Trigonalids [2] ( lat. Trigonalidae, Trigonalyidae ) - a family of riders , the only one in the superfamily Trigonaloidea . More than 90 species from 22 [3] or 16 genera [4] .
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Content
Distribution
They are found everywhere, mainly in the tropics. In Europe, one species is Pseudogonalos hahnii Spinola , 1840 (= Trigonalis hahnii ) [4] .
Description
Riders of medium size (5-15 mm). Usually brightly colored. Antennae very long with many segments (18–28) [4] . Swivels 2-segmented, wings with 3 radio-medial cells. They are parasites of the larvae of various insects (social wasps, sawflies and butterfly caterpillars ). Females lay hundreds and thousands of eggs on leaves and for further development they must be swallowed by larvae, in which their growth then ends [3] .
Systematics
There are 2 subfamilies and about 90 species [4]
- Superfamily Trigonaloidea ( Trigonalyoidea )
- Family Trigonalidae ( Trigonalyidae )
- Subfamily Orthogonalinae ( Orthogonalyinae )
- Genus Orthogonalys Schulz, 1905
- Orthogonalys brevis Smith & Tripotin, 2012 [5]
- Orthogonalys elongata (Teranishi, 1929 )
- Orthogonalys fukuiensis (Tsuneki, 1991 )
- Orthogonalys gigantea Benoit, 1951
- Orthogonalys hagoromonis (Teranishi, 1929 )
- Orthogonalys hova Bischoff, 1933
- Orthogonalys maculata Bischoff, 1933
- Orthogonalys parahova Smith & Tripotin, 2012
- Orthogonalys seyrigi Bischoff, 1933
- Genus Teranishia Tsuneki, 1991
- Teranishia nipponica Tsuneki, 1991
- Genus Orthogonalys Schulz, 1905
- Subfamily Trigonalinae ( Trigonalyinae )
- Genus Bareogonalos Schulz, 1907 (= Nippogonalos )
- Bareogonalos jezoensis (Uchida, 1929 )
- Genus Nomadina Westwood , 1868
- Genus Pseudogonalos Schulz, 1906
- Pseudogonalos hahnii Spinola , 1840 - Europe , Asia
- (= Trigonalis hahnii Spinola, 1840)
- Pseudogonalos hahnii Spinola , 1840 - Europe , Asia
- Genus Satogonalos Teranishi, 1931
- Genus Taeniogonalos Schulz, 1906 (= Poecilogonalos )
- Taeniogonalos fasciata (Strand, 1913)
- Taeniogonalos maga (Teranishi, 1929)
- Taeniogonalos mongolica (Popov, 1945)
- Taeniogonalos sauteri (Bischoff, 1913)
- Taeniogonalos bicolor (Chen, 1949)
- Genus Trigonalys Westwood, 1835
- Genus Bareogonalos Schulz, 1907 (= Nippogonalos )
- Subfamily Orthogonalinae ( Orthogonalyinae )
- Family Trigonalidae ( Trigonalyidae )
Notes
- ↑ Trigonalidae Cresson 1887
- ↑ Striganova B.R. , Zakharov A.A. The Bilingual Dictionary of Animal Names: Insects (Latin-Russian-English-German-French) /Ed. Dr. biol. sciences, prof. B.R. Striganova . - M .: RUSSO, 2000 .-- 560 p. - 1060 copies. - ISBN 5-88721-162-8 .
- ↑ 1 2 Key to insects of the Far East of Russia. T. IV. Retina-winged, scorpion, hymenoptera. Part 2 / under the general. ed. P.A. Lera . - Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 1995 .-- S. 8-14. - 598 p. - 500 copies. - ISBN 5-7442-0607-8 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 David Carmean and Lynn Kimsey. (1998). Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). // Systematic Entomology . 23, 35–76.
- ↑ Smith, DR; Tripotin, P. 2012: Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera) of Madagascar . Journal of Hymenoptera research, 24: 1-25.
Literature
- Bennett, DJ; Lelej, AS To the knowledge of trigonalyid wasps (Hymenoptera: Trigonalyidae) of Sakhalin // Far Eastern entomologist. - 2003. - T. 130 , No. 8 . - ISSN 1026-051X .
- Lelej, AS A review of the family Trigonalyidae (Hymenoptera) of the Palaearctic region (Eng.) // Far Eastern entomologist. - 2003. - Vol. 130 . - P. 1-7 . - ISSN 1026-051X . Archived on October 20, 2013.
- Smith. DR Trigonalyidae (Hymenoptera) in The eastern United States: seasonal flight activity, distributions, hosts (English) // Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. - 1996. - Vol. 98 . - P. 109-118 .
Links
- Family Trigonalidae BugGuide