Zhang Zai ( Chinese р 载 п , pinyin : Zhāng Zǎi ), also known as Zhang Jihou , Zhang Hengju and Zhang Tzu (Hengju of Fengxian County (now Meixiang County, Shaanxi Province ), 1020-1077) is a Chinese philosopher, one of the founders of the neo-Confucian school of Li Xue ("the doctrine of principle").
| Zhang Tsai | |
|---|---|
| whale. Exercise 张 载 , Pinyin : Zhāng Zǎi | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | 1020 |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | 1077 |
| A country | |
| School / tradition | neoconfucianism |
| Direction | chinese philosophy |
| Core interests | |
Biography
Born in the capital of the Suna Empire, the city of Kaifeng . In his youth he was fond of Buddhism and Taoism.
In 1057, he passed the Qinshi exam and held the post of editor at the Academy of Literature, taught in Guanzhong , so his followers are called supporters of the Guanzhong school ( guan xue ). Among his students were brothers Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi .
Philosophy
At the heart of Zhang Zai's philosophy is the concept of eternal and indestructible qi energy, which is associated with both the great limit and the Tao . Chi produces a variety of things, and presence (s) and absence (s) are forms of its manifestation. World processes develop either abruptly (bian) or smoothly (hua).
Compositions
The main works are “Xi min” (“Western inscription”), “Dong min” (“Eastern inscription”), “Zheng man” (“Manual by the unenlightened”), “Jing xue xu ku” (“Abyss of the principles of studying canons”) , “And sho” (“Teaching of the Canon of Change”).
Notes
Sources
- Excerpts from the works of Zhang Tsai // Anthology of world philosophy in four volumes. The philosophy of antiquity and the Middle Ages. Volume 1. Part 1. M., 1969.- S. 251-255.
- Chan, Wing-tsit. A Sourcebook in Chinese Philosophy. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1963. Translates a selection of Zhang's works, focusing on Correcting Ignorance.
- Chan, Wing-tsit, trans. Reflections on Things at Hand: The Neo-Confucian Anthology Compiled by Chu Hsi and Lü Tsu-chien. New York: Columbia University Press, 1967.
Links
Literature
- “Chinese philosophy. Encyclopedic Dictionary ”- Moscow,“ Thought ”, 1994. ISBN 5-244-00757-2
- Christian Jochim. Naturalistic Ethics in a Chinese Context: Chang Tsai's Contribution // Philosophy East and West, Vol. 31, No. 2 (Apr., 1981), pp. 165-177
- Huang, Siu-chi. The Moral Point of view of Chang Tsai, // Philosophy East and West 21, no. 2 (April, 1971): 141-156
- Huang, Siu-chi. “Chang Tsai's Concept of Ch'i.” // Philosophy East and West 18.4 (October 1968): 247-60.
- Chow, Kai-wing. “Ritual, Cosmology, and Ontology: Chang Tsai's Moral Philosopy.” // Philosophy East and West 43.2 (April 1993): 201-28.
- Kasoff, Ira. The Thought of Chang Tsai. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
- T'ang, Chün-i. Chang Tsai's Theory of Mind and Its Metaphysical Basis.//Philosophy East and West6.2 (July 1956): 113-36.