Osmia ( lat. Osmia ) - one of the largest genera of bees from the family Megachilidae . More than 350 species distributed around the world, of which about 130 species live in Europe .
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 Mating red osmium | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Content
Biology
Single bees, mostly spring, are important pollinators of flowering plants. They nest in free cavities (in wood, in soil, in hollow stems of plants, in empty shells of terrestrial mollusks and other shelters). For the construction of nests, mineral or plant materials brought from outside are used. The architecture and building material of nesting buildings is species-specific. In temperate latitudes they winter in the adult stage in a cocoon in a nest. The life span of an individual is about a month.
Distribution
Palearctic . Non-arctic . It does not go far south : not known from sub-Saharan Africa , Southeast Asia and Australia ; one species reaches Costa Rica .
Feature
Medium-sized, often with a metallic luster, heavily pubescent; males have long antennae; in females, the collecting apparatus on the lower surface of the abdomen. They nest in cracks in walls and stones, in reeds and other finished cavities. A common element of spring fauna of pollinators of garden species.
Species Osmia uncinata Gerstedt (hooked Osmiya), Osmia parietina Curtis (Wall Osmiya) and Osmia nigriventris Zetterstedt (Black-bellied Osmiya) are included in the List of animals requiring protection in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug [1] .
Synonyms of the genus
Taxa are located by years of synonymization.
- Osmia Panzer , 1806
- Amblys Klug , 1807
- Osmia (Ceratosmia) Thomson, 1872
- Osmia (Aceratosmia) Schmiedeknecht, 1885
- Osmia (Pachyosmia) Ducke, 1900
- Acanthosmiades Titus, 1904 (= Acanthosmioides)
- Osmia (Chalcosmia) Schmiedeknecht, 1885 (= Helicosmia)
- Gnathosmia Robertson, 1903 (= Helicosmia)
- Osmia (Cryptosmia) Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1950 (= Helicosmia)
- Osmia (Exosmia) Tkalcu, 1979 (= Hemiosmia)
- Nothosmia Ashmead, 1899 (= Melanosmia)
- Centrosmia Robertson, 1903 (= Melanosmia)
- Leucosmia Robertson, 1903 (= Melanosmia)
- Monilosmia Robertson, 1903 (= Melanosmia)
- Xanthosmia Robertson, 1903 (= Melanosmia)
- Chenosmia Sinha, 1958 (= Melanosmia)
- Osmia (Heterosmia) Tkalcu, 1993 (= Ozbekosmia)
- Osmia (Viridosmia) Warncke, 1988 (= Pyrosmia)
- Osmia (Caerulosmia) Zanden, 1988 (= Pyrosmia)
Classification
The genus includes more than 350 species of bees and about 20 subgenus.
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Some Views
- Osmium red
- Osmia alticola benoist
- Osmia aquilonaria Rightmyer, Griswold, & Arduser, 2010 [2]
- Osmia nearctica Rightmyer, Griswold, & Arduser, 2010
- Osmia disjuncta TkalcΕ―
- Osmia ephippiata Smith
- Osmia inermis ( Zetterstedt )
- Osmia ishikawai hirashima
- Osmia laticeps thomson
- Osmia maritima friese
- Osmia nigriventris ( Zetterstedt ) (Black-bellied Osmiya)
- Osmia pamirensis Gussakovskij
- Osmia parietina Curtis (Wall Osmiya)
- Osmia pilicornis smith
- Osmia steinmanni MΓΌller
- Osmia svenssoni TkalcΕ―
- Osmia tersula cockerell
- Osmia thoracica Radoszkowski
- Osmia uncinata GerstΓ€cker (hooked osmium)
- Osmia xanthomelana ( Kirby )
See also
- Purple Carpenter Bee
Notes
- β A list of taxa and populations of animals, plants, and fungi of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug that need special attention to their condition in the natural environment. (Retrieved December 28, 2010)
- β 1 2 Molly G. Rightmyer, Terry Griswold, and Michael S. Arduser. 2010. A review of the non-metallic Osmia (Melanosmia) found in North America, with additional notes on palearctic Melanosmia (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) . Zookeys. 2010; (60): 37-77.
Literature
- Osychnyuk A.Z. , Panfilov D.V., Ponomareva A.A. Superfamily Apoidea. // Key to insects of the European part of the USSR. L., 1978. T. 3, part 1: Hymenoptera. S. 279-518.
- Sandhouse GA (1939). The North American bees of the genus Osmia. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 1: 1β167.
- Sinha R. (1958). A subgeneric revision of the genus Osmia in the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). University of Kansas Science Bulletin 39: 211-261.
- Sinha R., Michener CD (1958). A revision of the genus Osmia, subgenus Centrosmia (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae). University of Kansas Science Bulletin 39: 275-303.
- TkalcΕ― B. (1995). Die Bienen der Tribus Osmiini der Mongolei (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen 57: 109-147.