Henri Joseph Duloran ( Du Laurent , French Henri Joseph Dulaurens, Du Laurens , real name - Laurent , Laurent ; baptized March 27, 1719 , Douai - August 17, 1793 , Marienborn, now part of Mainz ) - French writer and philosopher, former monk.
| Henri Joseph Duloran | |
|---|---|
| fr. Henri Joseph Dulaurens, Du Laurens | |
| Birth name | Laurent |
| Date of Birth | March 27, 1719 |
| Place of Birth | Douai , France |
| Date of death | August 17, 1793 ( 74) |
| Place of death | Mainz , Germany |
| Citizenship (citizenship) | |
| Occupation | , |
| Language of Works | French |
Born in the family of a surgeon, received his education in a Jesuit college. At the age of 18, he took monastic vows, but quickly became disillusioned with Catholicism , left the monastery and began to publish anticlerical pamphlets.
In 1761, Duloran settled in Paris , where he launched a violent literary activity, publishing (both anonymously, under alien or fictitious names) many works both in poetry and in prose.
Kum Mathieu
In 1766, Duloran released his best work - “Coum Mathieu, or the vicissitudes of the human mind” ( French: Le Compère Matthieu, ou les Bigarrures de l'esprit humain ), a satirical novel with the main character named Coum Mathieu, nicknamed the Philosopher. The novel exposed fanaticism, intolerance and hypocrisy. He was then captured by church authorities, sentenced to life imprisonment, and died in prison many years later.
Voltaire spoke highly of Duloran's novel; Apparently, he also knew about the fate of the writer, who was sentenced to life, and therefore could not be afraid of harming Duloran by attributing to him a new story, “Simple-minded” (already prohibited by church censorship in the autumn of 1767).
Russian translation of the novel “Qum Mathieu”
In 1803, a Russian translation of the novel appeared, which was immediately banned. The ban was later lifted, but the translator and censor P. A. Pelsky (1763/1765 - 1803), who allowed the book to be published, underwent certain troubles with which his contemporaries linked his death. The obituary said: "the courageous enterprise to translate the book" Kum Matvey ", works of an extremely impudent, caused his premature death."
Literature
- Gordon L. S. Roman Duloran's “Qum Mathieu” (From the History of the Plebeian Wing of the French Enlightenment) // Literature Issues, No. 5 (1960). S. 119-133.
- Gordon L. S. Dialogue in Duloran’s philosophical novel “Qum Mathieu” // Uchenye Zapiski Uralskogo un-ta, No. 44 (1966. Series of Philological Sciences, Issue 1. P. 17 - 31.
- Gordon L. S. Forgotten poet and translator Pyotr Afanasyevich Pelsky (1765-1803) // Scientific reports of higher education. Philological sciences. M., 1963. No. 2. P. 117-127.