Baron Mikhail Alexandrovich (von) Mengden (February 18 (March 1) 1781 - October 15 (27), 1855) - major general of the Russian imperial army , participant in the wars with Napoleon .
| Mikhail Alexandrovich Mengden | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Date of Birth | February 18 ( March 1 ) 1781 | ||
| Date of death | October 15 (27), 1855 ( 74) | ||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire | ||
| Type of army | infantry | ||
| Years of service | 1801-1828 intermittently | ||
| Rank | major general | ||
| Battles / wars | Battle of Austerlitz | ||
| Awards and prizes |
| ||
The son of Lieutenant Colonel Alexander Petrovich Mengden and Princess Feodosia Nikolaevna Kozlovskaya (d. 1827), factory owner. The owner of the linen-weaving table linen factory in the Nikolskoe estate of the Kostroma province (now the village of Soshniki, Vichugsky district, Ivanovo region ).
Content
- 1 Army service
- 2 Relations with the Decembrists
- 3 Factory in Nikolsky
- 4 Family
- 5 notes
Army Service
Dates in the old style.
- January 12, 1801 - entered service as a cadet in the College of Foreign Affairs .
- December 12, 1801 - transferred to the Life Guards Cadet in the Life Guards Jaeger Regiment .
- Member of the wars of 1805 ( Austerlitz ) and 1806-1807. , twice wounded and awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th class with a bow, second lieutenant - 18.5.1806, lieutenant - 11/14/1806, staff captain - 11/12/1807, captain - 12.2. 1810.
- October 10, 1811 - transferred to the Life Guards Finnish Regiment , October 13, 1811 - Colonel.
- September 2, 1812 - captured by the French in Moscow, where he was ill (typhoid). Staged in France, he lived with the courtyard chef Kondrat in the town of Dre, in Brittany . He returned from France in 1814 after the arrival of Russian troops in Paris.
- On August 30, 1816, he was promoted to major general with the appointment of being the head of the 7th Infantry Division.
- September 11, 1816 - commander of the 3rd Brigade of the 25th Infantry Division.
- February 18, 1819 - commander of the 1st combined pioneer brigade.
- July 3, 1820 - commander of the 1st Brigade of the 18th Infantry Division.
- March 6, 1823 - dismissed from service.
- March 18, 1825 - re-assigned to the service with the appointment to be with the head of the 2nd Infantry Division.
- December 6, 1827 - appointed to be under the head of the 3rd Infantry Division.
- January 5, 1828 - dismissed.
Relations with the Decembrists
Von Mengden was closely associated with the Decembrists . The Decembrists were cousins of Mikhail Alexandrovich - Pavel and Peter Koloshin . And one of the regimental commanders in his division was Pestel himself (the organizer of the Southern Society of the Decembrists ), who often visited the general’s house and, without hiding, said that “that in time he will become a dictator in Russia”. [one]
According to the testimony of S. G. Volkonsky , Mengden, according to P. I. Pestel, is a member of the Southern Society; Pestel rejected this testimony. The Investigative Committee ignored this.
Factory in Nikolsky
In the Nikolsky Kostroma province (a family estate of von Mengdenov) at the very beginning of the 19th century, a linen-weaving table linen factory was founded. She initially produced only napkins, without cars, from domestic yarn and more for her own use. In 1827, after the death of Princess Kozlovskaya, the mother of General von Mengden, the factory was stopped and reopened already in 1830, when the general’s wife, 30-year-old Baroness Amalia, took control of this business. She managed the factory for more than 30 years (until her death in 1864, after which the factory closed) and turned it into a well-known enterprise in Russia, thanks to the excellent quality of its products (patterned napkins, tablecloths and towels). The factory’s products were mainly sold in the capitals (Moscow and St. Petersburg) and exported to Europe (via Riga, where a warehouse depot was created in 1834). Factory products have repeatedly received awards at various exhibitions.
Family
Married to Baroness Amalia Fölkersam (1799-1864) had three sons and a daughter:
- Alexander (04.4.1819, Riga - 11.22.1903, Dresden), diplomat, Privy Councilor.
- Nicholas (1822-1888), jurist, "the first Russian tourist in Brazil" [2]
- Vladimir (1825-1910), member of the Council of State, prototype Karenina [3] from the novel "Anna Karenina" by Leo Tolstoy .
- Daughter - Maria (1828-1902), was married to Count Dmitry Ianuaryevich Tolstoy.
Notes
- ↑ “Excerpts from the Family Chronicle” (from the memoirs of Baroness Sophia Mengden) in the journal “Russian Antiquity”, 1908, April
- ↑ The story of how Nikolai von Mengden in the late 1840s out of idle curiosity ended up in Rio de Janeiro (somewhat anticipating the image of Ostap Bender with a dream about this city) read in “Excerpts from the Family Chronicle” (from the memoirs of the Baroness Sophia Mengden), first published in the journal Russian Antiquity, 1908, April). Of course, Nikolai von Mengden was not the first Russian to find himself in Brazil, but other visits were primarily of a scientific and state nature.
- ↑ The assumption that Vladimir von Mengden is the prototype of Karenin is in the memoirs of the son of Leo Tolstoy.