| Place of formation of consonants |
| Labial (labial) |
| labio-labial (bilabial) |
| labio-velar |
| labio-coronal |
| labial (labiodent) |
| dental-labial (dentolabial) |
| Double-tooth (bidental) |
| Anterior lingual (coronal) |
| lingual-labial (linguolabial) |
| interdental (interdental) |
| dental (dental) |
| dental alveolar (dentoalveolar) |
| alveolar |
| apical |
| laminar |
| postalveolar |
| palatine alveolar |
| retroflex |
| Lateral (lateral) |
| Dorsal |
| postalveolar |
| alveo-palatal |
| palatal |
| labio-palatal |
| velar |
| uvular |
| uvulo-epiglottal |
| Root |
| pharyngeal |
| epiglotto-pharyngeal |
| epiglottal |
| Glottal |
| See also full Consonant List |
| Project: Linguistics |
10. Pharyngeal ( swallow ) consonant
In phonetics, pharyngeal consonants describe the articulation of a glottal sound. When articulating the pharyngeal consonants in the larynx , a bow is formed.
The IPA presents three pharyngeal consonants, which are typical, for example, in the Arabic language :
- Voiced pharyngeal fricative [ ʕ ]
- Deaf pharyngeal fricative [ ħ ]
- Pharyngeal explosive [ q ]
When pronouncing, the tongue is pulled back and the neck muscles tighten. The sonorous pharyngeal approximant (ع, [ ʕ ]) sounds like a “squeezed” Ukrainian. g . The dull pharyngal (ح, [ ħ ]) is similar in sound to the sound “a” uttered in a loud whisper.