Yekaterinoslavsky ("Winter") campaign November 27, 1918 - January 2, 1919 - a campaign of volunteer units from Yekaterinoslav to the Crimea to join General Denikin’s Volunteer Army , carried out in late November 1918 - early January 1919. The campaign was attended by troops of the 8th corps of the Hetman Army (formerly 34th Infantry Division ) under the command of General Vasilchenko , as well as an officer volunteer squad, clandestinely formed by the Ekaterinoslav Volunteer Center. The total number of participants in the campaign was over 1050 people.
| Yekaterinoslav campaign "Winter" campaign | |||
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| Main Conflict: Civil War in Russia | |||
| date | November 27, 1918 - January 2, 1919 | ||
| A place | Yekaterinoslav province , Tauride province | ||
| Total | The main goals of the campaign were achieved (the transition of volunteers from Yekaterinoslav to Crimea ) | ||
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Content
Start of Campaign
In the days of the fall in power of the hetman of Skoropadsky , the 8th hetman corps, refusing to obey the rebel Petliurites, retained military discipline and took on a predominantly voluntary orientation. On November 23, 1918, there were armed clashes between the corps and the Petlyura troops, as a result of which Yekaterinoslav remained in the hands of volunteers . However, the situation around the city continued to be unsafe for the troops defending it. The corps leadership decided to go south to Crimea to join Denikin’s army. On the night of November 27-28, 1918, a detachment of corps units sailed south from Yekaterinoslav. The detachment was led by the commander of the 8th hetman corps, Major General I.M. Vasilchenko , chief of staff Colonel I.G. Konovalov, staff officers General P.G. Kisly, Bozhenko and Voltishchev.
The composition of the detachment that participated in the Yekaterinoslav campaign
The volunteer detachment, when speaking from Yekaterinoslav, had over a thousand people in its ranks. It was based on the 43rd and 44th infantry regiments (300-400 people), the Ekaterinoslav volunteer squad (about 250 people), led by Major General Batashev, Didenko and Colonel Dolzhenko, as well as the 7th cavalry Novorossiysk Regiment, led by Colonel Gusev (about 150-170 sabers). In addition, the squad included armored divisions of 4 vehicles, artillery, a radio station, an engineering platoon, and an infirmary. Most of the participants in the campaign were officers .
Campaign
For 34 days, the detachment with battles went over 500 miles. Due to the impossibility of moving through impenetrable autumn mud, as well as due to the lack of fuel, part of the armored vehicles was blown up at the very beginning of the campaign. Due to the impossibility of moving directly to Rostov-on-Don to the locations of the main forces of the Volunteer Army , due to the deployment on the route of the Makhnovist and Petlyura troops, the detachment decided to move along the right bank of the Dnieper in the direction of Perekop. Breaking through the ring, the detachment took the fight with the Petliurites on November 29 near the German colony of Neyenburg, then bloody battles with the Makhnovists on December 10 in the Maryinsky and Novovorontsovka areas and on December 11 near Dutchino followed. On December 13, a major victorious battle of volunteers with the formations of the self-proclaimed Ataman of the rebel forces of the Kherson region, Zaporozhye and Tavria by N. A. Grigoriev (who then became on the Petlyura platform) for taking possession of the crossing of the Dnieper took place . In the battle, one of the leaders of the Yekaterinoslav campaign was wounded General P. G. Kisly.
In the last days of December 1918 , the Yekaterinoslav detachment, led by General Vasilchenko, having lost some of the personnel during the fighting, arrived in Perekop . In early January 1919, Ekaterinoslav volunteers were transported to Dzhankoy , and then further to Simferopol .
The results of the Yekaterinoslav campaign
On the basis of the detachment that came from Yekaterinoslav to the Crimea , the command of the Volunteer Army formed the 4th Infantry Division of General Korvin-Krukovsky, the 34th Artillery Brigade and the Novorossiysk Horse Regiment . The headquarters of General Vasilchenko became part of the headquarters of the Crimean Azov Army, General A. Borovsky . On June 6, 1920, a special insignia was established for the participants in the campaign. The Yekaterinoslav campaign, by its nature, has much in common with the Drozdov campaign in the spring of 1918 and the Starobelsk campaign of the same time.
Literature and Sources
- Labinsky I. About the Yekaterinoslav campaign // Russia forgotten and unknown. White movement. Volume V. (1918 year in Ukraine).
- Omelyanovich-Pavlenko M. Spogadi commander (1917-1920). Kiev. - Tempora, 2007.
- Sakovich G. Yekaterinoslav campaign // Russia forgotten and unknown. White movement. Volume V. (1918 year in Ukraine).
- Gureev A. Yekaterinoslav campaign. - Sentinel, No. 405-407, 1964.
- On the 80th anniversary of the Yekaterinoslav campaign // Noble messenger ,. - 1998, No. 12 (55), p. 2 ..
- Volkov S.V. Encyclopedia of the Civil War. - M, 2004.
See also
- Vasilchenko, Ignatius Mikhailovich
- Campaign of Drozdovites Iasi - Don
- Armed forces of the South of Russia
- Category: Participants of the Yekaterinoslav campaign