1912 in science

In 1912 there were various scientific and technological developments, some of which are presented below.

Content

Debye and Bourne refined Einstein's theory of heat capacity; agreement with experience was achieved.
Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift .

January 17 - Robert Scott with the team reached the South Pole of the Earth .
Austrian physicist Victor Franz Hess discovered cosmic rays .
J. Thomson discovered the existence of isotopes .
Crystal X -ray diffraction is discovered.
The Pashen - Tank Effect is discovered.
Casimir Funk isolated vitamins .
It is shown that lead and tin enter the superconducting state at low temperatures.
Mineralist chemist K. A. Nenadkevich investigated the Tuya-Muyunskoye uranium ore deposit , showed in his works that the main carrier of uranium is aqueous calcium uranyl vanadate, and proposed to call this material tyuyununit ^[1] .

Lomonosov Prize ^[2]
- D.S. Rozhdestvensky for his work devoted to the study of anomalous vapor dispersion in the immediate vicinity of the corresponding absorption bands ( Rozhdestvensky D.S. Anomalous dispersion in sodium vapor. St. Petersburg, 1912. 93 pp.)
- P. N. Chirvinsky for his essay on the mineralogical and chemical composition of granites and greisenes ( Chirvinsky P. N. Quantitative mineralogical and chemical composition of granites and greisen. M., 1911. VIII, 3-677.)
- Marked by an honorable review by A. A. Speransky for the results of four years of observations on various elements of atmospheric electricity ( A. Speransky, A Study of Atmospheric Electricity from Observations in Moscow. Moscow, 1911. 311 p.)
Copley Medal : Felix Klein
Rumford Medal : Camerling Onnes
Wollaston Medal in Geology: Lazarus Fletcher

Physics - Niels Gustav Dalen - "For the invention of automatic controllers used in combination with gas batteries for light sources on lighthouses and buoys."
Chemistry - Victor Grignard - "For the discovery of the Grignard reagent, which contributed to the development of organic chemistry"; Paul Sabatier - "For the method of hydrogenation of organic compounds in the presence of finely divided metals, which sharply stimulated the development of organic chemistry."
Medicine and Physiology - Alexis Carrel - "For the recognition of work on the vascular suture and transplantation of blood vessels and organs."

March 1 - Boris Evseevich Chertok (d. 2011) - an outstanding Soviet and Russian design scientist in the field of rocket and space technology.
March 9 - Yakov Efimovich Gordon (d. May 1978), Soviet astronomer.
March 23 - Werner von Braun (d. 1977), designer of rocket and space technology.
April 19 - Glenn Seaborg (d. 1999), chemist.
May 30 - Julius Axelrod (d. 2004), biochemist.
June 23 - Alan Turing (d. 1954), English mathematician .
September 7 - David Packard (d. 1996), engineer.

February 10 - Joseph Lister (b. 1827), surgeon.
February 12 - Osborne Reynolds (b. 1842), physicist.
OK. March 29 - Robert Scott (b. 1868), a traveler.
July 17 - Henri Poincaré ( fr. Jules Henri Poincaré ), b. 1854, French mathematician, physicist and theorist of science (genus 1854 ).