Clairvoyance is a supernatural ability to receive information about events of the past, present and future, inaccessible for receiving rational methods [1] . Unlike fortune-telling , spiritualism , etc., clairvoyance involves attachment to the clairvoyant’s personality, and not to the methods he uses. Belief in the existence of clairvoyants in the real world is quite common, although there have been no scientific cases of clairvoyance [1] [2] .
Content
- 1 Types and forms
- 2 The existence of the phenomenon
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
Types and Forms
Clairvoyance is closely connected with such concepts as extrasensory perception , telepathy , spiritualism and mediumism , although these concepts are often used inaccurately and are considered equivalent. Clairvoyance usually includes several different types of claimed supernatural abilities, including:
- Extrasensory perception - the perception of objects inaccessible to known sensory organs.
- Obtaining, in the form of answers to specifically posed mental questions, information about any current events or certain objects.
- Obtaining information about the location and condition of an object from photographs previously taken or objects previously associated with the object, including diagnostics of the health of people or animals from their photographs, determining the location of a living creature and its condition (alive / dead / sick / unhappy / happy / happy ), as well as sometimes reporting information about his current environment through a photograph or his belongings.
- Obtaining visual information about any objects inaccessible to direct visual perception (long-sightedness), including “seeing with internal vision” the organs of the body of living objects and the internal structure of objects.
- Vision of the aura of living creatures and determination of their state by aura (including diagnosis of diseases).
- Inspection by "inner vision" of past events (which the "seer" himself could not personally observe).
- Perception of information about future events.
The existence of a phenomenon
To date, claims of clairvoyance have not been scientifically confirmed (see James Randy Foundation ). The National Science Foundation (USA) classifies clairvoyance as the most common misconception among Americans [2] .
Statements of possessing certain supernatural powers are often used by charlatans . Clairvoyance imitation mechanisms are well known and repeatedly described. Most often, the “clairvoyant” uses information obtained secretly from the client through completely natural channels, which the client simply does not know about [3] , or acts according to the typical “gypsy fortune-telling” scheme: he starts with universally valid vague statements, and then simply tells the client the information received from him during the conversation.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Rosenbach P. Ya. Clairvoyance // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ 1 2 National Science Board . Chapter 7: Science and Technology: Public Attitudes and Understanding . Science and Engineering Indicators 2006 . National Science Foundation (2006). Date of treatment September 3, 2010. Archived August 22, 2011. “... [A] bout three-fourths of Americans hold at least one pseudoscientific belief; ie, they believed in at least 1 of the 10 survey items ... [29] "" [29] Those 10 items were extrasensory perception (ESP), that houses can be haunted, ghosts / that spirits of dead people can come back in certain places / situations, telepathy / communication between minds without using traditional senses, clairvoyance / the power of the mind to know the past and predict the future, astrology / that the position of the stars and planets can affect people's lives, that people can communicate mentally with someone who has died, witches, reincarnation / the rebirth of the soul in a new body after death, and channeling / allowing a "spirit-being" to temporarily assume control of a body. ”
- ↑ Yuri Gorny : The predictions of Wangi were prepared by the Chekists.
Literature
- Aleksandrov E. B. Natural science in the world of spirits // In defense of science . - 2015. - No. 15 .
- Guillaume G. Specificity of clairvoyance as a preconscious // Guillaume G. Principles of Theoretical Linguistics. - M .: Progress, 1992. — p.146-147 (inaccessible link)