Beloyarsky (Sverdlovsk region)

The village is located on the banks of the Pyshma River, where it flows into the Beloyarsky Pond 45 km east of Yekaterinburg , southeast of Nizhny Tagil and 1 km south of the city of Zarechny . The village is stretched by an arc from the northwest to the east along the southeast coast of the Beloyarsky pond .

Russian kingdom

In 1687, the Verkhotur boyars Fyodor and Ivan Tomilov founded Beloyarskaya Sloboda . The first settlers of the Beloyarsk settlement were the peasants of the Irbit , Nevyansk , Aramashev and Beloslud settlements. The reason for the relocation for many of them was the depletion of land in their former places of residence. The name of the settlement is explained by the presence of a sheer yar (steep and not flooded in the flood) along the right bank of the Pyshma River, dotted with white small stones on the surface.

In 1695, a prison was built in the settlement, that is, the settlement took the form of a fortified fortress surrounded by a wooden wall and gouges. The prison in Beloyarsky was located on the banks of the Pyshma River. In the fortified prison there were various official buildings: a hut, barns for bread, there was the church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker , the house of a clerk, clerk , the house of worshipers, as well as housing for white-headed Cossacks and peasants.

Russian Empire

Beloyarskaya Sloboda united 20 villages and until 1700 was part of Verkhotursky Uyezd . In the spring of 1700, the settlement was assigned to the construction of the Nevyansk plant and its peasant population was obliged to participate in this work. In 1719, nobleman Dmitry Kukhnov carried out an inventory of the property and the population census in the prison, noting the presence of a wooden church, a ship's hut, a powder barn and two barns with stocks of sovereign bread. Outside the prison, there were customs and a drinking shop. Ivan Tomilov was the dispatcher of the settlement at that time, and the nobleman Kornilov was the commander of the prison. In the prison itself lived two scribes (Antsiferov and Polovorotov), ​​two dragoons, a white-faced Cossack, an Orthodox priest; there were also four peasant households.

In 1718-1721, Beloyars were assigned to the Uktus plant , and in 1758 to the Verkh-Isetsk plant , which caused excitement, accompanied by a refusal to go to work. Collective efforts compiled a complaint addressed to the factory clerk Shipunov, sent to the main office of the Ural factories and to the office of the Zemstvo court. These actions of the inhabitants of the settlement were perceived as a rebellion, and a squad of soldiers was sent to pacify him from the factory, unable to achieve particular success and forced to retire. In the summer of 1762, the forces of Lieutenant I. Poretsky’s detachment were forced to obey.

Beloyarians took an active part in the Pugachev uprising of 1773-1775 . The detachment, led by the head of the Beloyarskaya Sloboda Fyodor Kochnev, joined Pugachev’s army, but soon they were defeated by government detachments.

In 1781, the Siberian tract began to operate, on which stood Beloyarskaya Sloboda. In 1790, writer A. N. Radishchev drove past the settlement, evidence of this was the lines in his diary: “In Beloyarsky, making noise with drunken men, we went to Kosulino . There is a sergeant on the road. The road goes in two: to Shadrinsk and Kamyshlov ... The people are friendly. Poor He walks in rags ... ".

In 1822, a three-altar stone church was built in Beloyarsky in honor of the Assumption of the Mother of God (Assumption Church), which is part of the Yekaterinburg diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church. In 1863, for some unknown reason, the bell tower of this temple burned down, as a result of which the entire temple was renovated and re-consecrated. In the 1880s, the Assumption Church was thoroughly renovated, a new iconostasis was made, and the walls of the temple are decorated with paintings. In turn, the church of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, which also existed in Beloyarsky, was transferred to the village of Mezenskoe in 1851 ^[17] .

In 1885, a railway passed near the settlement, and the Bazhenovo railway station was built ^[17] . In March 1912, the newspaper Uralskaya Zhizn reported that through the Bazhenovo station " Grigory Rasputin drove to his home, carefully hiding his face under a wide-brimmed hat."

