespread, solonetzes (automorphic) are found over the floodplain, and brown desert-steppe and light chestnut chestnut solonetzic and solonchak soils ^[7] .

By road, the distance to the regional center of Volgograd is 77 km, to the regional center of Leninsk - 19 km, to the city of Volzhsky - 56 km ^[8] . Near the village there is a regional highway highway Astrakhan - Volzhsky - Engels - Samara .

Climate

The climate is sharply continental , arid (according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification - Dfa ). The average annual air temperature is + 8.5 ° C, the average temperature of the coldest month of January is 7.7 ° C, the hottest month of July is + 24.7 ° C. The estimated long-term rainfall is 352 mm. The least rainfall occurs in April (21 mm), the largest in June (38 mm) ^[6]

Timezone

Tsarevsky Zemstvo male gymnasium was built in 1914 . Located at: Lenin street, 17A.

In 1911, residents of the county town Tsarev turned to the State Duma with a request to open a gymnasium. A gymnasium was opened three years later. Since 1952, the Tsarevskaya secondary school has been located in the building. In 1989, an extension was made to the building - the new school building. Since 1995, a museum has been operating at the school, which in 2003 was given the name "School Complex Museum of Local Lore". The educational institution is located in the center of the village, which is 80 km from the city of Volgograd and 59 km from the city of Volzhsky, 12 km from the regional center - the city of Leninsk ^[14] .

Transport communication is provided by fixed-route taxis No. 102 and 102K, as well as by a bus that makes a flight 2 times a day. At the moment, the bus was canceled due to the bankruptcy of the Lenin convoy, and route 102K was also closed.

• Tsarev, the county town of Astrakhan province // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Site dedicated to the village of Tsarev.

• Tsarev ( No. 0013684 ) / Register of the names of geographical objects on the territory of the Volgograd Region as of December 6, 2018 // State Catalog of Geographical Names. rosreestr.ru.
• Map sheet M-38-127 Solodniki . Scale: 1: 100 000. Indicate the date of issue / condition of the area .