Holo ( Philippe. Bayan ng Holo) is a city located on the northwest side of the island of Holo in the Philippines, the capital of the province of Sulu . The population is 125,564 inhabitants. Most of the population is Muslim , 90%. Christians - 10%. Some of the inhabitants are Chinese , mainly immigrants from Singapore .
| City | |
| Holo | |
|---|---|
| Jolo | |
| A country |  Philippines |
| History and Geography | |
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| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +63 68 |
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In the Middle Ages, Holo was the capital of the Sulanate of Sulu , and when Manila was still a small village, Holo was already a vibrant and developed city.
Content
History
According to the assumptions, the name Holo is derived from the Chinese words “hou lan”, in translation - “good people”, or “hou lo”, that is, “good community”. The natives of the island are representatives of the Tausug (Tausog) people, who belong to the group of Moro peoples who profess Islam . This religion was brought here by the Arabs , the first preacher was Karim ul-Mahdum, who arrived here in 1380. Then his work was continued by Raja Baginda and Saeed Abu-Bakr. The second of them became the first Sultan of Sulu.
Here was the residence of the Sultan, Astana Putih, that is, the White Palace. The Sultanate practically existed until 1936. After the expedition of Magellan, the Spaniards tried to conquer the Muslim population of the Sultanate, but they did not succeed right away. In addition, at a later time, in 1877, an agreement was concluded between Spain, England and Germany, which reduced the rights of the Spaniards in this territory, but gave freer access to other European powers. In 1899, like all the Philippine Islands, this area fell under the care of the Americans.
Since ancient times, local residents conducted trade with Chinese merchants. From 1770 to 1800, there was a massive influx of immigrants from South China, and a little later, when the population of Holo reoriented to trade with Singapore, immigrants from Singapore, but also of Chinese origin, began to dominate. As Portuguese navigator Joao Carvalho reports in a report, in Holo in 1803, 1,200 Chinese lived.
On January 27, 2019, a terrorist attack was committed inside the Cathedral of Our Lady of Carmel . According to preliminary information, 18 were killed and more than 80 injured. The responsibility for the attack was assumed by the Islamic State [3] .
Cultural traditions
The ethnonym tausog comes from local words and translates approximately as "people of water, people of the sea." This suggests that the natives from ancient times possessed the skills of navigation. They were also warlike. The territory of the former sultanate is also called Bangsamoro, which is translated from local languages as "Land of Moro." In addition to Arabs and Chinese, Indonesians also influenced the development of local residents. Therefore, in their traditions, mixed elements are noticeable. Among local traditions, national dances are interesting. Pangalai - folk festive wedding dance . Pangalai ha Agong - court dance. The musical instruments under which these dances are performed are kulintabbang, gabbang, agong.
Economics
Holo's economy is agrarian. It produces many tropical crops, coconut , abacus , coffee , mangosteen , durians , and others. In urban enterprises, workers are mainly engaged in shipbuilding , weaving, processing coffee and preserving fruits. An important industry is fishing .
Political Environment
Due to the fact that Holo is located in the zone of distribution of Islam, and the people have local national differences, the city is the center of various political conflicts. The influence is also exerted by closely located Muslim states, Indonesia and Malaysia . The Moro peoples defended their independence both during the years of Spanish rule and after. Between 1972 and 1976, a Muslim separatist rebellion took place under the rule of President Marcos . A total of 120,000 people died. This fight is being fought by the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF), which is now the leading party in the Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao. The radical Islamist group Abu Sayyaf is seeking complete independence from the Catholic government of the Philippines. Residences of this group are located in Holo and in Basilan. The group is engaged in terrorist activities. For example, in 2000, 21 tourists from France, Germany, Finland and South Africa were kidnapped, and a ransom of $ 20 million was requested. Journalists and reporters are also at risk. For the capture or surrender of the group’s leaders, the US government offers $ 5 million, and the Philippine government 10 million. The Sulu Islands and the city of Holo, in particular, are visited by many foreigners, both tourists and businessmen, so considerable work is being done by the United States to combat extremists .
Notes
- ↑ https://www.psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/attachments/hsd/pressrelease/ARMM.xlsx
- ↑ 2015 Census of the Philippines
- ↑ Jolo church attack: Many killed in Philippines . BBC News . Date of treatment January 27, 2019.