According to the census of 1886, in the village of Beloyarsky there were 172 yards with 723 inhabitants, of which 17.7% were literate. 34 owners had 15 acres of land each, two each of 20. At the same time, 25 of the poorest residents rented all their land shares, 42 more yards partially gave the land for use to wealthy villagers . Most yards had one or two horses each. At the end of the 19th century, among other things, Beloyars were engaged in hauling, laborers or classifying themselves as craftsmen (masons, carpenters, shoemakers, blacksmiths, etc.). The construction of the railway led to the fact that the carriage business lost its previous profitability for the local population, and Beloyarsky turned into one of the poorest villages in the volost, yielding to the neighboring villages of Butakov, Bolshaya, and Bazhenov ^[18] .

In 1886, the famous Ural cameraman and photographer Veniamin Leontyevich Metenkov captured the village of Beloyarskoye in his photographs, later the photograph was printed in Stockholm .

In November 1890, the central part of Beloyarsky was destroyed by fire, the fire victims quickly rebuilt new houses that formed the street now called Militia.

In 1896, among the first stone buildings in Beloyarsky, the house of the merchant Georgy Kozmich Lizunov was erected.

In 1907, in the village of Beloyarsky, the partnership “A. Belenkov and N. Trutnev ”built the first in the district steam grind mill on the Pyshma River. This mill annually grinds up to 562500 pounds of grain, and most of the obtained grains were sold in Yekaterinburg ^[19] .

In 1910, by decision of the volost gathering, in Beloyarsky they decided to build a new government building in Beloyarsky volost . Total costs amounted to a significant amount at that time of 11 thousand rubles. The construction of the volost government building was completed in 1914.

In late December 1914, a factory for the production of asbestos cardboard was launched near Beloyarsky, equipment for which was purchased in Germany . The initial productivity of the enterprise was 650-800 kg of asbestos cardboard per day. The number of workers did not exceed 50 people ^{[20] [21]} .

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  View of the village of Beloyarskoye (in the background you can see the Assumption Church). 1886 V.V. Metenkov.

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  House of merchant G.K. Lizunov.

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  The building of the rural municipality and a credit partnership in the village of Beloyarsky.

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  Interior view of the old building of the Beloyarsk factory for the production of asbestos cardboard. 1914 - 1934

Soviet period

On February 18, 1918, the Beloyarsk Volost Government was dissolved and the Beloyarsk Volost Council was created. In 1924, the village of Beloyarsky became the center of the Beloyarsky district as part of the Sverdlovsk district of the Ural region . Since 1927, the district was renamed Bazhenovsky and existed with this name until 1933. In accordance with the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of September 20, 1933, the Bazhenov district was abolished. Its territory is subordinated to the Sverdlovsk City Council as part of the third October district of Sverdlovsk . Based on the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 26, 1937 and the decree of the Presidium of the Sverdlovsk Oblast Executive Committee of August 10, 1937, the Beloyarsky District was formed ^[22] .

During the Great Patriotic War, the local district military enlistment office, located in Beloyarsky, drafted 7,400 people into the army, of which more than half - 3,811 soldiers did not return home. Six Beloyars were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union . The heroes of the war were S.K. Ananyin , V.A. Izmatdinov , V.P. Nalobin , M.M. Edomin , P.A. Sysoev . The collective farm of the village of Beloyarsky “Spring Ear” in 1941 transferred 50 centners of its grain to the construction of the tank column “Beloyarsky collective farmer”. During the war years, the so-called state factory stable stayed in the village, where horses were trained for the needs of the front. In total, more than 400 horses were sent to the front.

On August 14, 1959, by the decision of the Sverdlovsk Oblast Executive Committee No. 616, the village of Beloyarskoye was classified as a working village with the inclusion of the villages of Butakova, Bolshaya, Bazhenova.

In 1962, the village of Krutikha, belonging to the Yaluninsky village council, and the village of Melzavod No. 5 were included in the line of the working village of Beloyarsky.

