Cardinal Priest

In modern times, the name " cardinal priest " is interpreted as the meaning of the cardinal, who has the priesthood. Initially, however, the understanding of this word was different: from priests of the diocese of Rome , some key priests of important churches were recognized as cardinal priests, important priests chosen by the pope to advise him in the discharge of his duties as bishop of Rome . This happened through the collaboration of these important Roman priests with the bishops of the neighboring suburbic dioceses ( cardinal bishops ) and deacons who controlled the work of the Church in different quarters of Rome ( cardinals deacons ), as a result the Holy College of Cardinals was formed.

In the early days, papal elections were not privileged by cardinals , and for centuries, the pope was usually a Roman priest and never a bishop from another place. In order to maintain apostolic succession, the rite of consecration of the pope to the bishop was to be performed by one who was already a bishop , and this was entrusted to Cardinal Bishop of Ostia , whose position was long combined with that of the dean of the Holy College of Cardinals . While the cardinal dignity began to be granted to prelates outside the Roman pastoral clergy and the Roman Curia , to this day, every cardinal priest has a titular parish church in Rome, although Pope Paul VI canceled all the administrative names that they had regarding their titular churches . Some of the titular churches have been the place of the cardinal since the 2nd century .

While the number of cardinals was small from the time of the Roman Empire until the Renaissance , and often the number of recognized churches was less than those eligible for the rank of cardinal priest. In the 16th century, the Sacred College of Cardinals expanded markedly. In 1587, Pope Sixtus V, seeking to stop this growth, set the maximum limit for the members of the Holy College of Cardinals to be 70 cardinals, including 50 cardinal priests, 6 cardinal bishops and 14 cardinal deacons . This limit was maintained and respected until 1958 , and the list of titular churches was changed only in rare cases, generally due to the building coming into poor condition. When Pope John XXIII essentially lifted the limit, he began adding new churches to the list, which Pope Paul VI and John Paul II also continued to add. Today there are about 150 titular churches in Rome .

The cardinal, who is the eldest for the elevation to the rank of cardinal priests, is called the cardinal protopresbyter . He had some ceremonial duties in the Conclave , which ceased, because, today, the cardinal protopresbyter is one who is over 80 years old, and such cardinals are not entitled to participate in the Conclave . Since December 14, 2016, Cardinal Protopresbyter has been the Thai Cardinal Michael Michai Kitbunchu .

Those who are cardinal priests today are mainly archbishops of important dioceses around the world, although some work in the Roman Curia . Cardinals deacons after ten years are allowed to become cardinals priests of their choice. Everyone should always be an ordained priest in order to be a cardinal priest, but since 1918 this requirement has been extended to the entire Holy College . Since 1962 , by decision of Pope John XXIII , only bishops can participate in the Holy College . Priests , who are appointed cardinals , should be ordained bishops , with rare exceptions.

Below is a list of the living cardinal priests in order of seniority for erection.

1. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Lorenzo in Panisperna Michael Michai Kitbunchu - cardinal protopresbyter ;
2. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Marco in Agro Laurentino Alesandri do Nascimento ;
3. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Jesu-Divin-Maestro alla Pineta-Sacchetti Thomas Stafford Williams ;
4. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Immacolata-Concezione di María a Grottarossa Henrik Roman Gulbinovich ;
5. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santa Sabina Joseph Tomko ;
6. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santa Prasseda Paul Pupar ;
7. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santo Stefano Rotondo Friedrich Vetter ;
8. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Clemente Adrianus Johannes Simonis ;
9. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santissimo Nome di Gesu Eduardo Martinez Somalo ;
10. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of San Luca a Via Prenestin Jose Freyri Falkan ;
11. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Frumenzo ai Prati Fiscali Alexandre José María dos Santos ;
12. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santi Martiri dell'Uganda a Poggio Ameno Christian Viigan Tumi ;
13. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santa Maria in Via Lata Eduard Idris Cassidi ;
14. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Pio X-alla Baldwin Nicholas de Jesus Lopez Rodriguez ;
15. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santi Quattro Coronati Roger Michael Mahoney ;
16. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Sant Agnese fuori le Mura Camillo Ruini ;
17. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santi Protomartiri-a-Via-Aurelia-Antica Henri Schwery ;
18. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Sacro Cuore di Maria Julius Riyadi Darmaatmaj ;
19. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Sant Hugo Emmanuel Vamala ;
20. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santi Vitale-Valeria-Gervasio-e-Protazio Adam Joseph Maida ;
21. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santa Chiara a Viña Clara Vinko Pulich ;
22. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Nostra Signora di Guadalupe e San Filippo Martire in Via Aurelia Juan Sandoval Valiges ;
23. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Saba Jorge Arturo Medina Esteves ;
24. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of San Pietro in Montorio James Francis Stafford ;
25. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santa Maria in Aracheli Salvatore De Georgi ;
26. Cardinal priest with the titular church Serafin Fernandis di Araujo ;
27. Cardinal priest with the titular church Antonio Maria Rouko Varela ;
28. Cardinal priest with the titular church Polycarp Pengo ;
29. Cardinal priest with the titular church Christoph Schonborn ;
30. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of San Francesco a Rip Norberto Rivera Carrera ;
31. Cardinal priest with the titular church Marian Yavorsky ;
32. Cardinal priest with the titular church Janis Puyats ;
33. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santi Angeli Custodi a Città Giardino Agostino Cacciavillan ;
34. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Sant'Eustacio Sergio Sebastiani ;
35. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Nicolas in Carcher, Zenon Groholevsky ;
36. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Dio Padre Mizericordiosio Crescenzio Cepe ;
37. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Onyssanti in Via Appia Nuova Walter Casper ;
38. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Gerald Majell Agnel ;
39. Cardinal priest with the titular church Pedro Rubiano Saens ;
40. Cardinal priest with the titular church Audris Juozas Bachkis ;
41. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santa Maria della Pache Francisco Javier Errasuris Ossa ;
42. Cardinal priest with the titular church Wilfrid Fox Napier ;
43. Cardinal priest with the titular church Oscar Andres Rodriguez Maradyaga ;
44. Cardinal Priest with the Titular Church Juan Luis Sipriani Thorne ;
45. Cardinal priest with the titular church Francisco Alvarez Martinez ;
46. Cardinal priest with the titular church Claudiu Hummes ;
47. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Giuseppe in Via Trionfale Severino Poletto ;
48. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Sant Eugenio Julian Errans Casado ;
49. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santa Dorothea Javier Lozano Barragan ;
50. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santi Apostoli Angelo Skola ;
51. Cardinal Priest with the titular church Anthony Olubunmi Okogi ;
52. Cardinal priest with the titular church Gabriel Zubeir Waco ;
53. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santa Maria di Montserrato Carlos Amigo Vallejo ;
54. Cardinal Priest with the titular Church of Santa Prisca Justin Francis Rigali ;
55. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Sant Alessio Eusebio Oscar Shade ;
56. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Sant Andrea delle Fratte Ennio Antonelli ;
57. Cardinal Priest with the Titular Church Peter Kodvo Appiah Tarkson ;
58. Cardinal priest with the titular church Telesphor Placidus Toppo ;
59. Cardinal Priest with the Titular Church George Pell ;
60. Cardinal priest with the titular church Josip Bozanich ;
61. Cardinal priest with the titular church Jean-Baptiste Fam Min Man ;
62. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Trinita dei Monti Philippe Xavier Christian Inyas Marie Barbaren ;
63. Cardinal Priest with the titular church Peter Erde ;
64. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santa Maria dei Monti Jorge Liberato Urosa Savino ;
65. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Gaudencio Borbon Rosales ;
66. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Sant'Agostino Jean-Pierre Ricard ;
67. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Pierre Damiani ai Monti di San Paolo Agostino Wallini ;
68. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Pankrazio Antonio Cañizares Llovera ;
69. Cardinal priest with the titular church Nikolay Chon Jin Sok ;
70. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santa Maria della Vittoria Sean Patrick O'Melly ;
71. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santa Maria del Popolo Stanislav Dzivish ;
72. Cardinal priest with the titular church Joseph Chen Rijun ;
73. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santa Maria in Domnica William Joseph Levada ;
74. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Francesco-Saverio alla Garbatella Franz Rode ;
75. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santa Maria della Mercede e Sant Sant Adriano a Villa Albany Alber Vanua , Jesuit;
76. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Santa Maria Liberatriche a Monte Testaccio Giovanni Laiolo ;
77. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Lorenzo in Piscibus Paul Joseph Cordes ;
78. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of San Salvatore in Lauro Angelo Comastri ;
79. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Sacro Cuore di Cristo Re Stanislav Rylko ;
80. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Giovanni della Pinha Raffaele Farina , Salesian ;
81. Cardinal Priest with the Titular Church Sean Baptist Brady ;
82. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of San Sebastiano Fuori le Mura Lewis Martinez Sistak ;
83. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Luigi dei Francesi Andre Ven-Troyes ;
84. Cardinal priest with the titular church Angelo Bagnasco ;
85. Cardinal priest with the titular church Theodor-Adrien Sarr ;
86. Cardinal priest with the titular church Oswald Gracias ;
87. Cardinal Priest with the titular church Francisco Robles Ortega ;
88. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Sant Eusebio Daniel Nicholas Dinardo ;
89. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of Sant Andrea al Quirinale Odiliu Pedro Scherer ;
90. Cardinal Priest with the Titular Church John Njue ;
91. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Estanislao Esteban Karlich ;
92. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santa Maria in Via Raul Eduardo Vela Chiriboga ;
93. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Laurent Monsengvo Pasina ;
94. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Santa Maria Hodegetria dei Siciliani Paolo Romeo ;
95. Cardinal Priest with the titular church of San Pietro in Vincoli Donald Wurl ;
96. Cardinal priest with the titular church of Raimundo Damasen Assis ;
97. Cardinal priest with the titular church Kazimierz Nych ;
98. Cardinal priest with the titular church of San Lorenzo in Lucina Malcolm Rangit ;
99. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Рейнхард Маркс ;
100. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сан-Бернардо-алле-Терме Георг Аленчерри ;
101. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Томас Кристофер Коллинз ;
102. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Доменик Дука ;
103. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Виллем Эйк ;
104. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сан-Марчелло-аль-Корсо Джузеппе Бетори ;
105. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Тимоти Долан ;
106. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Райнер Мария Вёльки ;
107. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Иоанн Тун Хон ;
108. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Лучиан Мурешан ;
109. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Баселиос Клеемис Тоттункал ;
110. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Джон Олорунфеми Онаийекан ;
111. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Рубен Дарио Саласар Гомес ;
112. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Луис Антонио Гоким Тагле ;
113. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Винсент Джерард Николс ;
114. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Леопольдо Хосе Бренес Солорсано ;
115. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Жераль Сиприан Лакруа ;
116. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Жан-Пьер Кутва ;
117. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Орани Жуан Темпеста ;
118. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Гуалтьеро Бассетти ;
119. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Марио Аурелио Поли ;
120. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сан-Кризогоно Андрей Ём Су Чжун ;
121. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Рикардо Эссати Андрельо ;
122. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Филипп Накеллентуба Уэдраого ;
123. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Орландо Бельтран Кеведо ;
124. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Шибли Ланглуа ;
125. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Келвин Эдуард Феликс ;
126. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сант'Антонио-ин-Кампо-Марцио Мануэл Жозе Макариу ду Нашсименту Клементи ;
127. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Бырханэйэсус Дэмрэв Сурафел ;
128. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Джон Эчерли Дью ;
129. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Эдоардо Меникелли ;
130. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Пётр Нгуен Ван Нён ;
131. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Альберто Суарес Инда ;
132. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Чарльз Маунг Бо ;
133. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Франциск Ксаверий Криенгсак Ковитванит ;
134. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сан-Грегорио-Маньо-аль-Челио Франческо Монтенегро ;
135. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Даниэль Фернандо Стурла Беруэ ;
136. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Санта-Мария-ин-Валичелла Рикардо Бласкес Перес ;
137. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Хосе Луис Лакунса Маэстрохуан ;
138. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Арлинду Гомеш Фуртаду ;
139. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Соане Патита Паини Мафи ;
140. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Луис Эктор Вильяльба ;
141. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Жулиу Дуарте Ланга ;
142. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сант-Андреа-делла-Валле Дьёдонне Нзапалаинга ;
143. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Санта-Мария-ин-Трастевере Карлос Осора Сьерра ;
144. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сержиу да Роша ;
145. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сан-Бартоломео Блейз Джозеф Супич ;
146. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Патрик Д'Росарио ;
147. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Балтасар Энрике Поррас Кардосо ;
148. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Санти-Джованни-э-Паоло Жозеф Де Кесель ;
149. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Санта-Тереза-аль-Корсо-д'Италия Морис Пья ;
150. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Санти-Фабиано-э-Венанцио-а-Вилла-Фьорелли Карлос Агияр Ретес ;
151. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Джон Рибат ;
152. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Джозеф Уильям Тобин ;
153. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Антоний Сотер Фернандес ;
154. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сан-Джованни-а-Порта-Латина Ренато Корти ;
155. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Себастьян Кото Хораи ;
156. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Святого Антония Падуанского на Тускуланской дороге Жан Зербо ;
157. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Санта-Кроче-ин-Джерусалемме Хуан Хосе Омелья-и-Омелья ;
158. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Ларс Арборелиус ;
159. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Сан-Сильвестро-ин-Капите Луи-Мари Линг Мангкханекхоун ;
160. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Грегорио Роса Чавес ;
161. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Анджело Де Донатис ;
162. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Джозеф Куттс ;
163. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Антониу Аугусту душ Сантуш Марту ;
164. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Педро Рикардо Баррето Химено ;
165. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Дезире Царахазана ;
166. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Джузеппе Петрокки ;
167. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Томас Аквин Манё Маэда ;
168. Кардинал-священник с титулярной церковью Торибио Тикона Порко .

• List of titular churches in Rome .

• Cardinal priests with titular churches of Rome .