Eduard Wilmot Blyden ( August 3, 1832 , St. Thomas - February 7, 1912 , Freetown ) - enlightener, writer, politician, diplomat, the main ideologist of Pan-Africanism of the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries.
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Content
Biography
Eduard Blyden was born on the island of St. Thomas ( Virgin Islands ), which was then a colony of Denmark . His parents were probably Igbo by origin [2] .
By 1851 he came up with the idea of pan-Africanism and moved to Freetown in Liberia , where some of his descendants still live. In 1856, he married Sarah Ets , niece of Hilary Eats , who served as vice president of Liberia.
From 1856 to 1857, Blyden was the editor of the Liberia Herald newspaper; during this time he published the book Voice From Bleeding Africa . At various times, he served as an official in the administration of the Sierra Leone colony for work in the interior (1872–1873), was the ambassador of Liberia to Britain (1877–1878) and France (1905) [3] .
He died on February 7, 1912 in Freetown.
Political Ideas
Blyden was the founder of Pan-Africanism and the forerunner of Negro . Speaking with the demands of "spiritual decolonization" of Africa, he argued that Europeans are characterized by pure materialism and individualism , militancy, competition and the cult of science, while Africans are characterized by a spiritual beginning, a connection with nature, naturalness and goodwill [4] .
In one of his main works, Christianity, Islam and the Negroid Race (1887), it is argued that Islam , able to unite Africans, should become the main religion of Black Africa, while Christianity has an effect that decomposes social structures. Immediately after publication in Britain, the book caused a wide resonance: a significant part of readers could not believe that the book was written by a black man [5] .
Blyden believed that the territory of Liberia should be significantly expanded at the expense of the territories of modern Ghana and Benin .
In the 1850s, he took part in punitive campaigns against African tribes ( cru and others) [6] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ "Edward Wilmot Blyden" , Edward Wilmot Blyden , Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia , < http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761587404/blyden_edward_wilmot.html > . Retrieved November 19, 2008. Archived on October 31, 2009.
- ↑ http://slovari.yandex.ru/dict/krugosvet/article/8/8e/1004225.htm (inaccessible link) Encyclopedia "Krugosvet"
- ↑ http://vivovoco.astronet.ru/VV/PAPERS/HISTORY/ANTIRAS.HTM A. B. Davidson . ANTI-RACIST RACISM? // New and recent history , No. 2, 2002
- ↑ http://www.columbia.edu/~hcb8/EWB_Museum/about_pic.html About the photograph ....
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=Ftz_gtO-pngC&pg=PA151&lpg=PA151&dq=Sarah+Yates+blyden&source=bl&ots=IuzCqsfsmT&sig=XIJY2mF4SD15NE4RxACb6J09D1U&hl=ru&ei=czeVSvOgFcTE-QaWmvTyDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6#v = onepage & q = & f = false Kevin Shillington. Encyclopedia of African history, Vol. 1, CRC Press, 2005
Links
- Blyden // "Banquet Campaign" 1904 - Big Irgiz. - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2005. - P. 588. - ( Great Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004-2017, vol. 3). - ISBN 5-85270-331-1 .