Min Jia ( Chinese 名家 ). The School of Names is one of the six main philosophical schools of ancient China . The time of existence - V - III century BC. e. The main representatives of Deng Xi , Hui Shi , Gunsun Lun . Sometimes a thinker such as Yin Wen is referred to the name school. In the bibliographic section " Hanshu ", seven representatives are assigned to the school of names (min jia): along with the aforementioned, also are Chenggong-sheng, Huangong Tsy and Mao-gun (all from the 3rd century BC). The 33rd chapter of Chuang Tzu , listing Chinese thinkers, mentions Huan Tuan together with Gunsun Lun, but almost nothing is known about him and the three previous representatives. Later, the thinker of the school of names was based on the one who lived in the 3rd - 4th centuries AD. e. Lu Sheng , a Western Jin scholar.
The main problem of the school of names is the correlation of "names and realities" (min-shi). In historical and philosophical literature, the school is also called the school of sophists , the school of nominalists, the school of dialecticians. It is believed that along with the Moist school ( Moism ) and the Confucian Xun Kuan ( Xun Tzu ), the school actively participated in the formation of the beginnings of logic in Chinese thought. They note a certain similarity between the school of names and the sophists of Ancient Greece . According to the well-known scholar of the history of ancient Indian philosophy V.K.Shokhin, the first representatives of this school, "who drew the attention of their interlocutors to problems such as the compatibility of" hard "and" white ", is a white horse a horse, resemble the first Brahmanist " casuists "". They also point out some similarities between the paradoxical statements of the representatives of the school of names and the “sophisms” of the West European Middle Ages (in particular, the “sophisms” of Richard Sophist ).
According to the peculiarities of their ideas, the nominalists were divided into a "school of the union of identity and difference" and "a school of separation of essence and phenomenon.
Literature
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- Shokhin, V.K. Brahmanist philosophy. The initial and early classical periods. M., 1994. S. 294.
- Graham, AC, Disputers of the Tao: Philosophical Argument in Ancient China (Open Court 1993). ISBN 0-8126-9087-7
- Hansen, Chad The School of Names: Linguistic Analysis in China // A Daoist Theory of Chinese Thought: A Philosophical Interpretation. Oxford University Press, USA. 2000. ISBN 0195134192 . P. 233-264.
- Xing Lu: Rhetoric in ancient China, fifth to third century, BCE: a comparison with classical Greek rhetoric. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1998, s. 128. ISBN 978-1570032165 .
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- Caramés Sánchez, Javier ”Los Signados de míng 名 y shí 實 durante el período de los Reinos Combatientes”, Sínica, 2013
- Chen Bo (2014). Six Groups of Paradoxes in Ancient China From the Perspective of Comparative Philosophy. // Asian Philosophy 24 (4): 363-392.
- Alfred Forke, The Chinese sophists // Journal of the North-China Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, XXXIV, Changhai 1901, pp. 1-100.