Unit production

Unit production has the following characteristics:

• the lack of a stable technological process, and therefore the impossibility of specialization of jobs , which entails the need for the use of highly skilled workers;
• the use of universal equipment, universal devices and tools with a wide range of technological equipment ;
• a very long production cycle, since when using equipment, tools, devices and other equipment, a lot of time is spent on setting up when moving from one operation to another;
• a high percentage of manual work;
• placement of equipment in groups by type.

The specified organization leads to underutilization of fixed assets, to low labor productivity and high cost of production (due to depreciation, high wages, overhead costs) and a slower turnover of funds.

In mechanical engineering at the enterprises of unit production:

• the number of manufactured products and the size of the operational batches of billets are calculated in pieces and tens of pieces;
• at workplaces, various technological operations are performed that are repeated irregularly or not repeated at all;
• universal precision equipment is used, which is placed in the workshops according to technological groups (turning, milling, gear-cutting, drilling, etc. section);
• special devices and tools , as a rule, are not used (they are created only if it is impossible to carry out operations without special technological equipment );
• initial blanks - the simplest ( rolled , cast into the ground , forgings) with low accuracy and large allowances ;
• the required accuracy is achieved by trial moves and measurements using markings;
• interchangeability of parts and assemblies in many cases is absent, local fitting is widely used;
• the qualifications of the workers are very high, since the quality of the products depends on it to a large extent;
• technological documentation shortened and simplified;
• there are no technical standards ;
• empirical experimental standardization of labor is applied.