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  The building of the Beloyarsky district committee of the CPSU . 1988 year

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  The building of the department store in Beloyarsky. 1988 year

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  Celebrating the 300th anniversary of the village of Beloyarsky. 1987 year

Modern Russia

Since December 31, 2004, in accordance with the law of the Sverdlovsk region dated October 12, 2004 No. 90-OZ, the workers' settlement Beloyarsky becomes the center of the Beloyarsky city district .

From October 1, 2017, according to the regional law N 35-OZ, the status was changed from a working village to an urban-type settlement ^[23] .

General information

In Beloyarsk there is a district police department, fire department, gas service, post offices, Sberbank and several other banks.

Culture, education and sport

In the village there are the Palace of Culture, Beloyarsk Central Regional Library , the Center for the Development of Education of BGO, the Children and Youth Center, the Children's and Youth Sports School, three secondary schools (NN 1, 18, 14), an evening school, a music school, 12 kindergartens and a small stadium.

Religion

• Orthodox Church In the Name of the Assumption of the Mother of God ;
• MPO Blessing Church (XBE).

Medicine

The district hospital, two clinics (adult and children's), an ambulance station and a sanatorium.

Most residents work in the neighboring city of Zarechny (mainly at the Beloyarsk NPP ) or the capital of the region, Yekaterinburg .

Enterprises within the village:

• Universal Technologies LLC
• MBU "Memorial"
• LLC "AGROSERVICE"
• CJSC Beloyarsk Energy Systems
• JSC "BEIZ"
• LLC "White Yar"
• Bodaibo LLC
• ZAO "Trading House" Elkab "
• IES LLC
• LLC "Spectrum"
• LLC "ElectroTechSoyuz"
• LLC Lily of the Valley LTD
• LLC "Steel-Service"
• LLC "UOZ"
• LLC "NOVODENT"

The village can be reached by bus or train ( Bazhenovo railway station) from Yekaterinburg , the cities of Zarechny , Kamensk-Uralsky , Bogdanovich and Kamyshlov .

Inland transport:

• City bus (1 route),
• Taxi service.

^[24] New Banner Newspaper. The history of the newspaper begins on April 1, 1930. At that time, the newspaper had a different name: “Bazhenovsky collective farmer” (published three times a month). In 1937, the publication "The Stalinist Way" was formed on the basis of the "Bazhenovsky collective farmer". At that time, the newspaper was the printed organ of the district committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

In the 1960s, the newspaper was again renamed. This time, the banner already included in its name, and the newspaper Red Banner was called. True, under this name it did not last long: in April 1962, the Mayak newspaper appeared on the basis of Beloyarskaya, Sysert, Polevskaya, Asbestov and other newspapers. But the very next year, Beloyarsky district again found its newspaper, the newspaper Znamya.

By 1969, the circulation of the Znamya newspaper had already reached 10,000 copies. This was a great merit of the editorial staff who worked in the newspaper at that time.

In 2004, another word was added to the name “Banner” - “New”. So the newspaper got the name that it still bears.

• Peasant sundress Malachitnitsy: Cultural and historical essays / Coll. author - Yekaterinburg: Publishing House Socrates, 2003 .-- 368 p.
• Mikityuk V.P. Dynasty of Yekaterinburg Merchants Belinkovs // Third Tatishchev Readings. - Yekaterinburg, 2000.P. 201-206.
• Parishes and Churches of the Yekaterinburg Diocese / Ed. G. A. Usoltsev - Yekaterinburg: Brotherhood of St. Righteous Simeon, Verkhotursky Miracle Worker, 1902. - 647 p.
• A collection of statistical information on the Ekaterinburg district of the Perm province / Zverev P.N. - Ekaterinburg: Ekaterinburg district zemstvo, 1891.

• Beloyarsky // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.

• Official site of Beloyarsky settlement
• The administration of the Beloyarsk urban district on the site RosFirm.ru
• Municipal authorities
• On the site "Heraldry of the Sverdlovsk region"
• What did the newspapers of the early twentieth century write about the life of Beloyarsk peasants?