Gelfreich, Vladimir Georgievich

Born March 12 ( 24 ), 1885 in St. Petersburg in the family of a civil servant. He graduated from a real school, studied for two years in a private drawing school. In 1906 he entered the Architectural Department of the Higher Art School at the Imperial Academy of Arts , which he graduated with honors in 1914, completing the diploma project of the State Council building under the guidance of Professor L.N. Benois . During his studies at the Academy, he began working in the workshop of the academician of architecture V. A. Shchuko , who had a noticeable influence on the future career of Gelfreich ^{[2] [3]} .

Since 1918, Gelfreich was the permanent co-author of V. A. Schuko; their cooperation continued until the death of Schuko in 1939. The first joint work of architects after the October Revolution was the design and construction of pavilions of the Foreign Department of the All-Russian Agricultural and Handicraft Exhibition in Moscow in 1922-1923. The period of the 1920s includes architects' projects in Petrograd — Leningrad — Smolny’s propylaea , monuments to V. I. Lenin (at Troitsky Bridge , Revolution Bridge and Finland Station ), the house of culture of the Moscow-Narva District; Schuko and Gelfreich took part in a number of competitions, including the project of the Soviet pavilion at the World Exhibition in Paris , the project of the Ukrainian SSR Industry House in Kharkov , the Labor Palace in Ivanovo , the House of Soviets in Tula and several others ^{[4] [3]} .

The design of the Palace of the Soviets played an important role in their joint activities: they participated in the first and second closed competitions for the design of the Palace (1932-1933; in collaboration with A.P. Velikanov , L.M. Polyakov , I.E. Rozhin , G. V. Selyugin, Selyakova-Shukhaeva, A.F. Khryakov , G.V. Schuko , etc.). As a basis, a project was carried out by architect B. M. Iofan . B. M. Iofan, V. G. Gelfreikh and V. A. Shchuko with their architectural team were entrusted with the subsequent development of this project (1933-1939) ^[5] .

In 1918-1935, Gelfreich taught at the Leningrad VKhUTEIN (the former Academy of Arts, since 1931 the LIZA named after I. E. Repin) ^[2] . He taught at the Moscow Higher Art-Industrial College (1959-1967).

Since 1935, Gelfreich actively participated in the reconstruction of Moscow, developed a layout option for the south-west of Moscow (1935-1937).

Significant work during the war years was the construction of the third stage of the Moscow Metro - the ground lobby and the apron hall of the Elektrozavodskaya station (project of 1938, opened in 1944; co-author I. Ye. Rozhin ), the ground lobby of the Novokuznetskaya station (1943).

V. G. Gelfreich created a project for the apron hall of the Botanical Garden station (now Prospekt Mira , 1949; co-author M. A. Minkus , sculptor G. I. Motovilov ).

The project of the Pantheon - Monument to the eternal glory of the great people of the Soviet country on the Lenin Hills (1954; co-author M.A. Minkus ; competition).

In 1957-1958, V. G. Gelfreich took part in architectural competitions for the project of the Palace of Soviets on the Lenin Hills (co-author M. A. Minkus ).

In the 1950s, he developed a project for the reconstruction of Smolenskaya Square (together with P.P. Steller , V.V. Lebedev , with the participation of V.N.

He died on August 7, 1967 in Moscow , was buried in the Novodevichy cemetery (plot number 7).

In Petrograd - Leningrad

• Propylaea of Smolny (1923; co-author V.A. Schuko ).
• Water tower with 5000 buckets in Volkhovstroy .
• Secondary step-down substations of Volkhovstroi on Vasilievsky Island, the Vyborg and Petrograd sides (1925-1926; co-author V. A. Schuko )
• House of State Industry of the Ukrainian SSR - Gosprom in Kharkov (1925; competition)

