Trichogramms are the genus of parasitic egg- riders of the family Trichogrammatidae of the order Hymenoptera . The genus includes more than 200 species.
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| Trichogramma Westwood , 1833 |
Content
Morphology
Very small parasitic insects, usually less than 1 mm long. The body is dense, wide, yellow, brown or black with a metallic tint. Antennae short, club-shaped , rings at the base of the first segment of flagellum.
Ecology
Adult insects feed on flower nectar . Larvae parasitize in the eggs of other insects, most often butterflies and isopterans .
Females lay up to four eggs in the egg of the host insect. Trichogram larvae develop in the egg, and pupate in it. At the end of the development of the pupa, adult individuals fly out of the host egg. Several generations can develop over a season. The trichogram overwinter in the larva stage in the eggs (most often leafworms , moths , silkworms ).
Economic value
Trichograms are entomophages . A number of species from the genus Trichogramma (first of all, the ordinary trichogramma - Trichogramma evanescens West., Non-male - Trichogramma embryophagum Htg., Euproctis - Trichogramma euproctidis Gir.) Are propagated in biological laboratories on eggs of grain moths and used to control crop pests. Trichogramma lays eggs in freshly laid eggs of pests. Adult trichograms are released at approximately 50 points per hectare of landings. In the fight against cabbage and winter scoops, up to 50 thousand trichograms per hectare are released in two periods during the laying period by insect pests. The trichogram is also used for biological control of meadow and corn moths , codling moth , and cabbage whitewash .
Well-developed methods for the use of trichograms for protection against cabbage pests, as well as tomatoes and sweet corn [1] .
In general, trichograms can be used to combat dozens (more than 70) of insect species - pests.
Notes
Literature
- Bondarenko N.V., Pospelov S.M., Persov M.P. General and agricultural entomology. - M .: Kolos, 1983.- 416 p.
- Trichogram in plant protection. Collection. - M .: Agropromizdat, 1988.