Zhorov, Isaac Solomonovich

Isaac Zhorov was born in the family of a craftsman in Mogilev in 1898. In 1915 he entered the feldsher school, worked as a rural doctor in the Mogilev province, occupied by the Germans. In February 1918 he joined the ranks of the Red Army , participated in the civil war . After the war, Zhorov was seconded to study in Moscow at the medical faculty of Moscow State University , was a student of N. N. Burdenko and P. A. Herzen ^[2] . After graduation, he worked as chief surgeon in Moscow hospitals on Basmannaya and Trekhgornaya. And he himself became the founder of the school of surgery and anesthesiology. 5 days after the outbreak of the war, I. S. Zhorov voluntarily went to the front.

In 1937 he published the monograph "Non-inhalation anesthesia in surgery", which became a classic textbook.

During the Great Patriotic War

At the beginning of World War II, Zhorov served as chief surgeon of the 31st army , and then was appointed chief surgeon of the legendary 33rd army . In 1941, together with parts of the 33rd Army, he was surrounded, was shell-shocked. During the occupation, he organized the work of the hospital for local residents and prisoners. Since 1942, he led an underground group for the transfer of wounded soldiers to partisans under the guise of dead patients. On March 11, 1943, the district was liberated by units of the Soviet Army, was appointed chief surgeon of the 1st Belorussian Front (under the command of Marshal Rokossovsky ). Zhorov supervised the medical support of the largest offensive operations of the Soviet Army in the Orel-Kursk arc , in the Wisla Oder and Berlin operations . The personal archive of I. S. Zhorov contains letters from the Commander of the 1st Belorussian Front, Marshal of the Soviet Union K.K. Rokossovsky, Marshal of Artillery V.I. Kazakov , Colonel-General of the Tank Forces G.N. his military merits and personally performed operations that saved the lives of thousands of soldiers and officers.

Return to Science

After the war, I. S. Zhorov returned to scientific and teaching at the First Medical Institute as the head of the department of faculty surgery. Under his leadership, 19 doctoral and 55 master's theses were defended and written.

Zhorov was elected an honorary member of the Royal College of Surgery of Great Britain , the Society of Anesthetists of Ireland and the United Kingdom, the Medical Society of Czechoslovakia named after Purkinje, anesthetists and resuscitators of Germany and many others.

He published 160 printed works, 7 monographs. Such works as “The Development of Anesthesia in Russia and the USSR”, “General Anesthesia in Surgery” served as the basis for the country's first leadership - “General Anesthesia” (1964). I. S. Zhorov four times won medals of VDNH of the USSR for his developments in the field of medical equipment and medicines for anesthesia and resuscitation. These works made the professor the head of the school of anesthesiologists in our country. The clinic, led by Isaac Zhorov, is becoming a leader in anesthesiology.

Doctors' Case

In 1953, Zhorov publicly spoke from the rostrum of the First Medical Institute in defense of the accused in the Doctors' Case , calling them the pride of Soviet medicine. Zhorov was arrested. Personally, G. Zhukov and K. Rokossovsky interceded for him. He was released after the death of Stalin and the end of the case of doctors ^[3] .

Isaac Solomonovich Zhorov died on April 17, 1976 in Moscow and was buried at Novodevichy Cemetery , plot No. 3.

Wife - Princess Elena Petrovna Romanova (1902-1993), MD, professor, in 1953-1969 - head of the department of pregnancy pathology at the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Health of the RSFSR .

Son - Vladimir Isaakovich Zhorov (1924-2002) - Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Daughter - Irina Isaakovna Zhorova (1940-1985), cardiologist.

Granddaughter Tatyana (born 1952).

I. S. Zhorov published 160 printed works, 7 monographs. Some scientific monographs and publications:

• Non-inhalation anesthesia in surgery. - 1937.
• The development of pain relief in Russia and the USSR. - 1951.
• General anesthesia in surgery. - M. , 1959.
• General anesthesia. - M .: Medicine, 1964.

Memoirs:

• Zhorov I.S. Behind Enemy Lines near Vyazma. // Military History Journal , 1965, No. 6.

• Svetlana Zhorova. Life devoted to the fight against pain (neopr.) . // Magazine "Mishpoha" (No. 6, 2000). Date of treatment May 23, 2011. Archived on April 7, 2012.