In Moscow

• Library building named after V.I. Lenin (1928-1958, competition);
• House of the People's Commissariat of Industry on Red Square (1934);
• Bolshoi Kamenny Bridge (1936-1938; co-authors: V. A. Shchuko, M. A. Minkus);
• House of Justice on Frunze Embankment (1937; co-authors: V. A. Schuko, I. V. Tkachenko , I. E. Rozhin ; competition);
• The main pavilion of the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition with the tower of the Constitution (1939; co-authors: V. A. Schuko, G. V. Schuko );
• panorama "Storming Perekop" (1941; co-author I. E. Rozhin ).
• project planning and development of Smolenskaya Square (1956, together with V.P. Sokolov , M.A. Minkus , L.V. Varzar);

Moscow high-rise buildings

A bright page in the creative biography of architect V. G. Gelfreich is participation in the creation of the first Moscow high-rise buildings. He completed the design of a high-rise administrative building on Smolenskaya Square (1947-1953; co-author M. A. Minkus ), supervised the creation of ensembles in Smolenskaya Square and Kievsky Station Square (1953), composition nodes of Kutuzovsky Prospekt and Victory Square (1953-1958), planning and development of residential areas Kuntsevo (1957-1959), Fili - Mazilovo (1956), Rublevo , Davydkovo . Under his leadership, not only mass housing construction was carried out, but also the creation of large public buildings, including the building of the Battle of Borodino panorama (1962).

In other cities

• Rostov Drama Theater named after M. Gorky (1930-1935; co-author V. A. Shchuko; competition; completed);
• Government House of the Abkhaz ASSR in Sukhumi ;
• Monument to 26 Baku commissars;
• House of State Industry of the Ukrainian SSR - Gosprom in Kharkov (1925; competition; the project arrived later);
• Palace of Culture in Kuibyshev (1936; co-author V. A. Schuko);
• Matsestinsky viaduct (co-authors: Schuko V.A., Z. O. Brod , A.F. Khryakov);
• Rzhev - restoration and reconstruction (1944-1945, co-author G.V. Schuko );
• Khreshchatyk in Kiev (1944-1945; co-authors: A.P. Velikanov, I.E. Rozhin, G.V. Schuko );
• Center of Stalingrad (1944-1945; co-authors: I. E. Rozhin, G. V. Schuko );
• Orel - the city center (1945-1947, co-authors: V. A. Gaykovich , G. Schuko );
• The building of the regional museum and library in Birobidzhan .

• Hero of Socialist Labor (1965)
• The Stalin Prize of the first degree (1946) - for the architectural design of the Elektrozavodskaya station and the upper lobby of the Novokuznetskaya station of the L. M. Kaganovich Moscow Metro
• Stalin Prize of the first degree (1949) - for the architectural design of the building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR on Smolenskaya Square
• two orders of Lenin
• three orders of the Red Banner of Labor
• two orders of the Badge of Honor
• medals

• Stalin's Empire

• Pekareva N.A. V. Gelfreich (1885-1967). - M .: Moscow Worker, 1988 .-- S. 175-181.
• Moscow Encyclopedia / S.O. Schmidt . - M .: Publishing Center "Moskvovedenie", 2007. - T. I, Faces of Moscow. - S. 362. - 639 p. - 10 000 copies - ISBN 978-5-903633-01-2 .
• Tolstoy I.A. Vladimir Alekseevich Schuko (1878-1939) // Masters of Soviet architecture on architecture / Comp. M. G. Barkhin, Yu. S. Yaralova. - M .: Art, 1975 .-- T. 2 . - S. 255-263 .
• Yearbook of the Society of Architects-Artists. Issue 12. Leningrad. 1927. Page 31-33, 165-167, 172-175.
• Yearbook of the Society of Architects-Artists. Issue XIV. Leningrad. 1935. Page 228-242.
• Research Museum of the Academy of Fine Arts (NIMAH).
• Kornfeld Y. A. Stalin Prize laureates in architecture. 1941-1950. Moscow: State publishing house on construction and architecture. 1953.
• Pekareva N. Vladimir G. Gelfreich " Architecture of the USSR ." 1960, No. 6, p. 51-54.
• Architecture and construction of Moscow. 1965, No. 3. Page 34, 35. "The indefatigable hard worker." Volodin P.