Arsenal ( fr. Arsenal , Italian. Arsenale , from Arabic. دار الصناعة dār as-sināʿa - weapons workshop , shipyard [1] ) - a military institution for the storage, accounting, issuance of arms and ammunition to troops , as well as for work on their assembly, repair and manufacture of some parts for them [2] .
Arsenals can be sea and land, artillery and engineering [3] , strategic missile forces and so on. The importance of the large arsenal was such that it was often built in the form of a fortress or fort - to protect the contents of the arsenal from capture by the enemy.
The most important arsenals were: in imperial Russia - Petersburg , founded under the name " Foundry business and cannon yard ", Kiev and Bryansk , the marine Arsenal - Sevastopol and Kronstadt; in Germany - Munich ; in France - Lyons ; in England - Woolwich ; in the USA - Frankford, Springfield and others.
Until the end of the 19th century, most of the arsenals of all states were engaged in the production of many types of weapons and ammunition for land and naval forces . Arsenals-factories had with them warehouses of weapons and weapons.
In the 20th century , as arms production became an independent industry, the need arose for separating the manufacture and storage of weapons and ammunition. In this regard, the arsenals have lost their former importance and perform the functions of bases or depots of weapons and ammunition. In the USSR, the term “arsenal” was not used as the name of a military institution [2] .
Examples
- Arsenal of the Moscow Kremlin
- Arsenal in Venice
- Arsenal in Vienna
- City arsenal (Lviv)
- Royal Arsenal (Lviv)
- Arsenal of Senyavsky
- 29th arsenal of the Strategic Missile Forces
See also
- Base
- Stock
- Storage
- Storeroom
Notes
- ↑ Arsenal // Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language : in 4 volumes / chap. ed. B. M. Volin , D. N. Ushakov (t. 2-4); comp. G. O. Vinokur , B. A. Larin , S. I. Ozhegov , B. V. Tomashevsky , D. N. Ushakov ; under the editorship of D.N. Ushakova . - M .: State Institute "Soviet Encyclopedia" (t. 1): OGIZ (t. 1): State Publishing House of Foreign and National Dictionaries (t. 2-4), 1935-1940.
- ↑ 1 2 Arsenal - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
- ↑ Arsenal // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.