Biomedicine , also called theoretical medicine, is a section of medicine that studies, from theoretical positions, the human body , its structure and function in normal and pathological conditions , pathological states, methods for their diagnosis , correction and treatment [1] [2] .
Biomedicine includes accumulated information and research, to a greater or lesser extent, general medicine , veterinary medicine , dentistry and the basic biological sciences, such as chemistry , biological chemistry , biology , histology , genetics , embryology , anatomy , physiology , pathology , biomedical engineering [3] , zoology , botany and microbiology [4] [5] [6] .
As a rule, biomedicine does not affect the practice of medicine to the extent that it is engaged in theory and research in medicine . The results of biomedicine make it possible the emergence of new drugs induced by stem cells for cell therapy, a deeper, molecular understanding of the mechanisms underlying the disease , thereby creating the foundation for all medical applications, diagnosis and treatment [7] .
Biomedical Industries
Of the most developed branches of biomedicine, it should be noted such as
- biomedical technology and its applications in the form of therapeutic cloning , cloning [8] [9]
- biomechanics and its applications in the form of human biomechanics , clinical biomechanics , sports biomechanics ,
- biomaterials.
Biomedicine Education
Biomedical education programs (sometimes called training programs for a physician - researcher , clinician ) are provided at most medical faculties in countries around the world, as a rule, with the goal of training professionals with a leading position in medical research and development [10] [11] [12] . The first faculty in the USSR engaged in the preparation of specialists in biomedicine is the ICF , the Faculty of Medicine and Biology of the 2nd Moscow State Medical Institute (now the eponymous faculty of the Russian National Research Medical University named after NI Pirogov ). The education received is clearly focused on human biology and basic sciences, on how to apply this knowledge to the medical and clinical environment. Mastering knowledge of the program includes passing examinations for a master 's degree in medicine and may vary in scope and depth of study in different countries of the world and / or in different faculties . Usually, a person who has completed such a program, or is active in the field of biomedicine, is called a physician - researcher , or bio physician [13] [14] .
Note
- ↑ Great Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 tons.] / Ch. ed. Yu. S. Osipov . - M .: The Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2004—2017.
- ↑ Medicine Definition
- ↑ Bronzino, Joseph D. (April 2006). The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Third Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2124-5 . http://crcpress.com/product/isbn/9780849321245 Archival copy of February 24, 2015 on the Wayback Machine
- “Bacteriology at The Free Online Dictionary”. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/bacteriologist . Retrieved on 2007-03-11.
- Vir “Virology at The Free Online Dictionary”. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/virology . Retrieved on 2007-03-11.
- ↑ Oxford Dictionary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Oxford: Oxford Scienxe Publications, 1997. ISBN 0-19-854768-4 .740 pp.
- ↑ Rose, Nikolas (2007) The Politics of Life Itself: Biomedicine.Power, and Subjectivity in the Twenty-First Centuty.Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.p.372. ISBN 0-691-12191-5
- ↑ Doctors grow organs from patients' own cells, CNN, April 3, 2006
- ↑ Trial begins for animals, University of Chicago, February 25, 1999
- Hot Hot Jobs. http://texashotjobs.org/ . Retrieved on 2007-03-11
- ↑ Health Careers. Archived copy (inaccessible link) . The appeal date is March 11, 2007. Archived September 29, 2007. . Retrieved on 2007-03-11.
- NH NHS Careers. http://www.nhscareers.nhs.uk/details/Default.aspx?Id=273 . Retrieved on 2007-03-11.
- Research "Research scientist (medical) at Prospects." February 2006. http://www.prospects.ac.uk/cms/ShowPage/Home_page/Explore_types_of_jobs/Types_of_Job/p!eipa?state=showocc&pageno=1&idno=278 Archive dated May 26, 2008 on the Wayback Machine . Retrieved on 2007-03-11.
- ↑ Paul D. Ellner (2006). The Biomedical Scientist as Expert Witness. ASM Press. ISBN 1-55581-345-3