Alessandro Achillini (sometimes called Alessandro Achillini or Alexandro Achillini ; Italian. Alessandro Achillini ; 1463 [3] , Bologna - August 2 , 1512 , Bologna) - Italian anatomist and philosopher . Called the "second Aristotle ."
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Biography
Alessandro Akillini was born in 1463 in Bologna, was a professor at the universities of Padua and Bologna , where he died on August 2, 1512. Between the doctors of the Bologna school, he was one of the first who resorted to dissecting human corpses. His numerous anatomical writings have pushed this science forward.
He wrote: “Corporis humani anatomia” ( Venice , 1521). His philosophical and physical treatises are collected in Opera omnia (Venice, 1545; 1568); the most remarkable of them is “De intelligentiis” (in 5 books).
He discovered, in particular, the excretory duct of the submandibular salivary gland ( 1500 ), subsequently named after the red anatomist Thomas Warton ( 1614 - 1673 ) of the Wharton duct , who rediscovered it. [four]
Modern authors rank Akillini, as a philosopher, in the Padua school, which developed the traditions of Aristotelianism. For Padua school characteristic features of medieval freethinking. It was based on provisions that were materialistic in nature and poorly compatible with church ideology. The philosophers of the Padua school in their writings relied on such concepts as the incompleteness of the human race, its collective immortality, the single immortal soul of mankind, the mortality of the individual soul, the doctrine of the lack of freedom of the human will, etc. [5]
Family
His brother Giovanni Filoteo Akillini (Bologna; 1466-1538; ibid.) Is a well-known scholar and poet in the 15th and 16th centuries who thoroughly knew Latin and Greek and was very versed in theology, philosophy and music. In addition to didactic poems - “ II Viridario ” (Bologna, 1513) and “ II Fedele ” (Bologna, 1523) he published “ Annotazioni della lingua volgare ” (Bologna, 1536) [6] .
His great-nephew Claudio Akillini became a very famous scientist and poet in Italy.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 118643681 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ BNF ID : 2011 Open Data Platform .
- ↑ Day in History: October 29 - Science and Technology of Russia
- ↑ Who Named It? Wharton's duct . (eng.)
- ↑ Padua School - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- ↑ Achillini // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Literature
- Herbert Stanley Matsen. Alessandro Achillini (1463-1512) and his doctrine of universals and transcendentals: a study in Renaissance ockhamism. Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press 1974