Legal translation

Depending on the type of legal documents being translated, legal translation is divided into:

• translation of laws and regulations and their projects
• translation of contracts (contracts)
• translation of legal opinions and memoranda
• translation of apostilles and notarial certificates
• translation of constituent documents of legal entities
• translation of powers of attorney

Legal documents and theoretical works should be translated only by professional translators specializing in legal translation. As a rule, they have an appropriate legal education or, at least, significant experience in translating legal topics. Errors in the translation of the text of the contract can lead, for example, to causing material damage and suing .

When translating text from the field of law, the translator should not forget the following. The source text is organized in accordance with the corresponding legal system, which is reflected in the legal formulations contained therein, and the translation text is intended for use within another legal system with legal formulations specific to it.

In addition to terminological gaps (lack of terms), or the absence of appropriate lexical equivalents, the translator should remember that text conventions in the source language often depend on cultural characteristics and may not correspond to conventions of the text of the translation. The language constructs characteristic of the source language do not have direct equivalents in the target language. In this regard, the task of the translator is to find structures in the translation language that have functions similar to the functions of the structures of the source language.

As working sources of information, legal translators often check against legal dictionaries, especially bilingual ones. They should be treated with caution, since most bilingual legal dictionaries give translation options without indicating the relevant branch of law, or that are not related to the law at all, and their use in the wrong meaning can lead to translation errors. ^[1] Moreover, for the purposes of legal translation into general bilingual dictionaries that do not reflect the terminology of law, one cannot rely at all.

An indispensable step in the process of legal translation of documents is editing the text of the translation by another person, preferably a lawyer .

• Automatic Multitran Dictionary
• Gamzatov M.G. Latin-Russian Dictionary of Legal Terms and Expressions. - M .: R.Valent, ISBN 5-288-03059-6
• Baskakova M. A. Explanatory Law Dictionary: Law and Business (Russian-English, English-Russian). - M.: Finance and Statistics, 2004. - 704 pp. ISBN 5-279-02219-5
• Buyalsky I. A. Russian-English and English-Russian legal online dictionary

• Alimov V.V. Legal translation. Practical course. English. - M .: KomKniga, 2005 .-- 160 p. ISBN 5-484-00158-7
• Vlasenko S.V. Contract law: the practice of professional translation in the English-Russian language pair. - M.: Volters Kluver, 2006 .-- 320 p. ISBN 5-466-00145-7
• Gamzatov M. G. Technique and specifics of legal translation: Sat. articles. - SPb., 2004 .-- 184 p. ISBN 5-8465-0302-0
• Thomson G.V. German language. Legal translation course (civil and commercial law). - M.: MGIMO, 2004 .-- 172 p. ISBN 5-478-00046-9

• Legally Certified Translation
• Judicial Translator
• Apostille
• Language of law

• Atabekova A. A. Foreign-language special concepts in professionally oriented intercultural communication. - Monograph. - M.: RUDN University, 2008 .-- 191 p.
• Atabekova A.A. Legal translation in an interdisciplinary context. - Monograph. - M.: Unity Dana, 2011 .-- 131 p.
• Atabekova A. A. Training of law students in professionally oriented linguistic and cultural mediation. - Higher education today. - 2011. - No. 8. - P.73-77.
• Atabekova A. A. Legal translation: interpretation, adaptation, mediation. - Science and business: development paths. - 2011.- No. 6 - S.85-89
• Atabekova A.A., Vasilenko L.Yu. Argumentation in the text of the judgment and its perception: an experiment involving non-native speakers. - Prospects for science. - 2011.- №11. - S.98-102
• Atabekova A.A., Sysoeva I.A. Foreign language in the development of general cultural and professional competencies of legal specialists. - Education. The science. Scientific staff. - 2010.- No. 4.
• Vlasenko S.V. Translation of a legal text: cognitive features of nomination and realism-professionalism in the English-Russian language pair // Philological Sciences in MGIMO. Collection of scientific papers No. 21 (37). - M.: MGIMO (U), 2005 .-- S. 129-140.
• Gamzatov M. G. Technique and specifics of legal translation: Sat. articles. - SPb., 2004 .-- 184 p. ISBN 5-8465-0302-0
• Osakwe, Christopher . The canons of competent legal translation: reflections of a comparative civilist on the example of comparative civil law. // Law and management. XXI Century. - 2011. - No. 2 (19) . - S. 61-65 .
• Atabekova A. A Comparative Cognitive Approach to Teaching Legal English // Teaching and Learning LSP: Blurring Boundaries.- Proceedings of the 6th International AELFE Conference. - Lisboa, 2007 .-- pp. 465-468.
• Garzone, Giuliana. Legal Translation and Functionalist Approaches: A Contradiction in Terms? .
• Hjort-Pedersen, Mette; Faber, Dorrit. Lexical ambiguity and legal translation: a discussion .
• Muegge, Uwe . Translation Contract: A Standards-Based Model Solution.
• Nielsen, Sandro. The Bilingual LSP Dictionary. Principles and Practice for Legal Language. - Gunter Narr, 1994.
• Nielsen, Sandro. Translation Strategies for Culture-Specific Textual Conventions in Bilingual Dictionaries // Lexicographica. International Annual for Lexicography, 16/2000. - pp. 152–168.
• Šarčević, Susan. Legal Translation and Translation Theory: a Receiver-Oriented Approach .

• Vagapov A.S. Choice of an adequate lexical and phraseological correspondence in the translation of English legal texts .