Battle cruisers type B-65 [approx. 1] [1] - an unrealized project of the battle cruisers of the Japanese imperial fleet of the early 1940s .
| B-65 battle cruisers | |
|---|---|
| B65 型 大型 巡洋艦 | |
 | |
| Project | |
| A country |
|
| Years of construction | Not laid |
| Scheduled | 6 |
| Built | 0 |
| Main characteristics | |
| Displacement | 31,400 t (normal) 34950 t (full) [1] |
| Length | 240.0 m (waterline), 245.0 m (largest) [2] |
| Width | 27.5 m [2] |
| Draft | 8.8 m [2] |
| Reservation | Armor belt - 190 mm; deck - 125 mm [2] |
| Engines | 4 vocational schools , 8 boilers "Kampon" [1] |
| Power | 170,000 liters with. (125 M W ) [2] |
| Mover | 4 propellers |
| Speed | 33 knots (61.1 km / h ) [2] |
| Sailing range | 8000 nautical miles at a speed of 18 knots [2] |
| Crew | 1300 people [2] |
| Armament | |
| Artillery | 9 (3 × 3) 310 mm / 50 type 0 |
| Flak | 16 (8 × 2) 100 mm / 65 type 98 , 12 (4 × 3) - 25 mm / 60 type 96 , 4 (2 × 2) 13.2 mm machine gun type 93 [2] |
| Aviation group | 1 catapult type 1 Number 2 Model 11, 3 reconnaissance seaplanes Type 0 [2] |
Creation History
After the adoption of acts in the USA on June 14 ( Vinson ’s Third Plan) and July 19 (Two Oceans Program) of 1940, the Japanese Naval General Staff (MGS) revised the draft fifth and sixth replenishment programs discussed since 1938. The program option proposed on January 7, 1941 included the construction of 28 new cruisers in a ten-year period, including six large cruisers, Super A [3] . These ships were to be the answer to the American battle cruisers of the Alaska type, the order for which was issued on September 5, 1940 and which, according to Japanese intelligence, were supposed to cover the main forces of the fleet. Two units included in the draft fifth program were to make up the 8th division, and four units from the sixth - 7th. Both formations were planned to be included in the Second Fleet and used to protect its cruisers and destroyers in night torpedo attacks against the American fleet [4] .
Two cruisers of the project B-65 (designation MGSh - V-16) from the fifth program, known under temporary numbers 795 and 796, were supposed to be laid at the fleet's Arsenal shipyard in Kure in 1943-1944 and transferred to the fleet in 1945-1946 [2] . However, due to the beginning of the implementation of the first stage of military preparations on November 15, 1940 and the extraordinary load of shipbuilding enterprises, the prospects for fulfilling ambitious plans became unrealistic [5] . On November 6, 1941, the construction of buildings No. 795 and 796 was postponed indefinitely. After the defeat at Midway, the fifth fleet replenishment program was canceled, replacing it on September 21, 1942, the warship replenishment program did not include large cruisers [6] .
Design
The main armament of the cruisers was to be the designed 310-mm Type 0 guns with a barrel length of 50 calibers in three three-gun turrets. The firing range of 561-kg armor-piercing shell reached 32920 meters, rate of fire - three rounds per minute. To control their fire, two Type 94 directors with 8 rangefinders were provided. Also considered option with the main caliber of six 360-mm guns with a barrel length of 45 calibres in three two-gun towers [2] .
The cruisers' air defense was supposed to include sixteen 100-mm Type 98 guns with a barrel length of 65 calibers in eight two-type Type 98 guns. And mod. 1 and four built-in 25-mm Type 96 assault rifles in the central part of the ship, as well as two coaxial 13.2-mm Type 93 machine guns on the bridge [4] . To control the fire of 100-mm guns and 25-mm machine guns, four Type 94, 13.2-mm machine guns were envisaged — the Type 95 director [2] .
