The vole is hard , also the vole is unpleasant , agrocybe is hard ( Latin Agrócybe dúra ), is a species of mushroom - basidiomycetes , belonging to the genus Vole of the family Strophariaceae .
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Agrocybe dura ( Bolton ) Singer , 1936 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
A species widespread in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere, determined by the absence of a floury smell, subtle remnants of a private bedspread, and also, as a rule, the surface of a hat cracking with age.
Content
- 1 Description
- 2 Value
- 3 Ecology and range
- 4 Synonyms
- 5 notes
- 6 Literature
Description
Fruit bodies are hat-legged. The cap is not hygrophanic, in young mushrooms it is hemispherical, then it opens to convex, flat-convex and flattened, sometimes in the center with a remaining obscure tubercle, 3.5-8.5 cm in diameter. The edge of the cap is first tucked, then straight. The surface is pale yellowish-white, whitish, when touched it darkens to yellowish or brownish, in the center is darker, yellow to yellowish-brown.
The plateau hymenophore , in young mushrooms, is hidden by a private veil, subsequently remaining in the form of yellowish fragments along the edge of the cap. Plates are 40–55, with 3–7 plates, first frequent, then rarer, notched, sometimes with a descending tooth, sometimes narrowly grown or loose, sometimes intertwined, branched, with an irregularly toothed or flaky edge, painted pale - brown or pale gray tones, then orange-brown, white along the edge.
Leg 4.5–9 (11) cm long and 3–9 mm thick, cylindrical or slightly club-shaped thickening toward the base, often widened at the apex, first with a ring, then only in some with its remains, hollow, banded or smooth above the ring , noticeably fibrous under the ring, sometimes obscurely scaly. The color of the legs is whitish, yellowish, light yellow-brown.
The pulp is soft, whitish or yellowish, above the plates with a gelled layer, without any particular smell, or with a faint mushroom or rare smell, sometimes with a weak mushroom or sour taste.
Basidia are mainly four-spore, cylindrical, 25–35 × 7–12 μm. The spores are oblong-elliptical to ovoid, 10.5-14 × 7-9-9 × 6-8 microns.
Value
Edible mushroom of low quality.
In 1950, the antibiotic agrocybin was isolated from the fruit bodies of a vole. Active against gram-positive bacteria.
Ecology and range
Saprotroph, fruiting bodies are formed singly or in small groups, on rich anthropogenically transformed soils.
Widely distributed in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere (Eurasia, North America).
Synonyms
- Agaricus durus Bolton, 1788 basionym
- Agaricus molestus Lasch , 1828
- Agaricus vermifluus Peck , 1897
- Agrocybe dura var. xanthophylla ( Bres. ) PDOrton , 1960
- Agrocybe molesta (Lasch) Singer, 1978
- Agrocybe vermiflua (Peck) Watling , 1976
- Dryophila dura (Bolton) Quél. , 1886
- Hylophila dura (Bolton) Quél., 1888
- Pholiota dura (Bolton) P. Kumm. , 1871
- Pholiota dura var. xanthophylla Bres., 1892
- Pholiota vermiflua (Peck) Sacc. , 1887
- Togaria dura (Bolton) WGSm. , 1908
Notes
Literature
- Nauta, M. Flora Agaricina Neerlandica. - 2005. - Vol. 6. - P. 209-211. - 227 p. - ISBN 90-5410-494-5 .