Furniture ( fr. Meuble , from lat. Mobile ) - a set of mobile or built-in products for the furnishings of residential and public buildings and various areas of a person [1] .
Designed for sitting, lying, cooking, writing and other work, dividing the room into separate zones. Furniture includes tables , chairs and stools , dressers , beds , armchairs and sofas , cabinets of various types and purposes, shelves and some other types.
Furniture can be produced as a separate furniture product , or as part of a set or a set ( furniture set ).
A separate category of furniture is storage furniture (equipment) in the form of metal racks, workbenches, cabinets, etc.
Content
Development History
The appearance of furniture dates back to the transition of primitive communities to settled [ when? ] . Furniture developed faster among those tribes who, due to climatic conditions, needed indoor spaces to a greater extent. The most important prerequisite for the development of furniture was also the availability of affordable material with the necessary strength, relatively low weight, and flexibility in processing.
Initially, those pieces of material that were closest to the desired shape of the product or part were selected for furniture. With the development of woodworking technologies, a change in the socio-economic structure and way of life, new types of furniture appeared and developed [ what? ] .
The development of furniture is also closely related to the development of artistic styles. Separate styles generated not only special types and designs of furniture, but also new ideas about its compositional patterns. In addition, the national traditions of life and art in general had a noticeable effect on the decorative, and partly compositional, features of furniture.
Furniture Nomenclature
- Table
- Coffee table
- Cupboard
- Stand
- Secretaire
- Whatnot
- Sideboard
- Trellis
- Dressing table
- Buffet
- Chest of drawers
- Chair
- Orthopedic chair
- Stool
- Armchair
- Sofa
- Bed
- Sofa
- Canapes
- Couch
- Deck chair
- Rocking chair
- Slide
- Hanger
- Screen
- Shelf
- Kitchen furniture
Manufacturing
- Furniture maker
- Woodworking
- carpenter
- cabinetmaker
- Materials used
- Natural wood (natural wood - solid wood furniture - the most environmentally friendly furniture for human health): board (solid wood ), furniture board , bar (glued wood), plywood
- The laminated plate (ДСтП), chipboard / chipboard , fiberboard , MDF , tamburate
- natural stone , artificial stone
- metal
- plastic , pvc
- glass mirror
- Upholstery , holofiber
- Famous Furniture Designers
- Tokujin Yoshioka
- Antonio Citterio
- Pierre Polen
- Mark Newson
- Gerrit Rietveld
Furniture industry
- Furniture factory
- famous manufacturers
- IKEA
See also
- Furniture styles
- Inflatable furniture
Notes
- ↑ GOST 20400-2013 Furniture production. Terms and Definitions
Literature
- Furniture - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- Gatsura, Henry . “ Furniture . Russian collection. Encyclopedia ", 2016; ISBN 978-5-905233-06-7 ;
- Gatsura, Henry . “ Furniture styles”, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008; ISBN 5-7949-0068-7 ;
- Gatsura, Henry . "Furniture and modern interiors", 2007, 2009, 2017; ISBN 5-7949-0997-8 , ISBN 978-5-905233-08-1 ;
- Gatsura, Henry . "Furniture and interiors of eclecticism ", 2007, 2011; ISBN 978-5-90523302-9 ;
- Gatsura, Henry . “Thonet Furniture”. History and catalog of furniture of the Brothers Tonet firm, 2001, 2013; ISBN 5-7949-0088-1 ;
- Gatsura, Henry . " Vienna furniture of Jacob & Joseph KON". History and catalog of furniture of the company “I & I. Kon”, 2008.
- Gatsura, Genrih " Jacob & Josef Kohn Furniture. J & J Kohn on the Furniture market of Imperial Russia »2008, ISBN 5-7071-0372-4 ;
- Gatsura, Henry . “Furniture of Europe. Album of measurements ”., 2011, ISBN 978-5-905233-01-2 .
- Belozerova V. G. “Furniture and Interiors of China ” (Furniture and Interiors of China), 2009; ISBN 978-5-7949-0994-4 .
- “Furniture of Russia 1-2”, a two-volume book of measurements of Russian furniture of the late 18th – mid-19th centuries, 2010, ISBN 579490992-7 ; ISBN 579490993-5 .
Links
- Furniture // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.