The armor protection of cruisers was designed based on the requirements to withstand shelling with 305 mm shells from a range of 20000-30000 meters and direct hits of 800 kg of air bombs [2] . It included the main belt of hardened Vickers chrome-nickel steel 190 mm thick with a slope of 20 ° and an armored deck of homogeneous armor 125 mm thick [2] .
Comparison with analogues
| Comparative performance characteristics of the large cruisers of the 1940s | ||||
| Alaska [7] | "B-65" | Type "O" | Project 69 [8] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Project Development Year | 1940 | 1941 | 1940 | 1939 |
| Planned / laid / commissioned | 6/3/2 | four/-/- | 3/3 / - | 15/2 / - |
| Displacement, standard / total, t | 29779/34253 | 31400/34950 | ? / 35720 | 35250/41540 |
| Main caliber | 9 (3 × 3) 305 mm / 50 Mk 8 | 9 (3 × 3) 310 mm / 50 Type 0 | 6 (3 × 2) 380 mm / 48 SKC / 34 | 9 (3 × 3) 305 mm / 55 B-50 |
| Medium-caliber and universal artillery | 12 (6 × 2) 127 mm / 38 Mk 12 | 16 (8 × 2) 100 mm / 65 Type 98 | 6 (3 × 2) 150 mm / 52.4 SKC / 28 8 (4 × 2) 105 mm / 63.3 FlaK 38 | 8 (4 × 2) 152 mm / 58.6 B-38 8 (4 × 2) 100 mm / 56 B-34 |
| Small caliber anti-aircraft artillery | 56 (14 × 4) 40 mm / 56 Bofors , 34 × 20 mm Oerlikon | 12 (4 × 3) - 25 mm / 60 Type 96 4 (2 × 2) 13.2 mm Type 93 machine guns | 8 (4 × 2) 37 mm / 83 SKC / 30 20 × 20 mm / 65 FlaK 30 | 28 (7 × 4) 37 mm / 73.5 70-K |
| Aircraft weapons | 2 catapults, 4 seaplanes | 1 catapult, 3 seaplanes | 1 double catapult, 4 seaplanes | 1 catapult, 2 seaplanes |
| Armor protection | 229 mm belt, 102 mm deck | 190 mm belt, 125 mm deck | 190 mm belt, 80 mm deck | 230 mm belt, 90 mm deck |
| Power plant | steam turbine, 150,000 liters with. | steam turbine, 170,000 liters with. | diesel and steam turbine, 175 000 l. with. | steam turbine, 201,000 liters with. |
| Maximum speed, knots | 33 | 33 | 35 | 33 |
| Range, miles (speed) | 12000 (15) | 8000 (18) | 14000 (19) | 8300 (14.5) |
| Crew man | 1517 | 1300 | 1965 | 1037 |
Notes
- Comments
- ↑ The common designation of this project as B-64 is erroneous, in fact, it belongs to much earlier cruisers of the Amagi type. Also known index V-16, which is a temporary designation from the Japanese MGS.
- Footnotes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Lacroix and Wells, 1997 , p. 608.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Lacroix and Wells, 1997 , p. 830.
- ↑ Lacroix and Wells, 1997 , p. 605
- ↑ 1 2 Lacroix and Wells, 1997 , p. 606
- ↑ Lacroix and Wells, 1997 , p. 607.
- ↑ Lacroix and Wells, 1997 , p. 609.
- ↑ Balakin, Dashyan, 2006 , p. 176.
- ↑ Balakin, Dashyan, 2006 , p. 115.
Literature
- Balakin S. A., Dashyan A. V. et al. Battleships of the Second World War. Fleet shock force. - M .: Collection, Yauza, EKSMO, 2006 .-- 256 p .: ill. - (Arsenal Collection). - 3000 copies. - ISBN 5-699-18891-6 , LBC 68.54 L59.
- in English
- Eric Lacroix, Linton Wells II. Japanese cruisers of the Pacific war. - Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1997 .-- 882 p. - ISBN 1-86176-058-2 .